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Nagaoka, K.,Yamaguchi, H.,Aida, H.,Yoshioka, K.,Takahashi, M.,Christenson, R.K.,Imakawa, K.,Sakai, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.6
As high as 50% of pregnancies are known to fail and the majority of such losses occur during the peri-implantation period. For the establishment of pregnancy in mammalian species, therefore, implantation of the conceptus to the maternal endometrium must be completed successfully. Physiological events associated with implantation differ among mammals. In ruminant ungulates, an elongation of the trophohlast in early conceptus development is required before the attachment of the conceptus to the uterine endometrium. Moreover, implantation sites are restricted to each uterine caruncula where tissue remodeling, feto-maternal cell fusion and placentation take place in a coordinated manner. These unique events occur under strict conditions and are regulated by numerous factors from the uterine endometrium and trophoblast in a spatial manner. Interferon-tau (IFN-${\tau}$), a conceptus-derived anti-Iuteolytic factor, which rescues corpus luteum from its regression in ruminants, is particularly apt to play an important role as a local regulator in coordination with other factors, such as TGF-${\beta}$, Cox-2 and MMPs at the attachment and placentation sites.
Tanaka, K.,Nagaoka, K.,Murakami, S.,Takahashi, H.,Osakabe, M.,Yokoyama, M.,Seki, R.,Michael, C.A.,Yamaguchi, H.,Suzuki, C.,Shimizu, A.,Tokuzawa, T.,Yoshinuma, M.,Akiyama, T.,Ida, K.,Yamada, I.,Yasuhar IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.11
<P>Surveys of the ion and electron heat transports of neutral beam (NB) heating plasma were carried out by power balance analysis in He and H rich plasma at LHD. Collisionality was scanned by changing density and heating power. The characteristics of the transport vary depending on collisionality. In low collisionality, with low density and high heating power, an ion internal transport barrier (ITB) was formed. The ion heat conductivity (<I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB>) is lower than electron heat conductivity (<I>χ</I> <SUB>e</SUB>) in the core region at <I>ρ</I> < 0.7. On the other hand, in high collisionality, with high density and low heating power, <I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB> is higher than <I>χ</I> <SUB>e</SUB> across the entire range of plasma. These different confinement regimes are associated with different fluctuation characteristics. In ion ITB, fluctuation has a peak at <I>ρ</I> = 0.7, and in normal confinement, fluctuation has a peak at <I>ρ</I> = 1.0. The two confinement modes change gradually depending on the collisionality. Scans of concentration ratio between He and H were also performed. The ion confinement improvements were investigated using gyro-Bohm normalization, taking account of the effective mass and charge. The concentration ratio affected the normalized <I>χ</I> <SUB>i</SUB> only in the edge region (<I>ρ</I> ~ 1.0). This indicates ion species effects vary depending on collisionality. Turbulence was modulated by the fast ion loss instability. The modulation of turbulence is higher in H rich than in He rich plasma.</P>
Characteristics of second harmonic ECCD on CHS
yasuo Yoshimura,H. Matsushita,H. Igami,K. Nagasaki,K. Matsuoka,K. Ohkubo,K. Nagaoka,M. Isobe,S. Kobayashi,S. Okamura,S. Kubo,S. Nishimura,T. Minami,T. Akiyama,T. Notake,T. Shimozuma,A. Shimizu,C. Suzu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
Second harmonic electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) has been investigated on CHS (Compact Helical System) by using a 2-D steerable EC-beam injection system. The direction of the plasma current, which is the sum of bootstrap current and EC-driven current, is clearly reversed by a reversal of the EC-beam injection direction. The direction of driven current is consistent with expectation in the case of low-field side injection of EC wave. So far, a driven current up to 6 kA has been obtained when bootstrap current is less than 2 kA. It is confirmed that right-hand polarization and low density are effective for ECCD.
Studies on electron Bernstein wave heating in CHS and LHD at NIFS
Y. Yoshimura,H. Igami,S. Ferrando-Margalet,K. Nagasaki,S. Kubo,T. Shimozuma,M. Isobe,C. Suzuki,A. Shimizu,T. Akiyama,C. Takahashi,K. Nagaoka,S. Nishimura,T. Minami,K. Matsuoka,S. Okamura,T. Mutoh 한국진공학회 2007 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.16 No.2
Plasma-Confinement Physics Study in Compact Helical System
stoichi Okamura,A. Fujisawa,A. Shimizu,C. Takahashi,C. Suzuki,H. Iguchi,H. Nakano,H. Matsushita,K. Nagaoka,K. Matsuo,K. Ida,K. Toi,K. Nakamura,K. Matsuoka,M. Yoshinuma,M. Isobe,M. Takeuchi,R. Ikeda,S. 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
In a CHS experiment, various types of transport barrier have been studied. An internal transport barrier (ITB) for electrons in a stellarator was first found in CHS, and the ITB for improved ion confinement was also found. H-mode (edge transport barrier) study in CHS showed many common features in transition to tokamak experiments, although the magnetic surface quantities are very different. Discharges with a combination of ETB and ITB were also found. Two heavy ion beam diagnostics in CHS showed a new direct measurement of zonal flow structure in toroidal confinement. The relation between the fluctuation and the transport barrier was also studied.
Characteristics of Beam Attenuation in the High Temperature Plasma with High-Z Discharge in LHD
katsunori Ikeda,K. Tsumori,K. Nagaoka,M. Osakabe,O. Kaneko,S. Morita,Y. Oka,Y. Takeiri 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
Behavior in attenuation of a high-energy neutral beam has been investigated by visible spectroscopy in the Large Helical Device (LHD). The measurement system consists of optical fibers, a spectrometer and an ICCD detector. A spectrum of beam emission is clearly observed by the Doppler effect. In order to increase the ion-heating power, we have adopted a high-Z discharge with argon gas. An ion temperature of 13.5 keV ± 2 keV is achieved by the injection of a neutral beam power of 10.5 MW. We have observed the behavior of the neutral beam emission in the high-temperature plasma. The intensity of the beam emission in the argon discharge is lower than that in the hydrogen discharge when the ion temperature increases. After the maximum ion temperature, the intensity of the beam emission increases as the electron density increases. This behavior is similar to the hydrogen discharge. It is indicated that the particle configuration of the plasma has changed. This result will contribute to the monitoring of the neutral beam absorption in fusion plasma.
Future lunar mission Active X-ray Spectrometer development: Surface roughness and geometry studies
Naito, M.,Hasebe, N.,Kusano, H.,Nagaoka, H.,Kuwako, M.,Oyama, Y.,Shibamura, E.,Amano, Y.,Ohta, T.,Kim, K.J.,Lopes, J.A.M. Elsevier 2015 Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Vol.788 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The Active X-ray Spectrometer (AXS) is considered as one of the scientific payload candidates for a future Japanese mission, SELENE-2. The AXS consists of pyroelectric X-ray generators and a Silicon Drift Detector to conduct X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) on the Moon to measure major elements: Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, and Fe; minor elements: Na, K, P, S, Cr and Mn; and the trace element Ni depending on their concentration. Some factors such as roughness, grain size and porosity of sample, and the geometry of X-ray incidence, emission and energy will affect the XRF measurements precision. Basic studies on the XRF are required to develop the AXS. In this study, fused samples were used to make homogeneous samples free from the effect of grain size and porosity. Experimental and numerical studies on the XRF were conducted to evaluate the effects from incidence and emission angles and surface roughness. Angle geometry and surface roughness will be optimized for the design of the AXS on future missions from the results of the experiment and the numerical simulation.</P>