Ki-67 labeling index as a prognostic marker in advanced stomach cancer

Sang Hyuk Seo,Kwang Hee Kim,Sang Hoon Oh,Yunseon Choi,Ki Jung Ahn,Ji Young Lee,Sang Min Lee,박지선,Woo Gyeong Kim 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.96 No.1

Purpose: Proliferation marker Ki-67 is widely used in cancer prognosis prediction. We tried to investigate the role of Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in stomach cancer after surgery in this study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 251 patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer from 2010 to 2015. In pathologic examination, Ki-67 labeling index was defined as the percentage of Ki-67 antigen positive cells. Prognostic significance of Ki-67 for gastric cancer was evaluated. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed as a primary end-point. Results: The median follow-up period was 28.0 months. Thirty-one patients (12.4%) showed Ki-67 labeling index (LI) lower than 25%. Sixty-eight patients (26.6%) showed recurrence during follow-up period. Recurrence was associated with Ki- 67 LI level (≤25%, P = 0.016), and lymph node metastasis status (P = 0.002). High Ki-67 LI level (>25%) was also related to p53 positivity (P < 0.001) and poorly cohesive type (P = 0.002). The 3-year DFS was 69.4%. Low Ki-67 LI level (≤25%) was related with low DFS (47.6% vs. 72.6%, P = 0.016). T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P = 0.006), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.010), and neuronal invasion (P = 0.001) also affected the DFS. In addition, T stage (P = 0.03) and Ki-67 LI (P = 0.035) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 239, 93.4%), low Ki-67 (≤25%) was a poor prognostic factor for DFS (P = 0.013). Conclusion: Low Ki-67 LI predicts high rate of progression and low DFS of stomach cancer. Ki-67 LI can be a predictive marker in resected stomach cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

農業勞動力의 變化가 農作物 作付體系에 미치는 影響

金基赫 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1986 社會科學論叢 Vol.5 No.2

During 1970s, agricultural land use in Korea has been fundamentally changed with the economic development in this period. Rural-urban migration occurred with economic development have resulted from the structural shift from the agricultural to the industrial sector of labour. With this outmigration which means the decrease of food consumption in agricultural regions, market has become an important factor in changing the character of agricultural regions which has been traditionally in self-sufficient conditions. Outmigration from rural areas in Korea is characterized by age and education selectivity in its procedure, and this selectivity has had an effects on the productivity of labour and the corp-combination system. The main purpose of this study, from the above problem statement, is to analyze the impact of changes of labour structure on the crop-combination system. The analytic procedures are as follows. Data, harvested areas of each crop, farm population and household, farm population structure by age and farm manager structure by educational attainment acquired from the report of 1970 and 1980 agricultural censuses. For ratios of change of each variable, data in 1970 are modified because of variation of unit areas between those time span. 181 administrative regions, si and gun, are used for statistical unit area. Data proceedings for computation were conducted at Seoul National University Computer Center using Fortran Language, cluster analysis program package and SPSS. Quantitative methods applied in data analysis are cluster and canonical correlation analysis. Changes of crop-combination system are identified through regionlization using cluster analysis. Relations between the independent variable set, structure of agricultural labour, and the dependent variable set, changes of crop-combination system, are explained through canonical correlation analysis. In these contexts, this study has come to the following conclusion. In the regional classification procedure, 181 unit areas are fused four crop-combination types in seven dimensional space (see Fig. 1,2). In the regional distribution of these types, it is confirmed that the regional structure of agriculture has changed in relation to Seoul metropolitan area, like the change of national settlement system during 1970s. These patterns are related to changes of agricultural labour structure significantly (see Tab. 2,3,4). That is, the decreased of dry-field crop cultivation are to age structure and increased of market-oriented crop cultivation are to educational attainment structure of labour. These results show the role of productivity determined by age and education in the change of crop-combination system. Thus those signify that the educational attainment has an important role rather than the age composition in changing the agricultural contexts and that the education can be used for the effective tool in affirmative development policy in rural areas.

지리학 논문 목록 DB (Geoarti) 소개

김기혁 釜山大學校 사범대학 지리교육과 1993 釜山地理 Vol.2 No.1

제왕절개술의 전신마취 유도중 전완고립술과 Bispectral Indes를 이용한 마취깊이의 평가

김계민,이윤석,연준흠,임윤희,홍기혁,최원주,김정원 대한정맥마취학회 2000 정맥마취 Vol.4 No.3

음악요법이 산부인과 수술환자의 활력징후와 마취회복 및 동통에 미치는 영향

김혜숙,이철갑,정혁,김기순 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2002 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.27 No.1

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of music therapy on anesthetic recovery, vital signs and pain control for postoperative patients in the recovery room as a nursing intervention. Methods: We compared 35 experimental groups who received music therapy with 35 control groups. All of the subjects were obstetric and gynecological operation patients. The experimental and control groups were observed for the level of anesthetic recovery (PAR score), the frequency of supplement analgesic use for pain control, and vital signs at arrival and after 15, 30, 60 minute in recovery room. Statistical data analysis using repeated measures ANOYA and x^2-tests were performed. Result; Vital signs did not show a significant difference when comparing the two groups except for the respiration rate. For anesthetic recovery, there were significant changes in respiration state in the experimental group compared to the control group. The frequency of analgesics administration was significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group by music therapy. The 63 % of the experimental group responded comfortably and peacefully in subjective feelings. Conclusion: This study showed the effects o3 music therapy, which applied to helping postoperative patients recover from anesthesia and reducing the frequency of supplement analgesic use for pain. It is recommended to apply music therapy right after surgery in the recovery room as a nursing intervention if a patient wants.

釜山市 아파트 居住地域의 形成過程과 地域類型 硏究

金基赫,薛普景 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1992 社會科學論叢 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of formation and locational characteristics of apartment residential area in Pusan. As attempts to understand the process of residential differentiation in intra-urban area, analysis was proceeded from a point of view of the housing supply. Materials for the supply aspect were acquired through the statistical data of public housing. Through the time-series and mapping analysis of the amount of apartment building using the number of households, process of formation of apartment residential area was identified. For the identification of geographical pattern of apartment area, cluster analysis was proceeded. Data were transformed by administrative units (Dong), and eight variables, which were judged to be suitable for the regionalization, were used. The major findings of this study can by summarized as follows ; The construction of apartments in Pusan was initiative in the downtown area in 1941, and grew rapidly in the mid 1970's. This was due to the housing problem caused by population growth in th period of economic development. During the first and second stages (1941∼1973) apartments were of small scale and low level because of lack of capital and limitation of construction technology. In this period only the Shiyoung apartment which was provided for the low class was built in large scale. Apartment built in this stages was distributed near the downtown area or along to the east coastal area. During the third and fourth stages (1974∼1986), apartments of large scale, high level, high quality were built. In this period apartments were built by private construction companies reflecting social and economical situations for the housing markets and by government's investment to solve the housing problem. In this stages speculative investment ran into the housing market. In the third stage (1974∼1982), the construction of apartments expanded throughout the whole city, and large scale apartments are distributed significantly in the outswall area. During the fourth stage(1983∼1986), spatial differentiation became evident in the form of concentric patterns around the CBD and sub-CBD as the centers. The Fifth period(1987∼1989), the supply of housing decreases due to an overall economic recession, the real-estate stability policy of the government, and the shortage of building lot in Pusan. But in this stage through the housing application system was construction of apartment led by government. During this stage, the construction occurred in near the central places rather than in the outwall areas. By cluster analysis, five genenic regions were derived and the characteristics of each regions were very different. The apartment in Pusan are distributed not concentric patterns but along the main streets because of landform environment. This is also parallel to area which have good traffic conditions close to the central place or work place (accessibility) or outwalls which are comfortable to live in (amenity). These results of this study show that the differentiation of the residential area in Pusan related to the housing supply. The housing supply is closely related to such factors as the economic conditions, government policies, decision of construction companies, the accessibility to the central place and the living condition of neighboring areas.

목표설정 : 운동수행에 미치는 영향에 대한 이론적 기저와 연구동향, 문제점 및 과제

김윤래,석혁기 강원대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.23

This study aims to present the study tendency about goal-setting, limitation, theoretical foundation, and future direction affecting on the motor performance and self-motivation. On the goal-setting theories are John Locke's goal-setting one(1967,1968), Gerland's cognitive meditation one(1985), Burton's competitive goal-setting one(1992), and Locke's theory didn't clarify the process accepting the goal and the effect influnced by the goal. Garland's cognitive meditative theory is very short of supporting this theory in the diverse sports environments, and Burton's competitive goal-setting theory lacks practical study and the softness of the challenge level by the situation. Therefore, to generalizing the goal-setting model by two theories above includes some problems. There are the specificity, the proximity, the mixing of the goal-setting and the knowledge of the result and interval goal-setting methods in the study about the goal setting. According to these study tendencies, it is very dominative the report that the goal is effective when the goal is quantitative and concrete, and the knowledge of result is supported, and that the goal, shorter than longer, and the interval goal affect the motor performance positive. But, there are eight problems in the study method as followings, 1) the skills that learners themselves plan the goal ate not used, 2) the study that controls the other goals except for the supported goal was not performed, 3) the error in the specificity of the goal and the management of the difficulty, 4) the failure of the feedback control about the task, 5) the failure in the handling of the difficulty in the short and longer goal-setting and the absence of the interval goal establishment, 6) the lack of the study about considering the precision of the knowledge of results in case of the study mixing the goal and the knowledge of the results, the KR delay interval, the pose-KR delay interval, the frequency and so on. 7) the competitive factors can influence on the effect of the performance because the experiment was conducted in the social situation. 8) the lack of the study about psychological variables on the basis of the goal-setting. Therefore, the task that is required to apply the goal-setting effectively is presented as following: 1) the study that controls the other goals except that the researcher presented is needed. 2) the goal should be established on the basis of the level of the learner's task perform and the study that control the intrinsic feedback is needed. 3) the short goal, the middle one, and the long one by considering the ability of learner's perform task should be established, the study to can mix these goals is needed. 4) the study that clarify the effect of the goal-setting and the interaction by considering the precision of the knowledge of result, the proximity, the KR delay interval, the post-KR delay interval, the frequency and so on is needed. 5) the study of considering the control of the competitive effect is needed. 6) the study as to whether the change of the psychological factors by the goal-setting and the method of the goal-setting, which includes self goal-setting, the difficulty, the proximity, the knowledge of the result + the goal-setting and the interval goal setting, are most effective in the motor performance and the study that mix these kinds of factors should be needed.

척추 수술시 자가혈액 수혈기를 이용한 자가수혈의 효과

김명호,유문집,유석주,박진영,정홍근,박희곤,문기혁 단국대학교 2000 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

Study Design : Spine fusion with fixation procedure is associated with substantial operative blood loss, which frequently necessitates transfusion. The authors evaluated the safety and efficacy of intraoperative autotransfusion using Cell Saver during spinal surgery. Summary of Literature Review : It has been reported that the contraindications to the use of intraoperative autologous transfusion are malignancy, infection, and gross wound contamination. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraoperative autotransfusion using Cell Saver during spine surgery. Material and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 62 patients who had operation for lumbosacral spinal stenosis and hypotensive anesthesia. Among them, Group Ⅰwhich received autotrans fusion using Cell Savers included 26 patients with fusion of 2 segments, and Group Ⅱ as control group included 13 patients. Group Ⅲ which received autotransfusion using Cell Savers included 17 patients with function of 3 segments, and Group Ⅳ as control group included 6 patients. We analyzed the amount of intraoperative blood salvage using a Cell Saver, the amount of total homologous transfusion amount, intraoperative blood loss, the amount of postoperative drainage amount and perioperative changes of hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count. Results : There was no statistical significance between Cell-Saver group and control group in amount of total homologous transfusion and intraoperative(except in 2 segment of fusion using cell saver: 86.5% increased) & postoperative blood loss(p>0.05). The circulatory balance(amount of intraoperative blood salvage using a Cell Saver plus amount of total homologous transfusion minus amount of total blood loss) was statistical significance between Cell-Saver group and Control group. The Cell-Saver group had positive balance and Control group had negative balance. There were no statistical differance in the evolusion of hemoglobin, hematoocrit and platelet count between Cell-Saver group and Control group(p>0.05). There was no transfusion reaction and thromboembolic disease in all group. Conclusion : In retrospective study, Cell Savers was safe and immediate availability in orthopedic surgery such as spinal surgery. It was effective methods for storing a sufficient volume of blood for spine surgery without affecting the patient's postoperative hemodynamic ststes, too. It was possible to operation without intraoperative homologous blood transfusion in 2 or 3 segment fusion. We may need further study.

문장 구성에서 단위의 문제

김기혁 연세대학교 국어국문학과 1985 연세어문학 Vol.18 No.-

보조동사의 생산성

김기혁 연세대학교 국어국문학과 1983 연세어문학 Vol.16 No.-