어린상사(Younger Boss)가 구성원의 태도에 미치는 영향 : 심리적 계약위반과 리더 정당성의 역할

김기춘 ( Kim Kichoon ),김미경 ( Kim Mikyoung ),문재승 ( Moon Jaeseung ) KNU기업경영연구소 2021 기업경영리뷰 Vol.12 No.1

최근 능력 위주의 승진 문화 확산 등으로 인해 이른바 ‘나이 어린상사’가 늘고 있으나, 나이에 따른 서열 체계가 익숙한 직장인들은 이런 새로운 흐름에 상당한 스트레스를 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 어린상사와 같이 근무하는 것에 대해 구성원이 스트레스를 받는 가장 큰 원인은 바로 자신의 위치에 대한 ‘심리적 불안감’이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 심리적 불안감은 궁극적으로는 이직으로 연결될 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 어린상사의 영향에 관한 논의와 실증 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 어린상사에 대한 구성원의 심리적 계약위반 지각을 통해 직무열의에 미치는 과정을 탐색하고, 리더 정당성이 심리적 계약위반 지각에 미치는 조절영향을 탐색하고자 한다. 이에 따라 설정한 가설을 검증하기 위해 다양한 기업에 근무하는 254명으로부터 수집한 설문을 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 첫째, 어린상사는 구성원의 심리적 계약위반에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 심리적 계약위반은 직무열의에 부정적 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 어린상사와 직무열의의 관계에서 심리적 계약위반의 매개효과가 확인되지 않았다. 넷째, 어린상사와 심리적 계약위반 관계에서 리더 정당성의 조절효과가 확인되었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 제시하면서 향후 연구방향을 제안하였다. Recently, the number of so-called “young bosses” has been increasing due to the spread of a promotion culture focused on ability, but it was found that office workers who are familiar with the hierarchy according to their age are under considerable stress from this new trend. The biggest reason why employees are stressed about working with a young boss is ‘psychological anxiety’ about their position. This psychological anxiety can increase the turnover rate and ultimately lead to retirement. However, there are few empirical studies on these young bosses. Therefore, this study seeks to explore the process that affects work engagement through the perception of organizational members’ psychological contract violations toward young bosses, and explores the moderating effect of leader legitimacy on the relationship between younger boss and psychological contract violations. For this, hypotheses were established based on previous studies. To verify the hypothesis, we collected and analyzed questionnaires from 254 employees working at various companies in Korea. As a result of empirical analysis, first, the young boss did not have a significant effect on the members’ psychological contract violation. Second, psychological contract violation had a significant effect on work engagement. Third, the mediating effect of psychological contract violation was not significant on the relationship between young boss and work engagement. Fourth, the moderating effect of the leader legitimacy on the relationship between the young boss and the psychological contract violation was significant. Based on the research results, theoretical and practical implications were discussed and future research directions were suggested.

유니버설 디자인 중심의 철도서비스 개선 방안 연구

김현주(Hyunju Kim),김기춘(Kichoon Kim),김진희(Jinhee Kim),배현옥(Hyunok Bae) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

유니버설 디자인은 교통약자를 포함하여 다양한 계층의 사람들이 동등한 입장에서 동일한 방법으로 제품, 시설, 서비스 등을 사용 할 수 있게 설계하는 것이다. 선진국의 경우 30년 전부터 유니버설 디자인 개념을 적용한 연구 및 기술개발이 국가차원에서 진행되었으며, 국내의 경우 2009년 공공디자인과 유니버설 디자인의 통합된 개념이 정책적으로 확립되어 최근 경기도 유니버설 디자인 가이드라인 및 서울시 유니버설 디자인 국제세미나 등을 통해 유니버설 디자인의 의미와 가치가 확산 되고 실제 현장의 유니버설 디자인 적용에 많은 관심을 보이고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 철도 이용객을 위한 국내외 유니버설 디자인 적용사례를 조사하고 시설, 제도 등 서비스 분야별로 비교분석하여, 유니버설 디자인중심의 철도서비스 개선 방안을 도출하고자 한다. Universal design refers to broad-spectrum design ideas directed to provide products, facilities and services that are accessible equally to all walks of life embracing people with disabilities and those without them. As for advanced economies, the research and development on technologies based on the concept of universal design had been initiated on a government level about three decades ago. In Korea, the integrated concept of public design and universal design first met with the organized policies from 2009. Of late, the implications and values of universal design have been expanded through the Universal Design Guideline by Gyeonggi Province and the International Seminar on Universal Design by Seoul Municipality, heightening the public"s interest on how the concept can actually be applied on a working level. In this regard, this study aims to derive solutions on improving the railroad service centered on universal design by surveying the examples of universal designs for the railroad users in and outside of Korea and by comparing/analyzing the facilities and systems based on this concept by service sectors.

Sensory Quality and Histochemical Characteristics of Longissimus Thoracis Muscles between Hanwoo and Holstein Steers from Different Quality Grades

Jae Yeong Kim,Boin Lee,Dong Hwan Kim,Kichoon Lee,Eun Joong Kim,Young Min Choi 한국축산식품학회 2021 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.41 No.5

This study compared the meat quality characteristics, palatability, and histochemical characteristics of low-marbled Hanwoo and Holstein steers of different beef quality grades (1, 2, and 3). No differences were observed in muscle pH24 h and cooking loss between the groups (p>0.05); however, quality grade 1 of Hanwoo steers (HA1) showed a darker muscle surface compared to grade 1 of Holstein steers (HO1) (30.9 vs. 33.9, p<0.05). The HA2 group exhibited a lower value of Warner-Bratzler shear force compared to the HO1 and HO3 groups (60.8 vs. 69.2 and 87.8 N, p<0.001). For sensory quality attributes, steaks from the HA1 group showed higher scores of softness, initial tenderness, and amount of perceptible residue than steaks from the HO1 group (p<0.001). Within the quality grade 2, Hanwoo steers had a higher score of softness compared to Holstein steers (p<0.001). There were no differences in juiciness and flavor intensity between Hanwoo and Holstein steers at the same quality grade (p>0.05). This difference in tenderness attributes between the breeds within the quality grade was associated with morphological traits of muscle bundle, and Hanwoo steers had smaller bundle area (0.37 vs. 0.50 mm2, p<0.05) and higher fiber number per bundle (88.2 vs. 121, p<0.05) compared to Holstein steers. Therefore, bundle characteristics of longissimus thoracis muscle can be crucial for explaining factor for the explanation of tenderness variations between different breeds at the same beef quality grade or marbling.

Generation of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knocked-out transgenic cloned pigs with knocked-in five human genes

Kwon, Dae-Jin,Kim, Dong-Hwan,Hwang, In-Sul,Kim, Dong-Ern,Kim, Hyung-Joo,Kim, Jang-Seong,Lee, Kichoon,Im, Gi-Sun,Lee, Jeong-Woong,Hwang, Seongsoo Springer International Publishing 2017 Transgenic research Vol.26 No.1

<P>Recent progress in genetic manipulation of pigs designated for xenotransplantation ha6s shown considerable promise on xenograft survival in primates. However, genetic modification of multiple genes in donor pigs by knock-out and knock-in technologies, aiming to enhance immunological tolerance against transplanted organs in the recipients, has not been evaluated for health issues of donor pigs. We produced transgenic Massachusetts General Hospital piglets by knocking-out the α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GT) gene and by simultaneously knocking-in an expression cassette containing five different human genes including, DAF, CD39, TFPI, C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), and TNFAIP3 (A20) [GT<SUP>−(DAF/CD39/TFPI/C1-INH/TNFAIP3)/+</SUP>] that are connected by 2A peptide cleavage sequences to release individual proteins from a single translational product. All five individual protein products were successfully produced as determined by western blotting of umbilical cords from the newborn transgenic pigs. Although gross observation and histological examination revealed no significant pathological abnormality in transgenic piglets, hematological examination found that the transgenic piglets had abnormally low numbers of platelets and WBCs, including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes. However, transgenic piglets had similar numbers of RBC and values of parameters related to RBC compared to the control littermate piglets. These data suggest that transgenic expression of those human genes in pigs impaired hematopoiesis except for erythropoiesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that transgenic expression of up to five different genes can be efficiently achieved and provide the basis for determining optimal dosages of transgene expression and combinations of the transgenes to warrant production of transgenic donor pigs without health issues.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11248-016-9979-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

<b>Concordance between molecular and morphology-based phylogenies of Korean Enhydrosoma (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Cletodidae) highlights important </b><b>synapomorphies and homoplasies in this genus globally</b>.

KARANOVIC, TOMISLAV,KIM, KICHOON,LEE, WONCHOEL Magnolia Press 2015 Zootaxa Vol.3990 No.4

Morphological and molecular affinities of two East Asian species of <i>Stenhelia</i> (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida)

Karanovic, Tomislav,Kim, Kichoon,Lee, Wonchoel Pensoft Publishers 2014 ZooKeys Vol.411 No.-

<P>Abstract</P><P>Definition of monophyletic supraspecific units in the harpacticoid subfamily Stenheliinae Brady, 1880 has been considered problematic and hindered by the lack of molecular or morphology based phylogenies, as well as by incomplete original descriptions of many species. Presence of a modified seta on the fifth leg endopod has been suggested recently as a synapomorphy of eight species comprising the redefined genus <I>Stenhelia</I> Boeck, 1865, although its presence was not known in <I>S. pubescens</I> Chislenko, 1978. We redescribe this species in detail here, based on our freshly collected topotypes from the Russian Far East. The other species redescribed in this paper was collected from the southern coast of South Korea and identified as the Chinese <I>S. taiae</I> Mu & Huys, 2002, which represents its second record ever and the first one in Korea. A fragment of the mtCOI gene was successfully PCR-amplified from two specimens of each species, which represents the first molecular data for this genus, and from additional 19 specimens belonging to six different species of other stenheliins from Korea and Russia. Reconstructed phylogenies confirm previously postulated monophyly of <I>Stenhelia</I> and polyphyly of the closely related genus <I>Delavalia</I> Brady, 1869. Average pairwise maximum likelihood distances between <I>S. pubescens</I> and <I>S. taiae</I> are only slightly above 10%, suggesting a very close relationship despite numerous newly discovered micro-morphological differences and despite macro-morphological similarities being probable plesiomorphies.</P>

A new species of <i>Harpacticella</i> Sars, 1908 ( Copepoda , Harpacticoida ), from a tidal pool on Jeju Island, Korea

Lee, Seunghan,Kim, Kichoon,Lee, Wonchoel Pensoft Publishers 2014 ZooKeys Vol.445 No.-

<P>Abstract</P><P>A new species of the genus <I>Harpacticella</I> Sars, 1908 is described from a tidal pool on Jeju Island, Korea. <I>Harpacticellajejuensis</I><B>sp. n.</B> is closely related to <I>Harpacticellaitoi</I> Chang & Kim, 1991, with regard to the structure of P1 exp-1 and enp-1, the length of P1 exp-1 and exp-2, and the setal number of the P5 exopod in males. However, the new species is clearly distinguishable from <I>Harpacticellaitoi</I> by the combined following characters: six setae on the P5 exopod in females, one naked seta on the inner margin of P1 exp-2, the short endopod of P1 compared to the exopod, and a naked long seta on the proximal inner margin of the P5 exopod of males. The mtCOI partial sequence is provided as a DNA barcode for the new species.</P>

화차소요량 판단의 객관성 확보를 위한 적정 회귀일 산정

하오근(Ohkeun Ha),김기춘(Kichoon Kim),공현덕(Hyunduk Kong),최성필(Sungpil Choi) 한국철도학회 2013 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

화차 회귀일은 화차 소요 판단시 반영되는 지표로서 현재 철도공사에서 적용하고 있는 회귀일은 화물운송 및 운영특성을 고려하지 못하고 담당자의 주관적 판단 하에 목표조정 회귀일을 설정하여 적용하고 있는 상황이다. 이렇듯 화차 투자심의시 적용되고 있는 목표 조정 회귀일에 대한 객관성 부족에 대한 지적이 지속적으로 제기되고 있어 모두가 공감할 수 있는 객관적인 화차 회귀일 산정의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 철도화물 운송에 활용되는 화차의 소요량 판단시 적용할 수 있는 화차 회귀일의 적용기준을 산정하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 화차 회귀일의 개념 및 특징을 살펴보고 주요 화물역을 대상으로 회귀일 단축을 위한 의견조사를 통해 운영 및 인프라부분의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 끝으로 과거 5 년간(‘08~’12 년) 화차운송 프로세스별 소요시간 자료를 이용하여 차종별 회귀일을 산출하고 작업일수 변화에 따른 화차소요량 변화를 분석하였다. Wagon return days are an indicator reflected when the wagon quantity required is judged. The return days currently applied by Korean Railroad Corporation have been set as target adjusted return days under subjective judgment by persons in charge without considering the characteristics of freight transportation and operation. The lack of objectivity of the target adjusted return days applied to wagon investment deliberation has been continuously has been continuously pointed out and thus the necessity of calculations of objective wagon return days that can win the sympathy of everybody has been increasing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prepare the standard for application of wagon return days that can be applied when judging the required quantity of wagons utilized in railway freight transportation. To this end, the concept and characteristics of wagon return days were examined and measures to improve the operation of infrastructures were presented through a survey of opinions for shortening return days. Finally, return days by car type were calculated using data on time required by wagon transportation process over the last five years(2008~2012) and changes in wagon quantity required according to changes in the number of working days were analyzed.

Two unrecorded species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from Korea

Jung-Ho Hong,김형근,Kichoon Kim,이승한,이강현,WonchoelLee 국립생물자원관 2023 Journal of species research Vol.12 No.2

Two known species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 were collected from marine sediments of the sublittoral zone in the East Sea, Korea and described and illustrated. Dorylaimopsis variabilis Muthumbi, Soetaert and Vincx, 1997, which was originally described from the Kenyan coast in the Indian Ocean, is recorded from the East Sea, Korea for the first time; there are only slight differences in amphidial fovea turns, body length, body width and relative length of tail. Setosabatieria hilarula (De Man, 1922), Platt, 1985, which was originally described from the North Sea, is recorded from the East Sea, Korea for the first time; there are only slight differences in the number of precloacal supplements, the relative length of tail and the posterior portion of tail. We provide pictorial keys for determination of valid species in the genera Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen, 1918 and Setosabatieria Platt, 1985. This is the first description of the genus Dorylaimopsis and Setosabatieria from Korean waters.

군화물 철도수송 운임 현실화에 관한 연구

하오근(Ohkeun Ha),김기춘(Kichoon Kim),김현주(Hyunju Kim),문용우(Yongwoo Mun) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

군화물(건설 1)은 2012 년 기준으로 213 천 톤을 수송하였고 철도화물 전체 물동량인 40,309 천 톤의 0.5%로 극히 적은 비중을 차지하고 있으나 군수물자의 원활한 수송을 담당하고 있어 국가적으로는 매우 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 대표적인 비 채산성 화물인 군화물은 철도공사 전환 이후 수입대비 비용이 약 2.45 배로 군화물 수송원가 개선에 대한 모색이 필요한 상황이다. 군화물은 다역발, 다역착 수송구조를 가지고 있고 발송량이 적으며, 비정기적 운행특성이 강하여 고비용이 발생하는 상황으로 투입비용과 수송수입을 바탕으로 원가를 보전하기 위한 적정 운임산정이 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 군화물 철도수송운임의 현실화를 위해 군화물 전용선구간을 대상으로 적정 운임수준을 산정하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 군화물 수송열차의 원가분석 및 현장조사를 통해 원단위 산정하고 군화물 수송의 영업수지 개선을 위한 적정 운임수준을 도출하였다. Military cargo is 213 thousand tons by 2012 rail freight transport was 40,309 million tons of total cargo volume of 0.5%, accounting for a very small proportion of military supplies , but it is responsible for the smooth transportation of a very national significant role. Representative of military cargo freight railroad construction cost of conversion is about 2.45 times compared to the income group is looking for freight cost reduction is a necessary condition. Station to the military cargo , transport structures have sent Station tinted amount small, and strong characteristics of non- regular service happens to input costs, high cost and transportation cost on the basis of income to conserve freight calculation is required for the proper situation. In this study, the realization of military cargo for freight rail transportation group dedicated freight target interval to calculate the appropriate fare level objectives. For this purpose, groups of freight trains through the per-unit cost analysis and site survey and calculation of military cargo transport proper fare for improving sales levels resin derived.