In vivo dosimetry and acute toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing intraoperative radiotherapy as boost

Lee, Jason Joon Bock,Choi, Jinhyun,Ahn, Sung Gwe,Jeong, Joon,Lee, Ik Jae,Park, Kwangwoo,Kim, Kangpyo,Kim, Jun Won The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: To report the results of a correlation analysis of skin dose assessed by in vivo dosimetry and the incidence of acute toxicity. This is a phase 2 trial evaluating the feasibility of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost for breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Eligible patients were treated with IORT of 20 Gy followed by whole breast irradiation (WBI) of 46 Gy. A total of 55 patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 month after WBI were evaluated. Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) detected radiation dose delivered to the skin during IORT. Acute toxicity was recorded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0. Clinical parameters were correlated with seroma formation and maximum skin dose. Results: Median follow-up after IORT was 25.9 weeks (range, 12.7 to 50.3 weeks). Prior to WBI, only one patient developed acute toxicity. Following WBI, 30 patients experienced grade 1 skin toxicity and three patients had grade 2 skin toxicity. Skin dose during IORT exceeded 5 Gy in two patients: with grade 2 complications around the surgical scar in one patient who received 8.42 Gy. Breast volume on preoperative images (p = 0.001), ratio of applicator diameter and breast volume (p = 0.002), and distance between skin and tumor (p = 0.003) showed significant correlations with maximum skin dose. Conclusions: IORT as a boost was well-tolerated among Korean women without severe acute complication. In vivo dosimetry with OSLD can help ensure safe delivery of IORT as a boost.

Predictive factors of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis in primary and metastatic lung tumors treated with stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy

Kangpyo Kim,Jeongshim Lee,Yeona Cho,Seung Yeun Chung,Jason Joon Bock Lee,Chang Geol Lee,Jaeho Cho 대한방사선종양학회 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: Although stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is widely used therapeutic technique, predictive factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) after SABR remain undefined. We aimed to investigate the predictive factors affecting RP in patients with primary or metastatic lung tumors who received SABR. Materials and Methods: From 2012 to 2015, we reviewed 59 patients with 72 primary or metastatic lung tumors treated with SABR, and performed analyses of clinical and dosimetric variables related to symptomatic RP. SABR was delivered as 45–60 Gy in 3–4 fractions, which were over 100 Gy in BED when the α/β value was assumed to be 10. Tumor volume and other various dose volume factors were analyzed using median value as a cutoff value. RP was graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03. Results: At the median follow-up period of 11 months, symptomatic RP was observed in 13 lesions (12 patients, 18.1%), including grade 2 RP in 11 lesions and grade 3 in 2 lesions. Patients with planning target volume (PTV) of ≤14.35 mL had significantly lower rates of symptomatic RP when compared to others (8.6% vs. 27%; p = 0.048). Rates of symptomatic RP in patients with internal gross tumor volume (iGTV) >4.21 mL were higher than with ≤4.21 mL (29.7% vs. 6.1%; p = 0.017). Conclusions: The incidence of symptomatic RP following treatment with SABR was acceptable with grade 2 RP being observed in most patients. iGTV over 4.21 mL and PTV of over 14.35 mL were significant predictive factors related to symptomatic RP.

Predictive factors of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis in primary and metastatic lung tumors treated with stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy

Kim, Kangpyo,Lee, Jeongshim,Cho, Yeona,Chung, Seung Yeun,Lee, Jason Joon Bock,Lee, Chang Geol,Cho, Jaeho The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: Although stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is widely used therapeutic technique, predictive factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) after SABR remain undefined. We aimed to investigate the predictive factors affecting RP in patients with primary or metastatic lung tumors who received SABR. Materials and Methods: From 2012 to 2015, we reviewed 59 patients with 72 primary or metastatic lung tumors treated with SABR, and performed analyses of clinical and dosimetric variables related to symptomatic RP. SABR was delivered as 45-60 Gy in 3-4 fractions, which were over 100 Gy in BED when the ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ value was assumed to be 10. Tumor volume and other various dose volume factors were analyzed using median value as a cutoff value. RP was graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03. Results: At the median follow-up period of 11 months, symptomatic RP was observed in 13 lesions (12 patients, 18.1%), including grade 2 RP in 11 lesions and grade 3 in 2 lesions. Patients with planning target volume (PTV) of ${\leq}14.35mL$ had significantly lower rates of symptomatic RP when compared to others (8.6% vs. 27%; p = 0.048). Rates of symptomatic RP in patients with internal gross tumor volume (iGTV) >4.21 mL were higher than with ${\leq}4.21mL$ (29.7% vs. 6.1%; p = 0.017). Conclusions: The incidence of symptomatic RP following treatment with SABR was acceptable with grade 2 RP being observed in most patients. iGTV over 4.21 mL and PTV of over 14.35 mL were significant predictive factors related to symptomatic RP.

SOA 기반의 U-City 서비스 통합 아키텍처

이강표(Kangpyo Lee),임영석(Youngseok Lim),안재민(Jaemin Ahn),유진수(Jinsoo You),김형주(Hyoung-Joo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2010 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.16 No.3

최근 각광 받고 있는 SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture)는 서비스 지향 아키텍처로서, 소프트웨어 개발 및 응용의 새로운 패러다임이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 서비스 통합의 중요성이 강조되는 U-City 사업에서 SOA를 기반으로 다양한 서비스들을 효과적으로 관리, 제어할 수 있는 통합 아키텍처를 제시한다. SOA의 주요 특징이라고 할 수 있는 느슨한 결합, 표준 기반, 그리고 분산 컴퓨팅은 U-City 사업의 다양한 서비스를 통합하여 제공하기 위한 필수적인 요소들이다. 본 연구에서는 SOA의 이러한 특징들을 반영하기 위해 통합 플랫폼인 ESB(Enterprise Service Bus)를 이용하였는데, ESB는 상호 이질적인 컴포넌트와 시스템을 연결함으로써 서비스들 간의 통신을 구현하는 SOA의 핵심 모듈이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 U-City 서비스에서 SOA의 필요성과 이를 실제로 구현할 수 있는 가상 시나리오와 구현방법에 대해 논한다. 최종적으로 U-City 통합운영센터를 위한 SOA 기반 통합 아키텍처를 제안한다. SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture), which has become very popular recently, is a new paradigm for software development and application. In this paper, we propose an integrated architecture which is able to effectively manage and control a variety of services for U-City projects focusing on the importance of service integration. SOA has a number of important features such as loose coupling, standard bases, and distributed computing, all of which are the essential elements for merging and providing various services in U-City projects. We exploit the ESB (Enterprise Service Bus) for reflecting those features, which is a core module linking mutually heterogeneous components so that the communication of services can be implemented. In this paper, we discuss the necessity of SOA in U-City services and a possible scenario and method for the implementation. Finally, we propose an integrated architecture for the U-City Integration and Management Center.

RDF(S) 모델에 기반한 다양한 형태의 단백질 데이타베이스 통합

이강표(Kangpyo Lee),유상원(Sangwon Yoo),김형주(Hyoung-Joo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2008 정보과학회논문지 : 데이타베이스 Vol.35 No.2

현재 생물학 분야에는 단백질이라는 동일한 대상에 대해 각기 고유한 의미를 지니고 있는 다양한 형태의 단백질 분석 데이타베이스들이 존재한다. 이렇게 산재되어 있는 이종의 단백질 정보들을 효과적으로 통합한다면 개개의 데이타베이스로부터는 얻을 수 없는 유용한 정보를 도출해낼 수 있다. 생물학데이타의 특성상 이 각각의 정보들은 자신만의 고유한 형태와 의미를 지니는데, 시맨틱 웹 기술의 표준인 RDF(S) 모델을 이용하여 데이타를 기술하면 형태론적인 통합뿐만 아니라 의미론적인 통합까지 이루어낼 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 RDF 통합 스키마에 기반한 새로운 통합 레이어(layer)를 제안하였다. 이를 위해 개념적 모델 차원으로서는 단백질 정보를 중심으로 통합 스키마를 구축하였고, 표현적 모델 차원으로서는 래퍼(wrapper)가 해당 데이타베이스들로부터 필요한 정보를 취하여 동적으로 RDF 인스턴스를 구축하는 방법을 제안하였다. 실제로 이 통합 레이어는 연구자들이 필요로 하는 통합 질의 예제를 성공적으로 처리하여 그 결과를 보여줄 수 있음을 확인하였다. In biological domain, there exist a variety of protein analysis databases which have their own meaning toward the same target of protein. If we integrate these scattered heterogeneous data efficiently, we can obtain useful information which otherwise cannot be found from each original source. Reflecting the characteristics of biological data, each data source has its own syntax and semantics. If we describe these data through RDF(S) models, one of the Semantic Web standards, we can achieve not only syntactic but also semantic integration. In this paper, we propose a new concept of integration layer based on the RDF unified schema. As a conceptual model, we construct a unified schema focusing on the protein information; as a representational model, we propose a technique for the wrappers to aggregate necessary information from the relevant sources and dynamically generate RDF instances. Two example queries show that our integration layer succeeds in processing the integrated requests from users and displaying the appropriate results.

FolksoViz: Wikipedia 본문을 이용한 상하위 관계 기반 폭소노미 시각화 기법

이강표(Kangpyo Lee),김현우(Hyunwoo Kim),장충수(Chungsu Jang),김형주(Hyoung-Joo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2008 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.14 No.4

다수의 사용자들의 협력태깅으로 생성되는 폭소노미는 웹 2.0을 이끌고 있는 대표적인 요소이다. 태그는 어떤 웹 문서를 기술하는 웹 메타데이타라고 할 수 있는데, 협력태깅으로 이루어진 태그들 사이의 의미적인 상하위 관계를 밝혀내 이를 시각화한다면, 사용자들이 문서의 메타데이타를 보다 직관적으로 이해하는 데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 del.icio.us의 태그들을 대상으로 하여, Wikipedia 텍스트를 이용한 태그들간 상하위 관계 산출 기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 태그들이 Wikipeida 텍스트상에서 출현하는 빈도수를 기반으로 태그들간 상하위 관계를 산출하는 통계적인 모델링을 제안하였고, 각각의 태그를 그에 상응하는 Wikipedia 텍스트에 매핑시키는 TSD 기법을 제안하였다. 이렇게 산출된 상하위 관계 짝들은 시각화 기법을 통하여 효과적으로 화면에 표현되었다. 실제로 우리가 제안하는 알고리즘이 태그들간의 상하위 관계들을 높은 정확도로 찾아내었음을 실험을 통해 확인하였다. Folksonomy, which is created through the collaborative tagging from many users, is one of the driving factors of Web 2.0. Tags are said to be the web metadata describing a web document. If we are able to find the semantic subsumption relationships between tags created through the collaborative tagging, it can help users understand the metadata more intuitively. In this paper, targeting del.icio.us tag data, we propose a method named FolksoViz for deriving subsumption relationships between tags by using Wikipedia texts. For this purpose, we propose a statistical model for deriving subsumption relationships based on the frequency of each tag on the Wikipedia texts, and TSD (Tag Sense Disambiguation) method for mapping each tag to a corresponding Wikipedia text. The derived subsumption pairs are visualized effectively on the screen. The experiment shows that our proposed algorithm managed to find the correct subsumption pairs with high accuracy.

In vivo dosimetry and acute toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing intraoperative radiotherapy as boost

Jason Joon Bock Lee,Jinhyun Choi,Sung Gwe Ahn,Joon Jeong,Ik Jae Lee,Kwangwoo Park,Kangpyo Kim,Jun Won Kim 대한방사선종양학회 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.2

Purpose: To report the results of a correlation analysis of skin dose assessed by in vivo dosimetry and the incidence of acute toxicity. This is a phase 2 trial evaluating the feasibility of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) as a boost for breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Eligible patients were treated with IORT of 20 Gy followed by whole breast irradiation (WBI) of 46 Gy. A total of 55 patients with a minimum follow-up of 1 month after WBI were evaluated. Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) detected radiation dose delivered to the skin during IORT. Acute toxicity was recorded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0. Clinical parameters were correlated with seroma formation and maximum skin dose. Results: Median follow-up after IORT was 25.9 weeks (range, 12.7 to 50.3 weeks). Prior to WBI, only one patient developed acute toxicity. Following WBI, 30 patients experienced grade 1 skin toxicity and three patients had grade 2 skin toxicity. Skin dose during IORT exceeded 5 Gy in two patients: with grade 2 complications around the surgical scar in one patient who received 8.42 Gy. Breast volume on preoperative images (p = 0.001), ratio of applicator diameter and breast volume (p = 0.002), and distance between skin and tumor (p = 0.003) showed significant correlations with maximum skin dose. Conclusions: IORT as a boost was well-tolerated among Korean women without severe acute complication. In vivo dosimetry with OSLD can help ensure safe delivery of IORT as a boost.

키토산, 히비스커스 추출물 및 L-카르니틴 함유 식이가 흰쥐의 체중과 지질대사에 미치는 영향

박지영,김경진,이진희,이강표,김미경 한국식생활문화학회 2005 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.20 No.2

This study was performed to investigate effect of feeding experimental mixture containing chitosan, hibiscus extract and L-carnitine on body weight and lipid metabolism in rats. Forty-eight male rats(Charles River CD) of eight weeks old and weighing 336.5±2.3g were raised for five weeks with high fat diet(40% fat as calorie) to induce obesity. After induction of obesity, rats weighing 560.4 ± 5.6g were blocked into four groups according to body weight and raised for eight weeks with diet containing either 0.09%(+1D group), 0.9%(+10D group) or 4.5%(+50D group) of experimental mixture. Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT), total protein and albumin were normal levels in plasma. Body weight gain and epididymal fat pad weight were lower in experimental mixture groups than control group. However, weights of perirenal fat pad and brown adipose tissue were not significantly different among all groups. There was no significant difference in plasma and hepatic lipid levels among all groups. Liver citrate lyase and carnitine acyltransferase activities were not significantly different among all groups, however, citrate lyase activity was tended to be decreased with increasing experimental mixture level in diet. Fecal total lipid and total cholesterol excretions were highest in +50D group, and triglyceride excretion was highest in +1D group. In conclusion, intake of experimental mixture containing chitosan, hibiscus extract and L-camitine was effective in reducing body weight and body fat, and its inhibitory effects might lead to obesity improvement.

태깅 시스템의 태그 추천 알고리즘

김현우(Hyunwoo Kim),이강표(Kangpyo Lee),김형주(Hyoung-Joo Kim) 한국정보과학회 2010 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.16 No.9

웹 2.0 시대에는 웹 상의 사용자들이 수많은 멀티미디어 컨텐츠를 생성함에 따라서 멀티미디어 검색이 더욱 중요하게 되었다. URL, 사진, 동영상과 같은 웹 컨텐츠를 설명하는 간단한 키워드인 태그는, 웹 컨텐츠의 메타데이터 역할을 하고 있다. 태그가 달린 데이터의 양이 많아지면 훨씬 풍부한 메타데이터를 포함한 웹 컨텐츠를 대상으로 검색이 가능하기 때문에 태그를 이용한 검색으로 사용자가 원하는 결과를 찾을 수 있는 가능성이 높아지게 된다. 하지만 실제로 태그를 사용하는 사용자의 수는 많지 않다. 태그를 입력하는 과정이 번거롭기 때문이거나 어떠한 태그를 입력하는 것이 다른 사용자들로부터의 접근성을 높일 수 있는지 모르기 때문이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서, 사용자의 태그 입력 과정을 도와주는 기법인 태그 추천이 연구되었다. 사용자가 어떠한 웹 컨텐츠를 게재하려고 할 때, 태그 추천 시스템이 해당 웹 컨텐츠에 적절한 태그를 추천하면, 사용자는 적절한 태그를 선택하는 것으로 태그 입력이 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 태깅 시스템에서의 다양한 태그 추천 방법론을 분석하고, 분류하였다. In the era of Web 2.0, users create a number of their own Web contents. So, multimedia search becomes much more important than ever. A tag is a simple keyword which describes the Web contents including URL, pictures, and videos. Tags perform a role of descriptors of Web contents and Web metadata properly. If the number of tagged Web data increases, users are more likely to find the desired search result because the system includes the Web contents which have richer Web metadata. However, the number of users who use tags as Web metadata is relatively small. Because of the cumbersome process of adding tags, or users do not know what to add for the better accessibility from the public. Given situation, tag recommendation, which helps the process of adding tags, has been studied to solve these problems. When a user adds some Web contents, the tag recommendation system recommends relevant tags for the Web contents to the use, and the user selects recommended tags. We analyze and categorize various tag recommendation algorithms in tagging system.

협력 태깅 환경에서의 다양한 태그 추천 방법론 비교 연구

김현우(Hyunwoo Kim),이강표(Kangpyo Lee),김형주(Hyoung-Joo Kim) 한국통신학회 2009 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.6