http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김경애,정난희,모은자 한국 가정과 교육 학회 2003 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.15 No.2
본 연구는 중학생들의 특기ㆍ적성 교육 활동 실태를 파악하고 여가만족과의 관계를 규명함으로써 여가 선용 및 특기ㆍ적성 교육 효과를 극대화 시킬 수 있는 방안을 제시하기 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 사회인구학적 변인에 따라 특기ㆍ적성 교육 활동 참여 실태는 여학생이 남학생보다 참여율이 높았고, 읍, 면 지역 중학생들은 모두가 참여한 반면에 광역시 중학생은 절반 정도만이 참여하였으며 시 지역에서는 거의 대부분이 참여하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 가족의 소득이 높은 집단이 특기ㆍ적성 교육활동에 대한 참여율이 낮았으며, 부모의 학력이 높은 집단도 특기ㆍ적성 교육 활동 참여는 낮았다. 2. 사회인구학적변인에 따른 여가만족의 차이를 보면 심리적, 교육적, 사회적, 휴식적, 생리적, 환경적 만족의 6개 하위영역 중에서 읍, 면 지역 거주학생들이 광역시나 시 지역 학생들보다 높게 나타났다. 학년별로는 1학년 학생이 교육적 만족, 환경적 만족이 높았고, 가족의 소득이 높고 아버지의 학력이 높은 집단에서 여가만족이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 3. 특기ㆍ적성 교육 활동 참여 동기에 따른 여가만족은 참여 동기가 자신의 적성에 맞거나 진학을 위해서라고 하는 자발적인 의사결정의 결정에 높게 나타냈다. 참여 기간에 따라 참여 기간이 4개월 미만인 경우 높은 만족을 나타냈고, 집중도에 따른 여가만족에서는 모든 영역에서 집중도가 높은 집단의 여가만족이 높게 나타났다. The study has examined the relationship between the middle school students' after school activities and leisure satisfaction to provide the opportunity of making good use of leisure time and of developing students' latent talent and aptitude. The research finding are as follows : 1. Based on socio-demographic variables, the female students had more rates of participation in talent and aptitude educational activity than male students. The number of the students from rural areas was much bigger than that of cities such as Gwangju or other big cities in Chonnam. But the students whose parents made a lot of money showed less interest in participating talent and aptitude educational activities. 2. Based on the research of socio-demographic variables, students from counties or smaller areas showed more satisfaction than Gwangju in leisure satisfaction among the six subordinate categories. 7th graders were more satisfied in educational and environmental leisure activities than 8th or 9th graders. Moreover, as the family income is higher and as the father's educational level is higher, satisfaction rate from leisure activities cam out to be higher. 3. In regard to satisfaction they get from their leisure activities, it was comparatively high when they had the activities voluntarily as their hobbies or for fun. Some students regarded it as their chances for the next step and they were really satisfied, too. And also the period of time was one of the factors that affected students satisfaction. They were satisfied enough when they had the activities less than four month in a year. The students who had strong concentration and great enthusiasm showed high leisure satisfaction in all areas except for the environmental one.
Perkin 反應法 및 Knoevenagel 反應法에 依한 Cinnamic Acid 合成에 관한 硏究
정춘희,채경자,천기정,하명희 이화여자대학교약학회 1970 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.11
Perki's and Knoevenagel reactions have been known of the Synthesis of Cinnamic acid. The former is method from acetic anhydride and the latter method from malonic acid. In this paper, the yield from two methods have been observed.
( Ja Young Lee ),( Hee Chul Nam ),( Boo Gyoung Kim ),( Hyun Gyung Kim ),( Hee Chan Jung ),( Ji Hee Kim ),( Geun Seok Yang ),( Youn Jeong Park ),( Ka Young Kim ),( Yu Seon Yun ),( Young Ok Kim ),( Jiha 대한신장학회 2012 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.31 No.4
There are some reports of renal vein thrombosis associated with acute pyelone-phritis, but a case of renal artery thrombosis in acute pyelonephritis has not been reported yet. Here we report a case of renal artery thrombosis which developed in a patient with acute pyelonephritis complicated with sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). A 65-year-old woman with diabetes was diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis complicated with sepsis. Escherichia coli was isolated from both blood and urine cultures. When treated with antibiotics, her condition gradually improved. She suddenly complained of severe right flank pain without fever in the recovery phase. A computed tomography scan revealed right renal artery thrombosis with concomitant renal infarction. Prophylactic anticoagulation therapy was not suggested because of sustained thrombocytopenia and increased risk of bleeding. Flank pain resolved with conservative treatment and perfusion of infarcted kidney improved at the time of discharge. To our knowledge, this is the first case of renal artery thrombosis related to acute pyelonephritis with sepsis-induced DIC.