A structure-controlled model for hot spring exploration in Taiwan by remote sensing

Jin-King Liu,Ming-Fang Yu,Shiun-Jenq Ueng 한국지질과학협의회 2003 Geosciences Journal Vol.7 No.4

Hot Spring Law of Taiwan was passed in legislativeassembly on 3 June 2003. Hot springs would become one of themost important natural resources for recreation purposes. Bothpublic and private sectors wil invest large amount of capital inthis area in the near future. The value of remote sensing technol-ogy is to give a critical tool for observing the landscape to find outmega-scaled geological structures, which may not be able to befound by conventional approaches. The occurrences of the hotsprings in Taiwan are mostly in metamorphic and sedimentaryrocks, other than in volcanic environments. Local geothermalanomaly or heat of springs transfer by liquid convection otherthan conduction or radiation. The deeply-seated fractures of hardrocks are the conduit of the convection of hot water, which couldbe as deep as 3000 meters in a hypothetical model of Taiwan.Clues to find outcrops of hot spring can be obtained by a struc-ture-controlled model deduced by geological lineaments observedby satellite images and stereoscopic interpretation of aerial pho-tographs. A case study conducted in Eastern Taiwan wil be dem-onstrated.

An Algebraic Approach to Collision Detection of Ellipses in Plane

Yi-King Choi,Wenping Wang,Yang Liu,Myung-Soo Kim (사)한국CDE학회 2005 한국CAD/CAM학회 국제학술발표 논문집 Vol.2005 No.8

Colorectal Surgery Training in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and China

Joe King Man FAN,Zhonghui Liu 대한대장항문학회 2018 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.34 No.3

Until 1st July 1997, Hong Kong was under the governance of the British Government; therefore, the British system of education was followed. After internship, 7 years of general surgical training is required to obtain registration and fellowship qualifications of the College of Surgeon of Hong Kong and Edinburg. After having become a specialist in general surgery, the surgeon could choose to specialize in colorectal surgery with an additional 3 to 5 years of specialist training in an accredited centre and 6 months of overseas training with subsidies. On the contrary, China has more than 600 medical schools, and students can enroll in different programs to become a medical practitioner. Despite a great discrepancy exists in the quality of teaching and supervision but there are comprehensive regulations governing the accreditation of hospitals, credentialing of operations, medical records, etc. to ensure medical and patient safety. Vast amounts of resources are being invested to strengthen the quality and to advance the technology used in patient care, not only by supporting basic and clinical research but also by providing extra resources to “import” experts and help develop services with clinical excellence. To accomplish this, the aim of the “three fames project” with a 5-year funding of 3 million United States dollar is to invite overseas experts to help build medical teams in specific areas. Due to its huge population (more than 1.3 billion people), China is a country full of potential for development in clinical research, collaboration, knowledge exchange, and the provision of premier medical services.

Minimally Invasive Approach to Supra-pubic and Non-Midline Lower Abdominal Ventral Hernia – An Extended Indication of TAPE Technique

Joe King Man FAN,Jeremy YIP,Matrix Fung,Oswens Siu Hung LO,Jianwen LIU,Xuefei YANG,Kejin CHEN,Wai Lun LAW 대한내시경복강경외과학회 2017 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.20 No.3

Repair of lower abdominal incisional hernia is always a surgical challenge. TAPE technique has been described for the repair of supra-pubic midline incisional hernia with satisfactory outcome. Its indication can be extended for treatment of non-midline lower abdominal hernia. Peritoneal incision is created just below the hernia defect with pre-peritoneal dissection to expose supra-pubic preperitoneal space with Cooper’s ligament exposed. Non-adhesive mesh then placed over preperitoneal space and partially intra-peritoneally, and cover the whole extra-peritoneal space prepared to ensure enough overlapping. Mesh is fixed by tackers for intra-peritoneal part, most inferior fixation points were at peritoneal incision line. Extra-peritoneal part of meshes is fixed at the safety zone and covered up by the peritoneal flap to avoid mesh migration. Fixation of the meshes at the lateral aspects were facilitated by the peritoneal flap and subsequent fibrosis and adhesion to the extra-peritoneal structures in cases of lateral lower abdominal hernia. Repair of midline and lateral lower abdominal incisional hernia with this novel modified technique with prosthetic mesh is safe and effective. A larger case series and longer follow-up is required for validation of this technique.

The Impact of Double Fixation with Titanium Tack and N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue (NBCG) Mesh Fixation versus NBCG Fixation Only in Totally Extra-Peritoneal Hernioplasty with 3-Dimensional Configured Polyester Mesh: A Comparative Study

Kejin CHEN,Jianwen LIU,Xuefei YANG,Joe King Man Fan 대한내시경복강경외과학회 2018 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.21 No.3

Purpose: Our aim is to compare 3-dimensional mesh fixation using titanium tacks combine with n-butyl cyanoacrylate glue (NBCG) (COMBINE group) versus NBCG only (NBCG group) in totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty (TEP).Methods: This is a retrospectively study of patients diagnosed with unilateral inguinal hernia and underwent TEP with 3-dimensional configured polyester mesh fixation using titanium tacks combine NBCG or NBCG only at the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital with data prospectively collected. Operative details and outcomes were compared including: operating time, size of defect, total hospital cost, post-operative pain scores and recurrence.Results: From 08.2013 to 03.2016 a total of 219 patients were included. There was no significant difference between COMBINE group and NBCG group in mean age (52.5 years versus 48.2 years), mean size of defects (2.4 cm versus 2.6 cm), and operating time (121 mins versus 111 mins). There were significant differences between COMBINE group and NBCG group in total hospital cost (3035 USD versus 2022 USD), post-operative pain score on day 2 to day 4 (VAS: 1.4 versus 1.0, 1.0 versus 0.4, 0.5 versus 0.2). There was one recurrence in COMBINE group (p=0.276) with overall recurrence of 0.46%.Conclusion: Patients with inguinal hernia underwent TEP with 3-dimensional configured polyester mesh with NBCG fixation only having comparative surgical outcome to COMBINE group. A recurrence of 0.46% can be achieved with this combination. Tacks fixation may cause more post-operative pain and increase hospital cost. Use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue in TEP is safe and effective in our clinical series.

Nano-Electro-Mechanical Nonvolatile Memory (NEMory) Cell Design and Scaling

Choi, Woo Young,Osabe, Taro,King Liu, Tsu-Jae IEEE 2008 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.55 No.12

<P> The design and scalability of a nano-electro-mechanical memory (NEMory) cell are investigated via analytical modeling and finite element analysis (FEA) simulation. Proportionate scaling of all the cell dimensions provides for improved storage density together with low operating voltages and fast program/erase times. From FEA simulation, a 75-nm-long aluminum cantilever-beam NEMory cell is expected to have sub-1-ns erase and program times for sub-1-V operation. Because there are practical limits to beam and air-gap thickness scaling, it will be difficult to achieve low-voltage operation for very short beams <TEX Notation='TeX'><TEX>$(L_{\rm beam} ≪ \hbox{50}\ \hbox{nm})$</TEX></TEX>, unless a beam material with a low Young's modulus is used. Fracture strain imposes a fundamental limit for beam-length scaling. Thus, a high fracture-strain beam material is desirable to extend NEMory scalability. </P>

Impact of COVID-19 on Hong Kong Women"s Health and Quality of Life

Maria Shuk Yu HUNG,Liliane Chui King CHAN,Sisi Pui Shan LIU,Stanley Kam Ki LAM 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a dreadful health crisis globally. The adverse impacts on Asian women, including those in Hong Kong, are considerable. Hong Kong community women"s pressure is immense due to traditional, cultural, social, familial, and personal responsibilities. We aimed to illustrate the impact of COVID-19 on Hong Kong women"s health and quality of life. Method(s): An interpretive phenomenological approach was used in this study. Chinese females over 18, living in Hong Kong, who could understand Cantonese, were invited for semi-structured face-to-face, in-depth interviews. Data were collected from August 2020 onwards after the "third wave" of COVID-19 in Hong Kong, one of the most severe waves. The audio-taped individual interviews were transcribed. Data analysis was concurrent with data collection until data saturation. The thematic analysis was adopted to understand and interpret the participants" experiences through interviews accurately. Result(s): Twenty-five women participated in the study, with ages ranging from 25-69. Three were single, 15 were married, six were separated/divorced, and one was widowed. Individual interviews with an average duration of 48 minutes. Three major themes identified were deterioration of personal health, unfavorable to human relationships, adaptation to external challenges. Eight subthemes have emerged: emotional and psychological distress, caregiver role fatigue and exhaustion, social activities avoidance, regrets of unfulfilled filial responsibilities, unhealthy marital relationship, tension among parent-child relationship, environmental and household hygiene practices changes, financial loss due to underemployment/unemployment/ resignation. Impacts were intensified among those women with a family caregiver role, low family monthly income, or low educational levels. Conclusion(s): The study demonstrated significant health impacts and quality of life challenges on Hong Kong women"s requiring extra attention and support from the local government, non-governmental organizations, and healthcare professionals. Promotion of strategies or activities that could enhance the women"s physical, psychological, emotional, social, financial, self-confidence, and quality of life are recommended.

A Novel Self-Aligned 4-Bit SONOS-Type Nonvolatile Memory Cell With T-Gate and I-Shaped FinFET Structure

Sunyeong Lee,Yong Woo Jeon,Tsu-Jae King Liu,Dae Hwan Kim,Dong Myong Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on electron devices Vol.57 No.8

<P>We propose a novel 4-bit self-aligned SONOS-type nonvolatile memory (NVM) cell with a T-gate and I-shaped FinFET structure for practical implementation with high storage density and better reliability. In order to obtain enhanced reliability characteristics, a modified Fowler-Nordheim tunneling mechanism is employed for programming along the channel length direction, while a band-to-band hot hole injection is used for erasing along the channel width direction. With separated paths for program and erase, improved device performance is obtained with sensing margin. In order to improve the immunity to second-bit effects, the gate-induced drain leakage current method, which is a charge detection method and highly sensitive to the locally stored charges, is employed for the reading of the stored data. In terms of the scalability, we confirmed by 2-D technology computer-aided design simulation that the proposed NVM cell with channel length <I>L</I> = 50 nm operates with enough sensing margin and high-density ( ~ 5 F<SUP>2</SUP>/bit) NVM by the crossed cell array architecture.</P>

Impact of Gate Line-Edge Roughness (LER) Versus Random Dopant Fluctuations (RDF) on Germanium-Source Tunnel FET Performance

Damrongplasit, Nattapol,Sung Hwan Kim,Changhwan Shin,Liu, Tsu-Jae King IEEE 2013 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY Vol.12 No.6

<P>The impact of gate line-edge roughness (LER) on the performance of the planar germanium-source tunnel FET with gate length Lg = 30 nm is studied via 3-D device simulation. Depending on the source formation process, gate LER can result in source LER. Therefore, two extreme cases of the source edge profile are considered herein: smooth edge and rough edge. Threshold voltage VT variation due to gate LER is found to be minimal in each case, as compared to VT variation caused by random dopant fluctuations (RDF). Gate LER is also found to have negligible impact on the off-state leakage current floor. In the case of a source with smooth edge, gate-LER induced variation in on-state drive current can be significant.</P>

장 천공을 동반한 Hirschsprung씨 병 3예 보고

김성철,서병선,유선경,김인구,Kim, Seong-Chul,Sea, Byong-Sun,Liu, Shan King,Kim, In-Koo 대한소아외과학회 1995 소아외과 Vol.1 No.2

Neonatal intestinal perforation is mainly caused by necrotizing enterocolitis, intestinal atresia, meconium ileus or unknown etiology. Occasionally, Hirschsprung's disease presents with neonatal intestinal perforation, of which, it is known that total colonic aganglionosis is common. Therefore, Hirschsprung's disease should be considered as a cause of neonatal intestinal perforation. The authors have experienced 3 cases of neonatal Hirschsprung's disease associated with colonic perforations. Cecal perforations were noted in 2 cases with aganglionosis from descending colon and sigmoid perforation in a case with aganglionosis in rectum. These cases will be discussed with literature review.