Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)

아동청소년 교우관계문제검사의 요인구조

최선희,김종미,홍상황,Choi, Sun-Hee,Kim, Jong-Mee,Hong, Sang-Hwang 한국초등상담교육학회 2011 초등상담연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 연구는 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사(KIPR)에 잠재되어 있는 요인구조를 밝히고 검증하여 이 검사의 심리적 특성을 밝히고 해석적 유용성을 높이는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경남지역 3개 초등학교 4~6학년 아동 616명을 대상으로 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사를 실시하였고 그 중 578명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 3요인과 4요인 모형을 설정하여 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 3요인 모형에서 요인 1은 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사의 비주장성(C5), 사회적 억제(C4), 냉담(C3), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "자신감 결여와 사회적 위축", 요인 2는 통제지배(C1), 자기중심성(C2) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "공격성과 타인조종", 요인 3은 자기희생(C7), 과관여(C8), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "과잉배려"로 명명하였다. 둘째, 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형은 4요인 모형보다 수집된 자료를 잘 반영하고 있었고(RMSEA=.054), 적합도는 만족할 수준은 아니지만 수용할 수 있는 수준이었고(CFI=.786), 모형의 간명성 또한 적합한 것으로 나타났다(PCFI=.733). 본 연구에서는 교우관계원형에서 상관계수가 높은 인접한 척도끼리는 동일한 요인으로 묶여지는 것을 확인하였고 이를 통해 8개의 원형척도를 망라하는 상위의 대표적인 요인척도를 구성하는데 필요한 근거를 제공하여, 이 검사의 해석적 유용성을 높였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 생각된다. The purpose of this study is to reveal and confirm the factor structure inherent in the Korean inventory of peer relationships(KIPR; Sang-Hwang Hong, et al., 2009) in order to strengthen the interpretive usefulness of the test. For this purpose, the inventory was administered to the total of 616 children in the fourth through sixth grades in three elementary schools located in Gyungnam area, and the data from 578 of them were analyzed. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, as a result of the exploratory factor analysis of 3-factor and 4-factor models, the 3-factor model was found to be more appropriate. In the 3-factor model, the factor 1 is named "Lack of Self-Confidence and Social Withdrawal" as it consists of such circumplex scale items as Non-Assertiveness (C5), Social Avoidance (C4), the Cold (C3), and Too Submissive (C6). The factor 2 is named "Too Aggressive and Controlling" and consists of items Too Controlling (C1) and Hard to be Supportive (C2). The factor 3 is named "Too Caring" and consists of items Too Responsible (C7), Over Involvement (C8), and Too Submissive (C6). Second, as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis, the 3-factor model, in comparison to the 4-factor model, was found to better reflect the collected data(RMSEA=.054), its goodness of fit was not satisfactory but within the acceptable range(CFI=.786), and its power of simplicity and clarity was also adequate(PCFI=.733). In the current study, through the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of scores from the Korean inventory of peer relationships circumplex scales, scales within the peer relationship circumplex model that are near each other and are highly correlated were confirmed to be grouped together as same factors. I believe the main merit of the study lies in the above result having provided the necessary foundation for forming the superordinate and representative scale that encompasses the eight circumplex scales, which enhances the test's interpretive usefulness.

Novel antimutagenic Pigment produced by Bacillus licheniformis SSA3

Kim, Jong Kyu,Park, Sun Mee,Lee, Sang Jun 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1995 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.5 No.1

We discovered that the Bacillus licheniformis SSA3, fermenting traditional Korean soy sauce and soybean paste, involved in the synthesis of a dark-brown pigment. This pigment produced in the minimal medium supplemented with tyrosine only as precursor. We showed that this pigment is novel, and differed from melanoidin and melanin, and an antimutagenic substance.

Change of Vibrio vulnificus Metalloprotease VvpE Production by Temperature and Salinity

Kim, Choon-Mee,Shin, Sung-Heui The Korean Society for Microbiology 2011 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.41 No.3

Vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative halophilic marine bacterium and opportunistic pathogen, must withstand various environmental changes, especially the simultaneous change of temperature and salinity (SCTS) from $25^{\circ}C$/2.5% to $37^{\circ}C$/0.9% upon entering the human body. Previous studies have suggested that temperature and salinity may affect the production of metalloprotease VvpE via the LuxS-mediated autoinducer-2 quorum sensing system (AI-2-QSS). However, this hypothesis remains to be verified through coherent experiments. In this study, SCTS stimulated V. vulnificus growth with no increase in total growth levels. The SCTS-mediated prolongation of the stationary growth phase resulted in a significant increase in growth phase-dependent luxS and vvpE transcriptions; however, SCTS did not affect luxS or vvpE transcription levels during the exponential growth phase. SCTS also advanced extracellular VvpE production, which was consistent with vvpE transcription and V. vulnificus growth. SCTS-mediated modulation of vvpE expression was slightly attenuated but still observed in the background of a luxS mutation which seriously repressed vvpE expression. These results indicate that SCTS stimulates luxS and vvpE expression by stimulating V. vulnificus growth; however, the LuxS-mediated AI-2-QSS plays only a minor role, if any, in the SCTS-mediated modulation of vvpE expression.

Helicobacter heilmannii-associated Gastritis: Clinicopathologic Findings and Comparison with Helicobacter pylori-associated Gastritis

Mee Joo,Ji Eun Kwak,장선희,Hanseong Kim,Je G. Chi,Kyung Ah Kim,Jeon Ho Yang,June Sung Lee,Young Soo Moon,Kyoung Mee Kim 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.1

Effect of High Pressure Low Temperature Treatment on the Inactivation of Microorganism in Raw Milk

Kim. Jee-Yeon,Hong. Geun-Pyo,Park. Sung-Hee,Kim. Jeong-Mee,Min. Sang-Gi 한국축산식품학회 2006 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.- No.37

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of HPLT on the inactivation rates of microorganisms in raw milk depending on the pressurization time and temperature. Raw milk samples were submitted to HPLT of 200 MPa at -4, 4, 12 and 20℃, respectively. Inactivation increased with pressurization time and HPLT of microorganisms at 200 MPa was time dependent at any temperature. At sub-zero temperature of -4℃, high pressure pasteurization was the most effective in inactivating microorganisms.

Overexpression of Escherichia coli Thiol Peroxidase in the Periplasmic Space

( SUNG JIN KIM,MEE KYUNG CHA,IL HAN KIM,HA KUN KIM ) 한국미생물생명공학회 1998 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.8 No.1

Efficient derivation of new human embryonic stem cell lines.

Kim, Sun Jong,Lee, Jeoung Eun,Park, Jong Hyuk,Lee, Jung Bok,Kim, Jin Mee,Yoon, Byung Sun,Song, Ji Min,Roh, Sung Il,Kim, Chul Geun,Yoon, Hyun Soo Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.19 No.1

<P>Human embryonic stem (hES) cells, unlike most cells derived from adult or fetal human tissues, represent a potentially unlimited source of various cell types for basic clinical research. To meet the increased demand for characterized hES cell lines, we established and characterized nine new lines obtained from frozen-thawed pronucleus-stage embryos. In addition, we improved the derivation efficiency from inner cell masses (to 47.4%) and optimized culture conditions for undifferentiated hES cells. After these cell lines had been maintained for over a year in vitro, they were characterized comprehensively for expression of markers of undifferentiated hES cells, karyotype, and in vitro/in vivo differentiation capacity. All of the cell lines were pluripotent, and one cell line was trisomic for chromosome 3. Improved culture techniques for hES cells should make them a good source for diverse applications in regenerative medicine, but further investigation is needed of their basic biology.</P>

Effects of ultrasound on Injured Muscle in Rats

Kim, Young-Il,Chang, Sang-Suk,Kim, Young-Mee 한국미용학회 2001 한국미용학회지 Vol.7 No.3

초음파는 인체의 골조직, 교원질, 체단백질 등에 작용하여 압전효과를 유발하며, 다양한 생물학적인 효과들을 유발하는 원인이 된다. 초음파의 기계적 효과는 조직내의 미세진동에 의한 기계적 효과로 인해 혈액 및 조직액에서 작은 기포들이 초음파의 진동에 의해 수축 확장되면서 형성되는 공동화 현상에서 비롯된다. 안정적 공동화는 세포의 막 투과성과 활동을 증가시키지만 불안정 공동화는 조직을 손상시킨다. 또한 공동화에 의해 발생하는 국소 전류에 의해 진동하는 가스 덩어리 근처에 있는 소포 소기관에 회전력과 웅력이 강해져 조직액의 운동을 유발시킨다. 결과적으로 초음파 빔 영향 하에서는 조직액을 한 방향으로 흐르게 하여 막 투과성 이온운동 및 세포활동을 증가시키는 효과가 나타난다. 이러한 기계적 효과는 높은 강도, 낮은 주파수, 지속성 양식에서 최대화되며 초음파의 피부적용은 세포와 조직의 막 투과성을 변화시켜 약물의 피부투과 속도를 증가시키고 조직 내 분배를 촉진시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 물리치료 분야에서 임상적으로 널리 이용되는 초음파의 조사가 유발된 염증의 개선에 미치는 영향을 실험하였다. 흰쥐의 대퇴부 손상 후 초음파를 처치한 실험에서 대조군에 비하여 유효한 백혈구, 호중구 및 림프구, LDH, CPK의 감소를 나타내었다. 손상조직에 대한 초음파 적용이 단순한 대조군의경우보다 우수한 조직회복을 나타내었다. 조직염증 개선효과에 대한 실험에서 손상 후 72시간 후에는 그 효과가 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 이상의 실험결과 in vivo에서 초음파의 조사는 염증의 유의성있는 감소와 조직손상의 빠른 회복에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대되어 단순한 초음파 조사가 피부미용분야에서 임상적으로 유용할 수 있다는 근거로 제시될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Recently ultrasound treatment was adopted to aesthetic fields from physical therapy domain. The biophysical effects of ultrasound are generated by the mechanical effects resulting from microvibration or micromassage in the process that ultrasound passes through a living body. One of the mechanical effects of ultrasound is the cavitation phenomenon that is formed in the process that small air bubbles are constricted and expanded in tissue fluids and its blood by the vibration of ultrasound. To investigate the effects of ultrasound on injured muscle following determination of variation of blood contents. Following muscle injury phonophoretic group the number of WBC and LDH activity were decrease significantly compared with control group. The result of variation of neutrophil, change of lymphocyte, serum CPK confirm the phonophoretic effect as same pattern with the number of WBC.

CHRK1 RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE CONTAINS A CHITINASE-RELATED SEQUENCE IN ITS EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN, WHICH HAS A SPECIFIC BINDING ACTIVITY FOR CHITIN MOLECULES

Kim, Youn-Sung,Yoon, Gyeong-Mee,Cho, Hye-Sun,Park, Sung-Hwan,Pai, Hyun-Sook Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 1998 Proceedings the 2nd Korean-Germany joint symposium Vol.1998 No.-

We have isolated a gene encoding a chitinase-related receptor-like kinase from Nicotiana tabacum, which was designated CHRK1. The cytoplasmic domain of CHRK1 is highly homologous to the kinase domains of other receptor-like kinases and contains all of the conserved amino acids for serine/threonine protein kinases. The extracellular domain is most highly related to class V chitinase of tobacco and exochitinases from Bacillus circul and Serratia marcescens, but not to other classes of chitinases in higher plants. CHRK1 transcripts are present in flowers and leaves, but almost undetectable in roots and stems. CHRK1 mRNA accumulation in leaves is strongly stumulated by infiction of tobacco mosaic virus. However, treatments of fungal elicitiors, chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, ethylene, BTH or methyl jasmonate do not result in transcriptional induction of the gene. The amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the chitinase domain of CHRK1 lacks an essential Glu residue required for chitinase activity. When the chitinase domain was expressed in E. coli, the recombinant protein did not show any chitinase activity for oligomeric as well as polymeric chitin as substrates. However, it exhibited a specific binding activity to chitooligosaccharides, as determined by fluorescence polarization and competition analyses. The apparent Kd for MU- chitotriose is 800nM. It also showed the weak binding to chitin polymer. The recombinant kinase domain of CHRK1, but not the mutant form, underwent autophosphorylation, suggesting that CHRK1 encodes a functional kinase. Finally, CHRK1 was found to be localized in membranes in plant cells and the transgenic yeast expressing CHRK1 gene. These results and the unique structure of CHRK1 suggest that CHRK1 may encode a receptor for chitooligosaccharide elicitor in pathogen-related signal transduction pathway.