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The Study of the Effect of Transportation on Issuerelevant Thoughts in Narrative Persuasion
Kitae Kim(Kitae Kim),Jisoo Park(Jisoo Park) 글로벌지식융합학회 2023 지식융합연구 Vol.6 No.1
기존의 설득 내러티브(persuasive narratives) 연구에서는 독자의 내러티브의 몰입(transportation)이 내러티브에서 논하는 이슈에 관한 생각과 비판적 사고를 방해한다는 ‘몰입과 이슈 관련 사고의 양립불가능 원칙(the principle of incompatibility of transportation and issue-relevant thought)’을 제시하였다. 그러나 이전 연구에서는 설득적 의도가 명확하지 않은 내러티브를 사용한 경우가 많았다. 본 연구는 개인의 인지적 반응을 수집하기 위해 활용되는 ‘사고 목록 작성(thought-listing)’ 방법을 원용하여, 109명의 대학생에게 기존의 연구와는 달리 좀 더 노골적이고 명확한 설득의도를 가진 메시지로 위 원칙을 테스트해보았다. 본 연구결과는 위 원칙에 반대되는 결과를 보여주었는데, 내러티브에 몰입한 정도는 이슈에 대한 생각의 긍·부정 여부는 상관없이 이슈에 관한 생각 정도와 부적 상관관계를 가지지 않았으며 심리적 반발심(PR)이나 논리적 반박(CA)과 같은 설득에의 저항도 이슈에 관한 생각정도와 유의미한 관계를 나타나지 않았다. 즉, 본 연구결과는 설득 목적 내러티브의 이슈에 관한 생각과 비판적 사고는 내러티브에 대한 몰입보다 내러티브의 설득의도가 이야기 속에 얼마나 명확하게 제시되는 지에 더 큰 영향을 받을 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. The previous research of persuasive narrative messages has suggested that transportation into narratives prohibits issue-relevant thinking and critical thoughts on the issue, which is known as “the principle of incompatible of transportation and issue-relevant thought”. However, the previous research did not use narrative appeals with explicit persuasive intent and strong argument. Furthermore, the issues in the narratives were often not personally relevant. Hence, employing thought-listing techniques, this study tested the principle with persuasive narrative messages that had more explicit persuasive intention and more relevant issue to the participants. The findings of this study contradicts the principle: the extent to which the participants were transported into the story was not negatively associated with the number of issue-relevant thoughts, regardless of the valence of the thoughts. Consequently, this study suggests whether people are willing to think about the issue of persuasive narrative messages may be more related to the how explicitly the persuasive intent in narratives is presented in the narratives rather than transportation into the narratives.
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KiTae KIM(KiTae KIM),HoSung WOO(HoSung WOO) 한국4차산업학회 2022 4차산업연구 Vol.2 No.2
Purpose - The purpose is to present an efficient library-use education model in the form of flip learning, reflecting traditional teaching methods and gamification elements even in such non-face-to-face and face-to-face situations after COVID-19. Research design, data, and methodology - Research on library use education, research on ubiquitous environment and gamification instructional design, flip the learning, and gamification elements are classified, compared, and analyzed to present educational models for library education, COVID-19 Pandemic situation, and subsequent library use education. Result - We propose an e-learning content development strategy for flipped learning-based library education. First, benchmark and use the existing educational contents. Second, a user-friendly interface is configured so that learners can flexibly organize their learning contents. Third, it allows learners to experience it directly or indirectly in a virtual space. Conclusion - If the e-learning environment can be standardized to the level of schools or educational institutions, a good educational model that can be used not only in library user education but also in other fields will be possible.
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Nonlinear Thomson Scattering for Attosecond X-ray Pulse Generation
Kitae Lee,Seong Hee Park,Young Uk Jeong 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.4
Coherent nonlinear Thomson scattering using a relativistic electron beam has been obtained and can be used to generate attosecond X-ray pulses. When the laser intensity becomes relativistic (>1018 W/cm2), an electron conducts relativistic oscillatory motion, causing radiation with a harmonic spectrum. Under a plane-wave approximation, an analytic formula to describe the coherent spectrum generated from an electron beam has been developed. This formula leads to a condition, under which the radiations scattered from different electrons in an electron beam might coherently add. We find that with an electron beam of a few tens of nanometers in length, an X-ray pulse with a pulse length of a few tens of attoseconds can be generated. Including the finite focal size of the laser pulse, we have estimated that a few tens of terawatts will be required to demonstrate coherent nonlinear Thomson scattering.
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In vivo evaluation on the safety of DMZ-109, 121 and 129 in Balb/c mice
Kitae Park,Young Nam Kim,Min Hee Hwang,Hye-jin Ko,Young-Rak Cho,Eun-Kyung Ahn 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7
To evaluate the safety of DMZ-109, 121 and 129, natural herb effective in anti-allergic, we performed the single oral dose toxicity test in Balb/c mice. In order to calculated 50% lethal dose (LD50) and approximate lethal dose (LD), test articles were once orally administered to male and female Balb/c mice. The animals were distributed into 8 groups of 5 mice per group according to their body weight. After administration with each sample (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg), the mortality and changes on body weight, clinical signs, gross observation, organ weights (heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and reproductive organs) were monitored 14 days after administration of DMZ-109, 121 and 129. We also conducted hematolocial test and serum clinical chemistry test (glucose, TP, ALB, AST, ALT, T-bil, total cholesterol, TG, LDL, HDL, LDH, D-bil and UA) after animal sacrifice. Any mortalities, test article related clinical signs and gross findings, significant body and organ weight changes, hematolocial changes and serum chemistry changes were not found. The results obtained in this study suggest that LD 50 and approximate LD in mice after single oral dose of DMZ-109, 121 and 129 were speculated over 2000 mg/kg in both male and female mice.
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Three-dimensional structural design based on cellular automata simulation
Kita, E.,Saito, H.,Tamaki, T.,Shimizu, H.,Xie, Y.M. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.23 No.1
This paper describes the design scheme of the three-dimensional structures based on the concept of the cellular automata simulation. The cellular automata simulation is performed according to the local rule. In this paper, the local rule is derived in the mathematical formulation from the optimization problem. The cell density is taken as the design variable. Two objective functions are defined for reducing the total weight of the structure and obtaining the fully stressed structure. The constraint condition is defined for defining the local rule. The penalty function is defined from the objective functions and the constraint condition. Minimization of the penalty function with respect to the design parameter leads to the local rule. The derived rule is applied to the design of the three-dimensional structure first. The final structure can be obtained successfully. However, the computational cost is expensive. So, in order to reduce the computational cost, the material parameters $c_1$ and $c_2$ and the value of the cell rejection criterion (CRC) are changed. The results show that the computational cost depends on the parameters and the CRC value.
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Expression of Heat Shock Proteins by Heat Stress in Soybean
( Kitae Song ),( Won Cheol Yim ),( Byung-moo Lee ) 한국육종학회 2017 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.4
Heat stress is one of the factors disturb productivity and growth of plants. Many genes including heat shock protein (HSP), heat shock transcription factors (HSF) and chaperones, were identified and characterized in many plants to play role in increased tolerance to abiotic stress. To reveal responsive gene to heat stress, we performed RNA-seq using two Korean soybean varieties under heat stress and normal conditions. The transcripts were analyzed, and we obtained 2,458 genes including 46 co-up regulation and 55 co-down regulated genes in both soybean varieties. We also revealed HSPs, HSFs and chaperones in the differentially expressed genes using BLAST and Pfam analyzation and verified expression changes under heat stress. Finally, we find 68 genes involved in HSP, HSF, chaperones in heat responsive genes associated increasing heat tolerance. As a result, relatively small HSP families were up regulated and continuously expressed in long period heat stress. On the other hand, large molecule HSPs, HSFs and chaperonin did not response to long heat stress. The expression profiling and characterization provide invaluable information to understand heat tolerance of soybean.
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Kita, K.,Nagao, K.,Okumura, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.5
Nutritional regulation of gene expression associated with growth and feeding behavior in avian species can become an important technique to improve poultry production according to the supply of nutrients in the diet. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) found in chickens has been characterized to be a 70 amino acid polypeptide and plays an important role in growth and metabolism. Although it is been well known that IGF-I is highly associated with embryonic development and post-hatching growth, changes in the distribution of IGF-I gene expression throughout early- to late-embryogenesis have not been studied so far. We revealed that the developmental pattern of IGF-I gene expression during embryogenesis differed among various tissues. No bands of IGF-I mRNA were detected in embryonic liver at 7 days of incubation, and thereafter the amount of hepatic IGF-I mRNA was increased from 14 to 20 days of incubation. In eyes, a peak in IGF-I mRNA levels occurred at mid-embryogenesis, but by contrast, IGF-I mRNA was barely detectable in the heart throughout all incubation periods. In the muscle, no significant difference in IGF-I gene expression was observed during different stages of embryogenesis. After hatching, hepatic IGF-I gene expression as well as plasma IGF-I concentration increases rapidly with age, reaches a peak before sexual maturity, and then declines. The IGF-I gene expression is very sensitive to changes in nutritional conditions. Food-restriction and fasting decreased hepatic IGF-I gene expression and refeeding restored IGF-I gene expression to the level of fed chickens. Dietary protein is also a very strong factor in changing hepatic IGF-I gene expression. Refeeding with dietary protein alone successfully restored hepatic IGF-I gene expression of fasted chickens to the level of fed controls. In most circumstances, IGF-I makes a complex with specific high-affinity IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). So far, four different IGFBPs have been identified in avian species and the major IGFBP in chicken plasma has been reported to be IGFBP-2. We studied the relationship between nutritional status and IGFBP-2 gene expression in various tissues of young chickens. In the liver of fed chickens, almost no IGFBP-2 mRNA was detected. However, fasting markedly increased hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression, and the level was reduced after refeeding. In the gizzard of well-fed young chickens, IGFBP-2 gene expression was detected and fasting significantly elevated gizzard IGFBP-2 mRNA levels to about double that of fed controls. After refeeding, gizzard IGFBP-2 gene expression decreased similar to hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression. In the brain, IGFBP-2 mRNA was observed in fed chickens and had significantly decreased by fasting. In the kidney, IGFBP-2 gene expression was observed but not influenced by fasting and refeeding. Recently, we have demonstrated in vivo that gizzard and hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression in fasted chickens was rapidly reduced by intravenous administration of insulin, as indicated that in young chickens the reduction in gizzard and hepatic IGFBP-2 gene expression in vivo stimulated by malnutrition may be, in part, regulated by means of the increase in plasma insulin concentration via an insulin-response element. The influence of dietary protein source (isolated soybean protein vs. casein) and the supplementation of essential amino acids on gizzard IGFBP-2 gene expression was examined. In both soybean protein and casein diet groups, the deficiency of essential amino acids stimulated chickens to increase gizzard IGFBP-2 gene expression. Although amino acid supplementation of a soybean protein diet significantly decreased gizzard IGFBP-2 mRNA levels, a similar reduction was not observed in chickens fed a casein diet supplemented with amino acids. This overview of nutritional regulation of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 gene expression in young chickens would serve for the establishment of the supply of nutrients to diets to improve poultry pro
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