Numerical study on mixing characteristics of symmetrical and asymmetrical twin jets

Ch. Narendra Kumar,K. P. Sinhamahapatra 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6

This paper aims to examine the effects of orientation and asymmetry on the mixing characteristics of circular and elliptical twin jets produced from sharp orifices. The twin jets that emerged from two similar orifices are termed as symmetrical twin jets, and the twin jets issued from two different orifices are referred to as asymmetrical twin jets. The twin jets are separated by the spacing ratio of 2, and numerical simulations are performed at a Mach number of 0.8 and a Reynolds number based on an equivalent exit diameter of 3.46×10 5 . RANSbased two-equation turbulence model, namely SST k-ω model was used to carry out the simulations. It was observed that the core length is not affected by the orifice orientation. However, the spread rates and velocity decay are sensitive to orifice orientation, and among the tested twin jet configurations, the circular-elliptical major asymmetrical jet experienced the highest decay and spread rates. In addition, the turbulent intensity peak values of asymmetrical twin jets decreased by 8 % compared to symmetrical twin jets.

Grain founder in a male camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Narendra K. Sharma,Sunanda Sharma 대한수의학회 2006 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.7 No.1

Wood`s Light Examination

( Narendra K. Kamath ),( Ganesh Pai ),( Jerome Pinto ) 대한피부과학회 1995 Annals of Dermatology Vol.7 No.4

Design of 16-bit Multiplier Using Efficient Recoding Techniques

K. N. Narendra Swamy,J. Venkata Suman 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.10

Multiplier is the major component for processing of large amount of data in DSP applications. Using different recoding schemes in Fused Add-Multiply (FAM) design for the reduction of power and look up tables. The performance of 16-bit signed and unsigned multipliers were designed and obtained results are tabulated using Efficient Modified Booth Recoding (EMBR) techniques, which can be used for low power applications.

Study of minerals and selected environmentally sensitive elements in Kapurdi lignites of Barmer Basin, Rajasthan, western India: implications to environment

Pramod K. Rajak,Vijay K. Singh,Asha L. Singh,Narendra Kumar,Om P. Kumar,Vishvajeet Singh,Aniruddha Kumar,Rai Ankita,Shweta Rai,Amiya S. Naik,Prakash K. Singh 한국지질과학협의회 2020 Geosciences Journal Vol.24 No.4

The present study is an attempt to know the temporal and spatial distribution of geochemical components in the lignite deposit of Kapurdi, Barmer Basin (Rajasthan). Lignite samples have been subjected to proximate, ultimate and elemental analyses, and determination of mineral carbon (MINC%). Besides, various minerals and functional groups have been analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Selected environmentally sensitive and potential hazardous elements like Cu, Cd, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Mn, Al, Fe and Co are determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). To know the association of minerals with organic matter, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) has also been carried out. The concentration of Co, Ni, Cd, Pb, Na, and K is high when compared with world average and is main concern for the environmental and health hazards. The elements like Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Pb have shown increasing trend from top to bottom of the lignite seam with some fluctuations in the values in few bands whereas others do not follow a definite trend of variation along the seam profile.

Nanostructure controlled sustained delivery of human growth hormone using injectable, biodegradable, pH/temperature responsive nanobiohybrid hydrogel

Singh, Narendra K.,Nguyen, Quang Vinh,Kim, Bong Sup,Lee, Doo Sung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Nanoscale Vol.7 No.7

<P>The clinical efficacy of a therapeutic protein, the human growth hormone (hGH), is limited by its short plasma half-life and premature degradation. To overcome this limitation, we proposed a new protein delivery system by the self-assembly and intercalation of a negatively charged hGH onto a positively charged 2D-layered double hydroxide nanoparticle (LDH). The LDH-hGH ionic complex, with an average particle size of approximately 100 nm, retards hGH diffusion. Nanobiohybrid hydrogels (PAEU/LDH-hGH) were prepared by dispersing the LDH-hGH complex into a cationic pH-and temperature-sensitive injectable PAEU copolymer hydrogel to enhance sustained hGH release by dual ionic interactions. Biodegradable copolymer hydrogels comprising poly(beta-amino ester urethane) and triblock poly(epsilon-caprolactone-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly-(e-caprolactone-lactide) (PCLA-PEG-PCLA) were synthesized and characterized. hGH was self-assembled and intercalated onto layered LDH nanoparticles through an anion exchange technique. X-ray diffraction and zeta potential results showed that the LDH-hGH complex was prepared successfully and that the PAEU/LDH-hGH nanobiohybrid hydrogel had a disordered intercalated nanostructure. The biocompatibility of the nanobiohybrid hydrogel was confirmed by an in vitro cytotoxicity test. The in vivo degradation of pure PAEU and its nanobiohybrid hydrogels was investigated and it showed a controlled degradation of the PAEU/LDH nanobiohybrids compared with the pristine PAEU copolymer hydrogel. The LDH-hGH loaded injectable hydrogels suppressed the initial burst release of hGH and extended the release period for 13 days in vitro and 5 days in vivo. The developed nanohybrid hydrogel has the potential for application as a protein carrier to improve patient compliance.</P>

Genetic Analysis of Pre-weaning and Post-weaning Growth Traits of Mecheri Sheep under Dry Land Farming Conditions

Thiruvenkadan, A.K.,Karunanithi, K.,Muralidharan, J.,Babu, R. Narendra Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.8

Data on 2,365 Mecheri sheep (1,201 males and 1,164 females), maintained at the Mecheri Sheep Research Station, Pottaneri, India, and recorded between 1979 and 2006, were analysed to study the growth related traits and their genetic control. The body weights at different ages (i.e. at birth, weaning (3 months), 6, 9 and 12 months) were recorded and collected from the birth and growth registers maintained in the farm. The average weights of Mecheri sheep at birth, and at 12 months of age were $2.24{\pm}0.01$ and $16.81{\pm}0.15$ kg respectively. The pre- and post-weaning average daily weight gains were $63.84{\pm}0.75$ and $29.52{\pm}0.43$ g respectively. Study revealed a significant difference with the period of lambing on body weight, weight gain and efficiency in weight gain at different stages of growth. Males were heavier and had a higher weight gain than females at almost all stages of growth and the differences tended to increase with age. The direct heritability estimates increased from birth to six months of age and then decreased. The direct heritabilities of all body weights at different stages of growth were low to moderate in magnitude and the values at birth, weaning, six, nine and 12 months of age were 0.08, 0.17, 0.21, 0.13 and 0.10 respectively. For the estimation of heritability at birth and three months body weights, the direct additive genetic and maternal additive genetic effects have to be taken into account and for the estimation of six months weight, the direct additive genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects have to be included in the model. The estimates of heritability, phenotypic and genetic correlations among the different body weights indicated that the selection for improving the body weights at different traits should be done on the basis of three or six months weight because of higher heritability estimates and having higher genetic correlations with other traits.

Identification of PI3K-AKT signaling as the dominant altered pathway in intestinal type ampullary cancers through whole-exome sequencing

Niraj Kumari,Rajneesh K. Singh,Shravan K. Mishra,Narendra Krishnani,Samir Mohindra,Raghvendra L. 대한병리학회 2021 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.55 No.3

Background: The genetic landscape of intestinal (INT) and pancreatobiliary (PB) type ampullary cancer (AC) has been evolving with distinct as well as overlapping molecular profiles. Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing in 37 cases of AC to identify the targetable molecular profiles of INT and PB tumors. Paired tumor-normal sequencing was performed on the HiSeq 2500 Illumina platform. Results: There were 22 INT, 13 PB, and two cases of mixed differentiation of AC that exhibited a total of 1,263 somatic variants in 112 genes (2–257 variants/case) with 183 somatic deleterious variants. INT showed variations in 78 genes (1–31/case), while PB showed variations in 51 genes (1–29/case). Targetable mutations involving one or more major pathways were found in 86.5% of all ACs. Mutations in APC, CTNNB1, SMAD4, KMT2, EPHA, ERBB, and Notch genes were more frequent in INT tumors, while chromatin remodeling complex mutations were frequent in PB tumors. In the major signaling pathways, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3)/AKT and RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were significantly mutated in 70% of cases (82% INT, 46% PB, p = .023), with PI3/AKT mutation being more frequent in INT and RAS/MAPK in PB tumors. Tumor mutation burden was low in both differentiation types, with 1.6/Mb in INT and 0.8/Mb in PB types (p = .217). Conclusions: The exome data suggest that INT types are genetically more unstable than PB and involve mutations in tumor suppressors, oncogenes, transcription factors, and chromatin remodeling genes. The spectra of the genetic profiles of INT and PB types suggested primary targeting of PI3/AKT in INT and RAS/RAF and PI3/AKT pathways in PB carcinomas.

Growth Mechanism and Crystal Ordering of Spherulitic Patterns in a Belousov-Zhabotinsky Type Reaction System

Narendra Yadav,S. S. Majhi,P. K. Srivastava 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.10

Three types of spherulitic morphologies have been investigated in dual substrate mode of Belousov- Zhabotinsky (BZ) type reaction system. Prior to growth of spherulites, three distinct patterning behaviors have been observed sequentially during the reaction process. Initial and the early-phase of reaction showed the emergence of concentric ring-like wave patterns. A colloidal-state of reaction consists of numerous fine solid particles, which forms primarily some nucleation centers of dendritic characters. The nucleation centers were found to grow in sizes and shapes with the progress of reaction. It leads to growth of dendritic-like spherulitic crystal patterns. The resultant spherulites showed transitions in their morphologies, including sea-weeds and rhythmic spherulitic crystal patterns, by the effects substituted organic substrate and in the higher concentration of bromate-initiator respectively. The branching mechanism and crystal ordering of spherulitic textures were studied with help of optical microscope (OPM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Characteristics of crystal phases were also evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Results indicated that the compositions of reactants and crystal orderings were interrelated with morphological transitions of spherulites as illustrated and described.

Polygenic Risk Score for Cardiovascular Diseases in Artificial Intelligence Paradigm: A Review

Khanna Narendra N,Singh Manasvi,Maindarkar Mahesh,Kumar Ashish,Johri Amer M.,Mentella Laura,Laird John R,Paraskevas Kosmas I.,Ruzsa Zoltan,Singh Narpinder,Kalra Mannudeep K.,Fernandes Jose Fernandes E 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.46

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) related mortality and morbidity heavily strain society. The relationship between external risk factors and our genetics have not been well established. It is widely acknowledged that environmental influence and individual behaviours play a significant role in CVD vulnerability, leading to the development of polygenic risk scores (PRS). We employed the PRISMA search method to locate pertinent research and literature to extensively review artificial intelligence (AI)-based PRS models for CVD risk prediction. Furthermore, we analyzed and compared conventional vs. AI-based solutions for PRS. We summarized the recent advances in our understanding of the use of AI-based PRS for risk prediction of CVD. Our study proposes three hypotheses: i) Multiple genetic variations and risk factors can be incorporated into AI-based PRS to improve the accuracy of CVD risk predicting. ii) AI-based PRS for CVD circumvents the drawbacks of conventional PRS calculators by incorporating a larger variety of genetic and non-genetic components, allowing for more precise and individualised risk estimations. iii) Using AI approaches, it is possible to significantly reduce the dimensionality of huge genomic datasets, resulting in more accurate and effective disease risk prediction models. Our study highlighted that the AI-PRS model outperformed traditional PRS calculators in predicting CVD risk. Furthermore, using AI-based methods to calculate PRS may increase the precision of risk predictions for CVD and have significant ramifications for individualized prevention and treatment plans.