Effect of Resistant Starch on HCl/ethanol-induced Gastric Injury in Rats

Yu Qian,Xin Zhao,Gui-Jie Li,Kai Zhu,Peng Sun,Xia Feng 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.5

Three types of resistant starch (RS) products were purchased for the evaluation of gastric injury preventive effect in Sprague-Dawley rats. We used an animal model to check for gastric injury preventive activities of these RS products in vivo. RS3 reduced the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-α as compared to those of RS2 and RS4. The gastric secretion volumes from high to low order were control rats, RS2-treated rats, RS4-treated rats, RS3-treated rats, and normal rats, whereas pH levels of gastric juice showed the opposite trend. The gastric injury level was significantly decreased by RS, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties, with RS3showing the best anti-inflammatory effect. Gastric tissues of RS3group rats showed significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammation-related genes of iNOS, COX-2,TNF-α, and IL-1β compared with the control group, as shown by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. These results suggest that RS shows a gastric injury preventive effect, with RS3 showing the best inhibitory effect on gastric injury.

Effects of Supplementary Composts on Microbial Communities and Rice Productivity in Cold Water Paddy Fields

( Kai Zhi Xie ),( Pei Zhi Xu ),( Shao Hai Yang ),( Yu Sheng Lu ),( Rui Ping Jiang ),( Wen Jie Gu ),( Wen Ying Li ),( Li Li Sun ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

Cold water paddy field soils are relatively unproductive, but can be ameliorated by supplementing with inorganic fertilizer from animal waste-based composts. The yield of two rice cultivars was significantly raised by providing either chicken manure or cow dung-based compost. The application of these composts raised the soil pH as well as both the total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content, which improved the soil’s fertility and raised its nitrification potential. The composts had a measurable effect on the abundance of nitrogencycling- related soil microbes, as measured by estimating the copy number of various bacterial and archaeal genes using quantitative real-time PCR. The abundance of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria was markedly encouraged by the application of chicken manure-based compost. Supplementation with the composts helped promote the availability of soil nitrogen in the cold water paddy field, thereby improving the soil’s productivity and increasing the yield of the rice crop.

Antibacterial characteristics of glycinin basic polypeptide against Staphylococcus aureus

Jie Yang,Gui-Jin Sun,Ying-Qiu Li,Kai-Yu Cui,Hai Zhen Mo 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

This paper aims to study the antibacterial action of glycinin basic polypeptide (GBP) on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Herein, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GBP against S. aureus was 0.2 mg/mL. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging showed that GBP seriously damaged the morphology of the S. aureus cells. GBP (0.8 mg/mL) enhanced the relative release of β- galactosidase to 25.48% when compared to the control. The activity of the respiratory-chain dehydrogenase of S. aureus decreased with increasing GBP concentration. GBP could cause a leakage of intracellular substances. Additionally, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) demonstrated that S. aureus bacterial proteins decreased in response to the time period of treating the bacterial cells with GBP. These results indicate that GBP could remarkably inhibit S. aureus and is, therefore, a potential food preservative.

Content of Dietary Fiber in Zizania Galls and Its Reaction to Different Types of Fertilizer

Jie-zeng Jiang,Kai-feng Huang,Yu-lian Qin,Kai Yang,Bei-sheng Cao 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Effects of Three Types of Resistant Starch on Intestine and Their Gastric Ulcer Preventive Activities in vivo

Yu Qian,Xin Zhao,Gui-Jie Li,Kai Zhu,Huayi Suo,Peng Sun 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

To examine the effects of three types of resistant starch (RS) on intestinal metabolites, structure and their gastric injury preventive activities, Sprague-Dawley mice were fed diet containing 15% RS for 4 weeks. Response relationships among three types of RS (RS2, RS3, and RS4) food intake, body weight gain, food efficiency, wet weight of cecum (with or not with contents), pH, ammonia production, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration of cecal contents as well as intestinal structure were investigated. All three types of RS had effects on food intake, weight control, lowering of pH, ammonia production in cecal contents, increasing the wet weight of cecum (with or without contents), changes in SCFAs concentration of cecal contents, and physiological structure of small intestine and cecum compared to the control group (common starch-fed rats). RS3group showed minimum weight gain and food efficiency,compared to both the control group and the other two types of RS diet. RS3 group showed more significant lowering of pH,ammonia production, and SCFAs of cecal contents. In addition, all three types of RS shortened villous height, and muscle and mucosal thickening in small intestine, resulting in significantly decreased villous height and mucosal thickness, whereas significantly increased muscle thickness in the cecum. However,they did not cause detectable pathological changes in the small intestine and cecum. Animal model was also used to check its gastric ulcer preventive effects. The gastric ulcer level was significantly down-regulated by RS3, demonstrating its antiinflammatory properties. RS3 reduced the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines of IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γcompared to RS2 and RS4. RS3 increased the somatostatin (SS)and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), decreased the motillin (MOT) and substance P (SP) serum levels. These results suggest that RS3 shows the best gastric ulcer preventive effect.

MicroRNA-146a Enhances Helicobacter pylori Induced Cell Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Epithelial Cells

Wu, Kai,Yang, Liu,Li, Cong,Zhu, Chao-Hui,Wang, Xin,Yao, Yi,Jia, Yu-Jie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection induces apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells, and this occurrence may link to gastric carcinogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanism of H. pylori-induced apoptosis is not clear. MicroRNA-146a has been implicated as a key regulator of the immune system. This report describes our discovery of molecular mechanisms of microRNA-146a regulation of apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells. We found that overexpression of microRNA-146a by transfecting microRNA-146a mimics could significantly enhance apoptosis, and this upregulation was triggered by COX-2 inhibition. Furthermore, we found that microRNA-146a density was positively correlated with apoptosis rates in H. pylori-positive gastric cancer tissues and intratumoral microRNA-146a density was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis among H. pylori-positive gastric cancer patients. Understanding the important roles of microRNA-146a in regulating cell apoptosis in H. pylori infected human gastric cancer cells will contribute to the development of microRNA targeted therapy in the future.

Effects of Three Types of Resistant Starch on Intestine and Their Gastric Ulcer Preventive Activities in vivo

Qian, Yu,Li, Gui Jie,Zhu, Kai,Suo, Hua Yi,Sun, Peng,Zhao, Xin The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

To examine the effects of three types of resistant starch (RS) on intestinal metabolites, structure and their gastric injury preventive activities, Sprague-Dawley mice were fed diet containing 15% RS for 4 weeks. Response relationships among three types of RS (RS2, RS3, and RS4) food intake, body weight gain, food efficiency, wet weight of cecum (with or not with contents), pH, ammonia production, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration of cecal contents as well as intestinal structure were investigated. All three types of RS had effects on food intake, weight control, lowering of pH, ammonia production in cecal contents, increasing the wet weight of cecum (with or without contents), changes in SCFAs concentration of cecal contents, and physiological structure of small intestine and cecum compared to the control group (common starch-fed rats). RS3 group showed minimum weight gain and food efficiency, compared to both the control group and the other two types of RS diet. RS3 group showed more significant lowering of pH, ammonia production, and SCFAs of cecal contents. In addition, all three types of RS shortened villous height, and muscle and mucosal thickening in small intestine, resulting in significantly decreased villous height and mucosal thickness, whereas significantly increased muscle thickness in the cecum. However, they did not cause detectable pathological changes in the small intestine and cecum. Animal model was also used to check its gastric ulcer preventive effects. The gastric ulcer level was significantly down-regulated by RS3, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties. RS3 reduced the levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines of IL-6, IL-12, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IFN-${\gamma}$ compared to RS2 and RS4. RS3 increased the somatostatin (SS) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), decreased the motillin (MOT) and substance P (SP) serum levels. These results suggest that RS3 shows the best gastric ulcer preventive effect.

Preventive effect of Polysaccharide of Larimichthys Crocea Swimming Bladder on Activated Carbon- Induced Constipation in Mice

Gui-Jie Li,Yu Qian,Peng Sun,Xia Feng,Kai Zhu,Xin Zhao 한국응용생명화학회 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.2

Effects of polysaccharide of Larimichthys croceaswimming bladder (PLCSB) on activated carbon-induced constipationin ICR mice were investigated. ICR mice were subjected to oraladministration with lactic acid bacteria for 9 days. Body weight,diet and drinking intake, defecation status, gastrointestinal transit,and defecation time, as well as motilin (MTL), gastrin (Gas),endothelin (ET), somatostatin (SS), acetylcholinesterase (AChE),substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) levels inserum were used to evaluate the preventive effects of PLCSB onconstipation. Bisacodyl, a laxative drug, was used as a positivecontrol. The time to the first black stool defecation for normal,control, bisacodyl-treated (100 mg/kg), 50 and 100 mg/kg PLCSBtreatedmice were 88, 202, 126, 155, and 135 min, respectively. Following the consumption of oral administration of 50 and 100mg/kg PLCSB or bisacodyl (100 mg/kg), the gastrointestinaltransit was reduced to 62.6, 78.3, and 90.2%, respectively. Theserum levels of MTL, Gas, ET, AChE, SP, and VIP weresignificantly increased, and the serum levels of SS were reducedin the mice treated with PLCSB compared with those in theuntreated control mice (p <0.05). These results demonstrate thatPLCSB has preventive effects on mouse constipation and highconcentration of that demonstrated the better functional activity.

Antibacterial characteristics of glycinin basic polypeptide against Staphylococcus aureus

Yang, Jie,Sun, Gui-Jin,Li, Ying-Qiu,Cui, Kai-Yu,Mo, Hai Zhen 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

This paper aims to study the antibacterial action of glycinin basic polypeptide (GBP) on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Herein, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GBP against S. aureus was 0.2 mg/mL. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging showed that GBP seriously damaged the morphology of the S. aureus cells. GBP (0.8 mg/mL) enhanced the relative release of ${\beta}$-galactosidase to 25.48% when compared to the control. The activity of the respiratory-chain dehydrogenase of S. aureus decreased with increasing GBP concentration. GBP could cause a leakage of intracellular substances. Additionally, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) demonstrated that S. aureus bacterial proteins decreased in response to the time period of treating the bacterial cells with GBP. These results indicate that GBP could remarkably inhibit S. aureus and is, therefore, a potential food preservative.

Two-dimensional lamellar phosphogypsum/polyethylene glycol composite PCM: Fabrication and characterization

Jinfen Lou,Kai Zhang,Shuhao Qin,Yang Lei,Yufei Liu,Min He,Jie Yu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.113 No.-

In this work, a nanocomposite phase change material (PCM) has been designed by combining twodimensionallamellar anhydrous calcium sulfate with polyethylene glycol (PEG). We report a facile strategyto controllably fabricate two-dimensional lamellar anhydrous calcium sulfate (LAH) with the averagethickness of 28.63 nm from phosphogypsum (PG) through ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium(Na2EDTA) induction in glycerol and ethylene glycol solutions at 98 C. The obtained 2D lamellarCaSO4 was a slit-type mesoporous material stacked by the nanosheet of calcium sulfate. It has a specificsurface area of 70.02 m2/g, which is 10 times larger than phosphogypsum. Na2EDTA acts as a crystalhabit-directing agent to regulate crystal morphology through nonclassical nanoparticle-mediated crystallizationprocesses, resulting in the crystalline morphology tending to be lamellar. Lamellar anhydrouscalcium sulfate phase change composites (LAHPCMs) were prepared with 2D lamellar anhydrous nano-CaSO4 and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The LAHPCMs had a high latent heat storage capacity (92.99 J/g). Lamellar anhydrous calcium sulfate phase change composites have good thermal stability and durability,structure stability, and good liquid leakage resistance. These results provide the possibility for phosphogypsumto be used for energy storage and thermal insulation.