AVO-derived attributes to differentiate reservoir facies from non-reservoirs facies and fluid discrimination in Penobscot area, Nova Scotia

Perveiz Khalid,Nisar Ahmed,Khalid Amin Khan,Mustansar Naeem 한국지질과학협의회 2015 Geosciences Journal Vol.19 No.3

The discrimination of hydrocarbon (gas or oil) facies from non-hydrocarbon (wet sands) facies is an important goal in quantitative seismic interpretation and reservoir estimation. The differentiation of hydrocarbon facies from non-hydrocarbon in Mississauga Formation of early Cretaceous in Penobscot area is a difficult task due to smaller net pay thickness and shaly sand intervals. Based on seismic interpretation and wireline logs, five sand plays are identified in the middle of Mississauga Formation. Four sands have hydrocarbons while top of sand 5 represents hydrocarbon water transition zone. Among these four, the pay sand 4 is analyzed for hydrocarbon facies. Wireline logs and seismic data are used to derive various amplitude versus offset (AVO) based attributes such as: acoustic (IP) and shear (IS) impedances, Poisson ratio (σ) etc. Further, the combined attributes e.g., product of Lamé parameters (μ, λ) with density (ρ), their ratio (λ/μ), difference between bulk modulus (K) and shear modulus (μ), Δμρ/μρ, Δ(λ/μ + 2)(λ/μ + 2) and the pore space modulus (ΚP) are also analyzed to find out the best attribute as a hydrocarbon facies discriminator from non-hydrocarbon facies in the shale imbedded pay sand 4 of Mississauga Formation. First, petrophysical parameters such as P and S wave impedances, Lamé’s parameters etc. are extracted from log data. Then, appropriate pairs of seismic attributes are crossplotted so that the hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon facies cluster together for quick identification and interpretation. Gamma ray index is crossplotted against spontaneous potential log to mark sand and shale facies. Fluid substitution modeling for various fluid types and saturation is also done which demonstrate that the cross-plots between different rock physics parameters can be used to distinguish between reservoir fluids. Our analysis reveals single P-wave based attributes are not sufficient to discriminate fluids thus the use of multi-attributes such as KP, λρ and Κ-μ is more effective to discriminate the hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon facies. The analysis of these cross-plots was done to map the reservoir sands and the hydrocarbon-water contact.

Spin polarization and magneto-dielectric coupling in Al-modified thin iron oxide films -microwave mediated sol-gel approach

Sidra Khalid,Saira Riaz,Samia Naeem,Aseya Akbar,S. Sajjad Hussain,YB Xu,Shahzad Naseem 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.103 No.-

Production of single-phase materials with multifunctional properties is still a challenge faced by materialscientists. In addition, obtaining high spin polarization efficiency in the materials that exhibit multifunctionalproperties is a big issue. A novel approach is suggested in this work for obtaining multifunctionalityand spin polarization in the same material. This approach has combined the effect of microwave radiationsand aluminum (Al) doping in iron oxide thin films during synthesis. Combined effect of microwaveradiations and Al doping results in controlling / tuning the structural transitions in iron oxide thin films. Pristine and 2–10 wt% Al doped iron oxide thin films are prepared and studied in detail. Raman analysisshows that 2 and 4 wt% Al concentration results in c-Fe2O3 + Fe3O4 phase with 71.3% and 64.5% of c-Fe2O3content, respectively. XRD and Raman analyses confirm the transition from c-Fe2O3 to Fe3O4 thin films atAl concentrations of 6–10 wt%. Structural transformation shows that microwave radiations catalyzes thatAl3+ions to occupy the vacancies on B sites of iron oxide thus, lead to the formation of Fe3O4. Observationof Verwey transition ~ 126 K also supports the transition in phases of iron oxide with increase in saturationmagnetization from 251.3emu/cm3 (pristine films) to 405.6emu/cm3 (8 wt% Al concentration). Highdielectric constant of ~ 135.5 (log f = 5.0) is observed for 8 wt% Al concentration. Conductivity anddetailed impedance & modulus analyses depict Mott’s hopping phenomenon along with presence of differentrelaxation times. Coupling between magnetic and dielectric properties is observed at room temperature. Magnetoresistance curves indicate spin polarization efficiency of ~24%.

Trends and Analysis of Cancer Incidence for Common Male and Female Cancers in the Population of Punjab Province of Pakistan during 1984 to 2014

Masood, Khalid,Masood, Andleeb,Zafar, Junaid,Shahid, Abubaker,Kamran, Mujahid,Murad, Sohail,Masood, Misbah,Alluddin, Zafar,Riaz, Masooma,Akhter, Naseem,Ahmad, Munir,Ahmad, Fayyaz,Akhtar, Javaid,Naeem, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.13

Background: The Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Cancer Registry (PAECCR) program has made availability of a common cancer incidence database possible in Pakistan. The cancer incidence data from nuclear medicine and oncology institutes were gathered and presented. Materials and Methods: The cancer incidence data for the last 30 years (1984-2014) are included to describe a data set of male and female patients. The data analysis concerning occurrence, trends of common cancers in male and female patients, stage-wise distribution, and mortality/follow-up cases is also incorporated for the last 10 years (2004-2014). Results: The total population of provincial capital Lahore is 9,800,000. The total number of cancer cases was 80,390 (males 32,156, females 48,134). The crude incidence rates in PAECCR areas were 580.8/$10^5$ during 2010 to 885.4/$10^5$ in 2014 (males 354.1/$10^5$, females 530.1/$10^5$). The cancer incidence rates for head and neck (15.70%), brain tumors (10.5%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, 9.53%) were found to be the highest in male patients, whereas breast cancer (46.7%), ovary tumors (6.80%), and cervix (6.31%) cancer incidence rates were observed to be the most common in female patients. The age range distribution of diagnosed and treated patients in conjunction with the percentage contribution of cancer patients from 15 different cities of Punjab province treated at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Lahore are also included. Leukemia was found to be the most common cancer for the age group of 1-12 years. It has been identified that the maximum number of diagnosed cases were found in the age range of 51-60 years for males and 41-50 years for female cancer patients. Conclusions: Overall cancer incidence of the thirty years demonstrated that head and neck and breast cancers in males and in females respectively are the most common cancers in Punjab province in Pakistan, at rates almost the highest in Asia, requiring especial attention. The incidence of brain, NHL, and prostate cancers among males and ovarian and cervix cancers among females have increased rapidly. These data from a major population of Punjab province should be helpful for implementation of appropriate planning, prevention and cancer control measures and for determination of risk factors within the country.

U-Pb zircon systematics of the Mansehra Granitic Complex: implications on the early Paleozoic orogenesis in NW Himalaya of Pakistan

Mustansar Naeem,Jean-Pierre Burg,Nasir Ahmad,Muhammed Nawaz Chaudhry,Perveiz Khalid 한국지질과학협의회 2016 Geosciences Journal Vol.20 No.4

Mansehra Granitic Complex (MGC) lies in the NW Himalaya of Pakistan. The MGC magmatic rocks are peraluminous, calc-alkaline S-type granitoids. Prior to this study the Mansehra Granite had produced ages of 83 Ma by K/Ar, 215 Ma using Ar/ Ar on biotite, and 516 ± 16 Ma, using the whole rock Rb/Sr method. The Susalgali Granite Gneiss, a sheared facies of the Mansehra Granite previously regarded as older than the Mansehra Granite, was dated at 79 Ma using K/Ar on biotite. Hakale Granite, which is intrusive into the Mansehra Granite, had yielded K/Ar muscovite age of 165 Ma. The age of the leucogranites was not reported before this contribution. We have presented the revised geochronology of the MGC magmatic bodies, employing SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon chronometry, to constraint precise crystallization ages and tectonic setting of the NW Himalaya, Pakistan. Dates of emplacement of the Mansehra Granite, leucogranites and Hakale Granite are ca. 478, 475 and 466 Ma, respectively. These new ages are comparable to U-Pb zircon and Rb/Sr dates of other granites and granite gneisses in the Lesser Himalaya to the east, in India, Nepal, south Tibet and SW China. The age components of ca. 1900–1300, 985–920, 880–800 and 690–500 Ma are interpreted as inherited grains. Geochronological and field evidence suggest that the MGC of the NW Himalaya are the product of an Andean-type Cambro-Ordovician accretional orogenesis with continental-continental settings along the northen margin of east Gondwana. On the basis of new age data of the MGC plutonic rocks it is inferred that Cambro-Ordovician accretional event commenced from SW China and extends at least up to NW Pakistan along the northern margin of east Gondwana. However, granitic rocks of Pan African affiliation prevail in central Iran and Turkey along northern and western margins of Gondwana.

Biofortification of Iron in Chickpeas by Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria

Saira Khalid,Ana Aslam,Hafiz Naeem Asghar,Zahir Ahmad Zahir 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Novel concepts of soft sets with applications

Muhammad Riaz,Khalid Naeem,M. Ozair. Ahmad 원광대학교 기초자연과학연구소 2017 ANNALS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS Vol.13 No.2

We introduce different concepts of soft sets, including soft $\sigma$-ring, soft algebra, and soft $\sigma$-algebra. We present different types of set functions, including soft finitely sub-additive, soft countably sub-additive, soft finitely additive, soft countably additive and soft monotone. We study the concept of soft outer measure and soft Lebesgue outer measure. We also describe interesting applications of soft mappings to decision-making.

Are colony developmental stages of bumblebee, Bombus terrestris (hymenoptera: apidae) affected by different concentrations of sugar and honey solutions?

Imran, Muhammad,Ahmad, Munir,Naeem, Muhammad,Mahmood, Khalid,Nasir, Muhammad,Aslam Sheikh, Umer Ayyaz Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2017 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.34 No.2

Bumblebees, more efficient than honeybees, provide important services for pollination especially in tomato, pepper, cucumber, strawberries and other crops grown under tunnel farming or glasshouse conditions to yield maximization. These bees require pollen and nectar to meet their dietary needs and maintain their colony structure, development and reproduction. Keeping in view their economic importance, the effect of five concentrations of sugar and honey solutions (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 2:1,1.5:1) each as alternative to nectar were used to observe their effect on life history parameters of Bombus terrestris. The 1:1 ratio of sugar solution was found most effective followed by 1.5:1, 1:1.5, 1:2 and 2:1 and also more effective of all five concentrations of honey solutions on all three stages of colony development i.e., at colony initiation, colony development and colony maturation stages. At colony initiation stage, early pre-oviposition period ($6.40{\pm}0.97$ days), early emergence of first worker in the first batch ($25.40{\pm}1.21$ days) and maximum numbers of workers ($6.20{\pm}0.24$) emergence in the first batch were observed at 1:1 ratio of sugar solution. Colonies reared on 1:1 ratio of sugar solution reached earlier ($52.13{\pm}1.28$ days) at colony foundation stage with minimum mortality ($3.27{\pm}0.54$ workers). At colony maturation stage, maximum numbers of workers, sexual (males, queens) and maximum mother queen longevity was observed at the same 1:1 ratio of sugar solution. It can be suggested from present study that sugar solution as alternative of nectar at 1:1 ratio was better than other sugar concentration levels and also from those of honey solution.

Anti-hypernociceptive effects of methanol extract of Boswellia dalzielii on STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain

Marius Mbiantcha,Rauf Khalid,Donatien Albert Atsamo,Isaac S. Njoku,Arif Mehreen,Gilbert Ateufack,Dar Hamza,William Yousseu Nana,Rehman Ur Naeem,Ahmad Izhar 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.3

Painful neuropathy that can cause hyperalgesia and allodynia is the most common and debilitating complication of diabetes. Both hyperglycemia and oxidative stress clearly play a key role in the progression of diabetic neuropathy. The search for new natural products with combined anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antinociceptive properties is important in the treatment of this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-hypernoceptive effect of the methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Thus, the mice were injected with 200 mg/kg of streptozotocin to produce hyperglycemia. Von Frey filaments, hotplate, acetone and formalin tests were used to evaluate anti-nociceptive activity. Assays of catalase, SOD, MDA and NO determined the antioxidant properties. When administered, methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced licking/biting behavior during the first and second phase of the formalin test in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, this extract significantly improved the glycemia of diabetic mice, it also significantly decreased the levels of TNF alpha, IL-1 beta in the serum and the sciatic nerve, decreased the levels of MDA and NO, and then increased the activity of SOD and catalase enzymes. Our results suggest that methanolic extract of Boswellia dalzielii can be a useful therapeutic agent, presumably for both prevention and reversal of pathophysiologic pain. This effect seems to imply hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of this plant.

Diversity of pollinators and their role in the pollination biology of chickpea, Cicer arietinum L. (Fabaceae)

Abdul Latif,Saeed Ahmad Malik,Shafqat Saeed,Naeem Iqbal,Qamar Saeed,Khalid Ali Khan,Chen Ting,Hamed A. Ghramh 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important source of food for people worldwide. In the current study, we studied its pollination biology with special reference to floral visitors along with their visitation rate, frequency and pollen load during 2012 and 2013. We also explored the effect of floral visitors on the capsule weight, seed weight, seed numbers and seed germination. Results revealed three bees, two wasps, five flies, one moth and three butterfly species on the flowers of chickpea. Apis dorsata, A. florea, Amegilla sp. and Eristalinus aeneus were the major species with 434–474, 223–311, 69–74 and 81–136 individuals, respectively in both years. Floral visitors differed significantly in term of visitation frequency with A. florea as the most frequent visitor (9.13–9.86 visits/flower/5 min) followed by E. aeneus (5.43–5.58 visits/flower/5 min) and A. dorsata (1.72–2.31 visits/ flower/5 min) in both years. Similarly, A. florea had statistically highest visitation rate (16.85–19.99 flowers visited/min) followed by E. aeneus (9.73–10.68 flowers visited/min). A. dorsata had significantly higher pollen load on its body (84629–85,104 pollen grains) followed by A. florea (64940–65,135 pollen grains) and Amegilla sp. (64020–65,120 pollen grains). The open-pollinated flowers had significantly higher capsule weight (0.27 ± 0.01 g), seed weight (0.18 ± 0.01 g), seed numbers (1.67 ± 0.07 seeds) and seed germination (95 ± 1.38%) as compared to flowers deprived of pollinators in cages. The results suggested A. florea, A. dorsata and E. aeneus could be effective pollinators of chickpea. Hence these three species can be properly utilized on commercial scale to increase crop yield.

Are colony developmental stages of bumblebee, Bombus terrestris (hymenoptera: apidae) affected by different concentrations of sugar and honey solutions?

( Muhammad Imran ),( Munir Ahmad ),( Muhammad Naeem ),( Khalid Mahmood ),( Muhammad Nasir ),( Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh ) 한국잠사학회 2017 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.34 No.2

Bumblebees, more efficient than honeybees, provide important services for pollination especially in tomato, pepper, cucumber, strawberries and other crops grown under tunnel farming or glasshouse conditions to yield maximization. These bees require pollen and nectar to meet their dietary needs and maintain their colony structure, development and reproduction. Keeping in view their economic importance, the effect of five concentrations of sugar and honey solutions (1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 2:1,1.5:1) each as alternative to nectar were used to observe their effect on life history parameters of Bombus terrestris . The 1:1 ratio of sugar solution was found most effective followed by 1.5:1, 1:1.5, 1:2 and 2:1 and also more effective of all five concentrations of honey solutions on all three stages of colony development i.e., at colony initiation, colony development and colony maturation stages. At colony initiation stage, early pre-oviposition period (6.40± 0.97 days), early emergence of first worker in the first batch (25.40±1.21 days) and maximum numbers of workers (6.20±0.24) emergence in the first batch were observed at 1:1 ratio of sugar solution. Colonies reared on 1:1 ratio of sugar solution reached earlier (52.13±1.28 days) at colony foundation stage with minimum mortality (3.27±0.54 workers). At colony maturation stage, maximum numbers of workers, sexual (males, queens) and maximum mother queen longevity was observed at the same 1:1 ratio of sugar solution. It can be suggested from present study that sugar solution as alternative of nectar at 1:1 ratio was better than other sugar concentration levels and also from those of honey solution.