흰쥐의 방사선 피폭후 생물학적 지표로서의 혈액효소

김진규,김상복,김국찬,천기정,김인규,박효국,이강석 대한방사선 방어학회 1993 방사선방어학회지 Vol.18 No.2

생물학적 선량평가를 위한 생화학적 지표 연구로서 흰쥐 혈액내 효소활성도의 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) Alkaline phosphatase 활성도는 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy의 방사선 조사후 24시간까지 혈액내 활성도가 증가하였고 72시간 경과시에는 대조군과 비슷한 활성도를 보였다. Creatine kinase는 2, 4 Gy 방사선 조사후 혈액내에서 활성도에서 활성도가 72시간까지 증가하였으나 0.1, 0.25Gy, 0.5 Gy 방사선 조사시에는 커다란 변화를 보이지 않았다. 2) Malate dehydrogenase 활성도는 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy 방사선 조사시에는 커다란 변화가 없었으며 lactate dehydrogenase는 방사선 조사후 활성도가 감소하였다. 3) GOT의 활성도는 선량률 0.1Gy/min.로 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy 조사후에는 어떠한 변화도 없었으며 선량률 0.5 Gy/sec.로 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy로 조사후에는 증가현상을 보이고 있다. Acid phosphatase 활성도는 상기의 어떠한 선량에서도 나타나지 않고 있다. 잠재적으로 이러한 효소들은 방사선 피폭의 지표물질로 사용될 수 있으며 생화학적 지식과 기술을 이용한 좀더 나은 지표물질을 찾기 위하여 계속적인 조사가 필요하다. Enzyme activity changes in rat blood as biochemical indicator useful for evaluating exposure dose were experimentally studied. The experimental results obtained are as follows: 1) Alkaline phosphatase activities increased in the blood serum until 24 hours after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2 and 4 Gy irradiation and its activities returned mormal condition after 72 hours of post-irradiation. Creatine kinase activities increased in the blood serum until 72 hours after 2 and 4 Gy irradiation but any significant activity changes were not detected after 0.1, 0.25 Gy irradiation. 2) Malate dehydrogenase activities did not reveal available changes changes after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy irradiation and lactate dehydrogenase activities decreased in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy irradiation. 3) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase activity changes were detected in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy(0.1 Gy/min.) and GOT activities increased after 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy(0.5 Gy/sec.). Any acid phosphatase activities were detected in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy(0.1 Gy/min.) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy(0.5 Gy/sec.) irradiation. Potentially some of these enzymes can be used as indicator protein for radiation injury. Futher investigation is needed to find better biochemical indicatiors utilizing recent knowledge and techniques of biochemistry.

Ki-1 임파종 1 예

김용진,김경재,박재복,이지현,안기성,강민모,최석문,황기석 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.4

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever with chillness and anarexia for 12 weeks. Physical examination revealed supraclavicular lymphadenopathy and left inguinal lymphadenopathy. Abdominal CT scan showed the evidence of maked lymphadenopathy on retraperitoneal, external iliac, obturator, left inguinal, and celiac lymph nodes. A pathologic diagnosis of Ki-1(+) lymphoma was made by the biopsed supraclavicular lymph node because the node consisted of large cells with pleomorphic nuclei, scanty cytoplasm, large basophilic nucleoli, atypical vacuoli and large cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, Ber-H2, marker, and B-cell marker.

우라늄 투여후 간조직에서의 효소활성도의 변화

김국찬,이강석,김진규,김인규,박효국,천기정,김상복 대한방사선 방어학회 1993 방사선방어학회지 Vol.18 No.2

우라늄 피폭후 효소활성도가 내부피폭의 biomarker로서의 가능성을 연구하기 위하여 수서생물인 잉어9Caprinus carpio)의 복강내 우라늄 투여시 간조직에서 일어나는 여러가지 효소계의 변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 효소활성도의 변화는 우라늄 내부피폭의 biomarker로서 가능성을 가지고 있으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 6일째까지 우라늄을 주사하여 적출한 간에서의 전체단백질량은 계속 감소하고 있다. 2) 세포내의 lysosome내에 함유하고 있는 acid protease와 β-glucuronidase의 활성도는 6일째 투여후까지 활성도가 감소하고 있다. 3) Alkaline phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투여후까지 증가하고 있으며 반대로 acid phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투여후까지 활성도가 급격히 증가하였고 glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase의 활성도는 완만하게 증가하고 있다. 4) Creatine kinase의 활성도는 완만한 감소를 보이고 있으며 malate dehydrogenase는 첫번 우라늄 투여후에 활성도가 급격히 감소하였고 3일째 우라늄 투여후에는 활성도가 거의 나타나지 않았다. We examined various enzyme activity changes by intraperitioneal injection uranium in the carp liver. These enzyme activity changes can be used as biochemical indicators of internal exposure to uranium. The results were followings ; 1) Total protein concentration decreased by intraperitoneal injection in the carp liver. 2) Lysosomal acid protease and β-glucronidase activities increased in the liver until sixth intraperitoneal injection of uranium, but lysosomal acid phosphatase activities decreased in the liver until the sixth injection of uranium. 3) Alkaline phosphatase activities sharply increased and Glutamate oxaloacetate Transaminase activities steadily decreased in the liver until the sixth injection of uranium. 4) Creatine %kinase activities steadily decreased and malate dehydrogenase activities sharply decreased in the liver after the primary injection of uranium. Any malate dehydrogenase activities was not detected after sixth injection of uranium.

고 조리서에 수록된 만두의 종류와 조리법에 관한 고찰 : 1600년대부터 1950년대까지 발간된 고 조리서를 중심으로 Focused on the Old Cooking Books issued in 1600 to 1950

김기숙,이미정,한복진 동아시아식생활학회 1999 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Motivated by a need to provide the basic data of standard recipes for Korean traditional food, Mandoo, this paper explores a historic research about the development of Mandoo classified by Mandoo-crust, Mandoo-filling, spice & condiment, garnish, size & shape and unit for measuring ingredients. The data for this study are obtained from the major old cooking books published in the period 1670-1957, such as 「Eumsikdimibang」, 「Leejogoongjoungyoritonggo」, and so on. The results of this study show that (1) starch, buckwheat flour and flour were used as Mandoo-crust and egg was added in order to improve cohesion, (2) cooked pheasant and beef were used as Mandoo-filling, (3) ginger had been used more generally than garlic as spice & condiment and later red pepper powder was added and pine nut was also widly used, (4) pan-fried meat, egg, and mushroom were used as garnish, (5) Mandoo of different kinds existed and had various sizes and shapes, (6) unit for measuring ingredients began to appear on printing in 1939. These findings provide us with opportunity, which leads to making the standard recipes for Mandoo so that anyone can easily have resources for cooking the traditional food, Mandoo.

증기발생기 세관 와전류 탐상 신호해석을 위한 주성분 분석

김영환,송성진,김의래,임창재,김기복,최영환 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.1

증기발생기(SG) 세관은 그 가동 특성상 결함이 발생할 가능성이 매우 높으며 이들의 건전성 확보는 원자력 발전소의 안전을 위해서는 필수적이다. 이들의 가동중검사에는 ECT가 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 bobbin coil probe를 사용한 원전 SG 세관 ECT신호를 해석하기 위해서 신경회로망을 이용하였다. ECT의 특징을 추출하였고, 이들 중에서 단일특징 분류성능을 분석하여 유용한 특징을 선택하였으며, 또한 주성분분석을 이용하여 유용한 특징들을 정의하였다. 이와 같이 정의된 특징들로 정의된 신경회로망을 학습시키고, 학습된 신경회로망으로 미지의 결함신호에 대해서 결함의 분류와 크기 산정을 수행하였다. 수치해석으로 만들어진 모사 ECT신호에 대해서 적용한 결과, 주성분분석으로 정의된 특징들을 사용하는 경우에 보다 적은 수의 특징을 사용함에도 불구하고 신호해석의 성능이 향상되었다. 따라서, 주성분 분석은 ECT신호와 같은 다변량 데이터를 처리하는데 매우 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

대도시 청소년 체격의 발육발달과 표준체중에 관한 연구

김성만,손흥기,김복현 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 1995 體育學論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The Purpose of this study is to analyzing the developing process of physique during the 12 years regression equation standard body weight according to the age and body height and also we analyzed the distribution status of normal body weight and obesity weight in 17-year old high school students. A total of 1,423 samples(male:723, female: 701, born between March 1, 1977∼February 28, 1978) and the students who were randomly selected in big city of north of Jeola province, The result of our analysis are as follows: 1.Measurement of Physique ①The steady growth showen 14 year of male and 12-year of female in body height, 14-year of male and 13-year of female In body weight, 15-year of male and 13-year of female In chest-girth, since then the growth and development linear curve is more showness. ②During the 12year of school age, the rate of growth were 55.12cm(47.4%) of male 44.80cm(38.9%) of female in body height 43.59(214.5%) of male, 35.20kg(180.8%) female in body weight and 3.83cm (55.48%) of male, 28.11cm(50.70%) of female in chest girth. ③The age of maximum rapids growth were 12∼13 years old(7.36 ± 2.52cm) of male 10∼ 11years old (6.81± 1.88cm) of female In body height, 12∼13years old(6.14±3.37kg) of male, 11∼12 years old(5.49±2.67kg) in body weight and the chest-girth were 13∼14years old(4.34± 3.20cm) in male, 11∼12 years old(5.01 ± 3.80cm) in female. ④The age of cross over between male and female were 9.7∼ 11.7 years old in body height, 11.5∼ 13.5 years old in chest-girth and there is on cross over in body weight. ⑤The body height of 17-year old was 171.68∼5.56cm in mate and 159.92±4.85cm in female, body weight was 63.91±8.89kg in male and 54.67±6.74kg in female and the chest-girth was 89.20±5.94cm in male 83.55 ± 5.27cm in female. ⑥Physical growth and development was more remarkable improvement than 1980' Physique especially the age of adolescence. 2.Standard body weight by regression equation ①Correlation coefficient of r=0.469-0.760 between body height and body weight in male and r=0.347-0.793 in female. ②Regression equation of standard body weight were found in 17-year old and the equation were y =0.749X+64.791 in male, y=0.484X+22.800 in female. ③The distribution of normal body weight were 63.1% in male and 76.2% in female, over weight were 10.4% in male and 9.3% in female and the obesity weight were 6.9% in male and 3.4% in female.

미세가공 정전용량형 초음파 탐촉자 개발 (Ⅰ) : 진동 막 거동 분석 Analysis of the Membrane Behavior

김기복,안봉영,박해원,김영주,이승석 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.5

본 연구는 고효율 비접촉 초음파 송수신이 가능한 미세가공 정전용량형 츠음파 탐촉자(cMUT)를 개발하기 위한 기초연구로 수행되었다. cMUT의 주요 구성요소인 미세 진동 막의 거동-공진 주파수, 막 번위, 막 붕괴 변위, 막 붕괴전압을 이론적인 해석과 유한요소해석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 진동 막의 두께와 크기, 회생층 두께, 전극의 두께와 크기 등과 같은 cMUT의 설계인자를 검토하였다. 분석결과 진동 막의 공진주파수는 진동 막의 두께가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으며 직경에 따라서는 감소하였다. 직류 마이어스 전압이 증가함에 따라 진동 막의 변위는 증가하였으며 진동 막의 붕괴전압을 분석하였다. This study was conducted to develope a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) which enable to high efficient non-contact transmit and receive the ultrasonic wave in air. Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis of the behavior of membrane (such as resonance frequency, membrane deflection, collapse deflection and collapse voltage) of the cMUT were performed. The design parameters of the cMUT such as the dimension and thickness of membrane, thickness of sacrificial layer, thickness and size of electrode were estimated. The resonance frequency of the membrane increased as the thickness of the membrane increased but decreased as the diameter of the membrane increased. The deflection of the membrane increased as d-c bias voltage increased. The collapse voltage of the membrane was analyzed.

청주 및 충북지역소재 무역상사의 최신개정 무역거래조건 및 신용장 통일규칙의 보급이용도측정과 그들 상사사용무역영어적절성에 관한 연구

김복문,고석하,백대기,김주엽 충북대학교 산업경영연구소 1991 産業과 經營 Vol.4 No.2

D-Xylose로 부터 Lactococcus lactis에 의한 젖산 생산

김기복,김병용,권윤중 京畿大學 社會科學硏究所 2001 경기대학교 기초과학논문집 Vol.14 No.1

열린교육에서의 교사의 역할

김주복,김기민 창원대학교 학생생활연구소 1995 학생생활연구 Vol.8 No.-

This study attempts to investigate the roles of teachers in open education (OE), which is a kind of reform movement in formal education, especially in elementary education. The method of this study is based on documents. But the difference between this study and the previous studies may be that this is concerned with both the theories and practices in OE. To do this, we are requested to answer the following four questions: (ⅰ) What is the theoretical background of OE? (ⅱ) What is the practical aspect of OE? (ⅲ) What are the roles of teachers in OE? (ⅳ) What are the meaning involved in the roles of teachers in OE? Theoretically, OE has to do with an educational thought developed through the history of western education i.e., vivid education through meaningful learning. OE assumes the human being as follows: (ⅰ) A human is an individual being with uniqueness. (ⅱ) A human bears the need of self-actualization. (ⅲ) A human can be equipped with the autonomy and self-identity. Based on the above assumptions, OE may be defined as a kind of education which develops the personality and creativity of the learner through the way that a learner is respected as a person. The characteristics of OE are (ⅰ) open organization which considers the learner's aptitude, interest and ability, (ⅱ) open human relationship where the relation between teacher and learner is not authoritarian but democratic, and (ⅲ) open curriculum where teacher regards the curricuium not as solid but as flexible. The bssic principles of OE are the freedom rule which means to permit the learner to choose educational activities, the environment rule to provide the learner with the educative environment for the significant learning, the individual instruction rule to orient meaningful learning considering the traits of learner, and the respect rule to regard the learner as a person. In OE of England, the government leaves the considerable discretion to the principals and the teachers in curriculum implementation. They usually emphasize the integrated curriculum. OE in Americal focuses on team-teaching, individual instruction, and open space for special educational activities, allowing voluntary aids to care for the class. OE in Japan is restructured to maximize the learner's personality and individuality, emphasizing team-teaching, and considering the peculiarities of region, school and class. The aim of OE in Korea shown in the pervious studies on the practices of OE is to develop the learner's potentialities and traits, directing him to realize self-actualization. The content of curriculum should be organized flexibly, considering the individual characteristics of the learner. But the educational activities in the classroom are required to abide by the formal curriculum offered by the Ministy of Education. The process of instruction-learning can enable the to develop his abilities by adopting the various teaching methods or materials and animating the interaction between teacher and learner. On investigating both the theoretical and the practical aspects of OE, the roles of teacher in OE may be summarized as follows: (ⅰ) the administration of flexible curriculum, (ⅱ) the pursuit of individual instruction, (ⅲ) the guidance of learning to learn, (ⅳ) the adoption of various educational activities and the allowance of learner's free activities, (ⅴ) the use of various groupings and learning scenes, (ⅵ) the application of cooperative instruction i.e. team-teaching and interaction, (ⅶ) the practical use of volunteers and human resources. I am sure that OE is a field where learner's personality can be respected, and learning to learn acquired under open circumstances. The reason why OE is important may be that it can provide a progressive strategy to solve the educational problems existing in present schooling. As a matter of fact, Schools adopting OE are changing from the employment of uniform teaching method to the application of various teaching methods. At first the OE as a reform movement in Korea was led not by the compelling of educational establishment but by the awakening of educational grass-roots. And now OE is supported by many teachers, parents and the authorities concerned. In concluding, what is teacher in OE may be defined as follows: (ⅰ) the authority who can run the curricuium flexibly, (ⅱ) the expert who can apply the various teaching methods considering both the subjects and the learner, (ⅲ) the guide who can direct learning to learn. In a sense, The roles of teacher in OE are equal to the roles of good teacher emphasized by the educational theories and proctices.