유치열과 영구치열의 구개 각부의 관계에 대한 연구

이용훈,백병주,양연미,이용희,김상훈,김재곤 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 유치열과 영구치열에서 구개의 길이, 폭, 깊이 및 치열궁의 형태 등을 조사하여 남녀간의 차이와 유치열과 영구치열간의 변화양상을 파악하는 것이다. 유치열기 아동 100명과 영구치열기 성인 100명 총 200명을 대상으로 하여 상악 석고 모형을 채득하고 3차원 laser scanner(SD Scanner, DS4060, LDI, U.S.A.)를 통한 석고 모델의 측정을 통해 cloud data, polygonization, section curve and loft surface, fit and horizontal plane (Surfacer 10.0, Imageware, U.S.A.)을 기초로 하여 구개의 폭, 길이, 높이 및 치열궁의 형태 등을 계측하였다. 통계학적 분석을 위해 t-tests가 사용되었다. 이에 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 구개의 계측항목에서 유치열 전방부 구개높이를 제외한 나머지 항목에서 남자가 여자보다 크게 나왔으며, 유치열은 전구개폭(p<0.05)과 후구개폭(p<0.01), 영구치열은 구개폭(p<0.05)과 전구개길이(p<0.01), 중구개, 후구개길이(p<0.05)에서 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2. 남녀의 구개지수에서 유치열에서는 구개장고지수(p<0.05)와 구개장폭지수(p<0.01)가 남녀간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 영구치열의 구개지수에서는 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 유치열과 영구치열의 계측항목 비교에서 후방부 구개폭이 가장 많이 증가하였으며, 다음으로 후방부 구개높이, 전방부 구개폭, 전방부 구개길이 순이었다. 전방부 구개높이와 후방부 구개길이는 오히려 감소하였다. 4. 유치열과 영구치열의 구개지수 비교에서 구개장고지수와 구개장폭지수, 후구개폭고지수는 영구치열에서 증가하였고, 나머지 지수는 감소하였다. The purpose of this study was to clarify the palatal arch length, width and height in the primary and permanent dentition. Samples were consisted of normal occlusions both in the primary dentition(50 males and 50 females) and in the permanent dentition(50 males and 50 females). With their upper plaster casts were used and through 3-dimensional laser scanning(3D Scanner, DS4060, LDI, U.S.A.), cloud data, polygonization, section curve and loft surface, fit and horizontal plane were based to measure the palatal arch length, width and height(Surfacer 10.0, Imageware, U.S.A.). T-tests were applied for the statistical analyze of the data. The results were as follows : 1. In the measurement values, the values of the male were higher than those of the female except primary anterior palatal height. There were not only statistically significant differences in anterior palatal width(p<0.05) and posterior palatal width(p<0.01) in primary dentition but palatal width(p<0.05), anterior palatal length(p<0.01), middle and posterior palatal length(p<0.05) in permanent dentition between male and female. 2. In the indices of palate, there were statistically significant differences in height-length index(p<0.05) and width-length index(p<0.01) between male and female in primary dentition. In permanent dentition, there was statistically difference between male and female. 3. In the measurement values, posterior palatal width was increased most greatly. Posterior palatal height, anterior palatal width and anterior palatal length were followed by descending order. On the other hand, anterior palatal height and posterior palatal length were decreased. 4. In the indices of palate, the height-length index, the width-length index and posterior height-width index were increased, but the others were decreased.

빠른 핸드오프를 지원하는 PKI 기반의 무선랜 인증기법 설계

이주남,이구연 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 정보통신논문지 Vol.7 No.-

Wireless LAN has the advantage of extension, flexibility, and easy of installation and maintenance. However it is vulnerable to security attacks. Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) is a good solution offering security function. to wireless LAN PKI offers high security, but it able generates high overheads such as CRL search and certificate verification. For the fast handoff, the overheads should be minimized. In this paper, we design a fast handoff authentication mechanism using PKI in wireless LAN and analyze the performance of the mechanism.

유병기간에 따른 한국인 파킨슨병 환자의 영양소 섭취 상태 및 식사의 질에 관한 연구

이주연,안태범,전범석,김윤영,조여원 대한지역사회영양학회 2008 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease (PD). The contribution of many environmental factors including dietary factor remains unproven. The purpose the study was to investigate the dietary habits, nutrient intake and dietary quality of Korean PD patients according to the duration of disease. PD patients were recruited from K and S university hospitals from May 2005 to January 2006. This study was carried out after approval by the Institute Review Board (IRB). British Brain Bank criteria was used to diagnose PD. The subjects were classified into 2 groups based on the duration of PD: < 25 months and ≥ 25 months groups. General characteristics, anthropometric measurements, food habits and dietary intakes were investigated. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The mean age of < 25 months group (66.9 ± 8.0 yr) was significantly higher than that of ≥ 25 months group (62.2 ± 8.8 yr) (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found for academic background, occupation, living status and social activity, however, numbers of diseases, exercise and family history of PD were significantly different. 2) Anthropometric measurements were not different between the two groups. 3) The frequency of taking snacks was significantly higher in < 25 months group and the amounts of alcohol consumption were significantly higher in ≥ 25 months group. 4) Daily intakes of most nutrients were very low compared with DRI. 5) The MAR score was significantly lower in < 25 months group (p < 0.05;) however, the scores of DVS, DDS and DQI were not significantly different. As a conclusion an overall nutrient intake and dietary quality of the Parkinson's Disease patients need to be improved regardless of duration of the disease and a well-balanced diet should be emphasized.

스키장 서비스 품질과 만족도의 관계

이우재,엄주연 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of ski resorts' service quality on skier satisfaction according to form of ski participation. In order to achieve this objective, skiers of the Sung Woo Ski Resorts were selected as the subjects by applying the convenience sampling method. Total of 300 copies were given to skiers and only 79B copies return Among therm screening out incomplete or incorrectly responded data, a total of 791(97%) participants were analyzed. The instrument was a questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha values ranged from .782 to .876. The reliability of questionnaire conformed with professional panes consists of the sport marketing analyst, ski results staff and skier each two of them. Data were analyzed using the window statistical package program (version 11.5), and descriptive analyses, one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe post hoc test, and standard multiple regression were employed. In turn, the results were as follows : First, from of participation, ability of Eking and from of using differed according to age and occupation; form of participation and from of using differed according to marriage; ability of sking and form of using differed according to income but not differed to time. Second, the following influence of service quality differed staff according to age, occupation and marriage; event according to marriage; main facilities according gender. occupation and marriage; subsidiary facilities according to age and occupation; and price according to age and price. Third, satisfactions differed according to age, occupation and marriage. Fourth, main facilities differed according to ability of sking, form of using and time; price differed according to ability of sking and form of using subsidiary facilities differed according to form of using form of using differed according to event and subsidiary facilities but not differed according to form of participation. Fifth, satisfactions did not differ according to form of ski participation. Sixth, events have influenced on satisfaction.

한국인 정신분열병과 도파민 D5 수용체 유전자 연합연구

이민수,조주연,박두병,김준모 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구는 도파민D5 수용체 유전자와 정신분열병 병인과의 상관성을 밝히기 위하여 한국인 정신분열병 환자군 100명과 정상대조군 100명에서 다형성의 분포를 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 연합연구를 시행하였다. 도파민 D5 수용체 유전자의 대립유전자는(CT/GT/GA)n의 반복으로 구성된 154, 152, 150, 148, 146, 144, 142, 140, 138, 134염기 쌍을 가진 11가지 종류였고 환자군과 정상대조군사이에 대립유전자의 분포는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 각각의 대립유전자 빈도는 환자군에서 대립유전자 A10이 유의하게 감소되어 있었다. 환자군과 정상대조군의 유전자형 분포는 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 본 연구의 결과는 도파민 D5 수용체 유전자가 한국인 정신분열병 발생의 취약성에 기여할 가능성이 있다는 것을 제시하지만 본 연구의 결과만으로는 이 유전자부위를 정신분열병의 유전적 결정인자로 결론 내리기는 어려우며 앞으로 더 많은 연구대상을 이용하여 이 도파민 D5 수용체 유전자부위에 대해 본 연구결과를 확인하는 연구가 계속적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objective : This study was performed to define the genetic relationship between the microsatellite (CT/GT/GA)n polymorphism for the dopamine D5 receptor gene and schizophrenia. An association study in 100 schizophrenic patients and 100 normal controls of Korean was made by means of using polymerase chain reaction. Results : The microsatellite(D5(CT/GT/GA)n) had 11 alleles. These was a significant difference in the allele distribution between schizophrenic and normal controls(p〈0.05). In schizophrenic patients, the frequency of allele A10 was decreased. As to the genotype distribution, there was no difference in both groups. Conclusions : This finding suggests that dopamine D5 gene is likely to be related to the development of schizophrenia in Korea but with only this result, we cannot come to the conclusion that this genetic locus is the genetic determinant of schizophrenia. Further studies of dopamine D5 receptor genetic locus that can confirm this result should be made.

TMV에 의한 고추의 역병에 대한 전신획득저항성 유도

이성희,차재순,이주연 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 1997 연구보고서 Vol.2 No.-

고추에 있어서 전신획득저항성 및 PR 단백질 축적과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 TMV pepper strain을 고추잎에 접종하고 4일후 고추역병균 P. capsici를 고추줄기에 접종후 역병발생량을 비교하였다. TMV를 전접종한 고추에서는 TMV를 전접종하지 않은 고추에서보다 역병발생량이 크게 감소하였는데, TMV를 전접종한 고추의 역병 발병도와 병반길이는 역병접종 10일째에 TMV를 전접종하지 않은 고추의 약 50% 수준이었다. 담배의 PR1b와 PR5a 항혈청을 이용한 immuno-blot으로 추적한 고추의 PR1 과 PR5 단백질은 TMV 접종엽과 접종상위엽에서 TMV 접종 24시간후부터 세포간극에서 동시에 검출되기 시작하였다. PR1 과 PR5 단백질은 TMV 접종엽에서는 TMV 접종 4-5일후 잎이 탈락할때까지 그 양이 크게 증가하였다. PR5는 TMV 접종상위엽에서 TMV 접종후 그 양이 크게 증가하지는 않았지만 실험종료일인 TMV 접종 20일후까지 검출되었다. 이러한 결과는 고추에서 TMV 검염에 의해 역병에 대한 전신획득저항성이 유도되며, 전신획득저항성이 유도되는 동안 매우 빠르게 고추전신에서 PR 단백질의 생산이 유도되고, 생성된 PR 단백질들이 오래동안 유지됨을 암시하고 있다. Induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against phytophthora blight and PR protein accumulation by TMV in pepper plant (Capsicum annuum cv. Nockwang) were examined to understand the mechanism of systemic acquired resistance in pepper plant. The zoospore suspension of Phytophthora capsici was inoculated on stem of pepper plant on which TMV-pepper strain had been inoculated on fully expanded 3 leaves, and the amount of phytophthora blight incidence was determined with time course. Both disease severity and lesion length of phytophthora blight were much smaller in TMV pre-inoculated pepper plant than in uninoculated control plant. The amount of phytophthora blight in TMV pre-inoculated pepper was about 50% of uninoculated control plant's at 10 days after P. capsici inoculation. PR1 and PR5 protein were monitored in intercellular fluid of TMV inoculated and uninoculated upper leaves by immuno-blot with tobacco PR1b and PR5a antibody to find accumulation of PR proteins locally and systemically during induction of SAR. PR1 and PR5 were detected from 24 hours after TMV inoculation both TMV inoculated and uninoculated upper leaves, and increased rapidly in TMV inoculated leaves until th leaves were defoliated on 4-5 days after TMV inoculation. PR5 was not increased in uninoculated upper leaves as much as in TMV inoculated leaves, but it can be detected until 20 days after TMV inoculation. These results suggest that TMV infection induces SAR against phytophthora blight in pepper plant, and PR proteins is accumulated very rapidly after TMV infection systematically during induction of SAR and maintained for quite long time in pepper plant.

의학동영상 정보의 원격 실시간 분석

이승민,이주연,황준 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

In this paper, we have developed a client/server diagnosis system that process the information of motion picture real time. Development of motion analysis and diagnosis system can be used in medical clinic. Users manages clients only while the expensive image processing equipments are managed by server manager. Very high speed network is used for the communication between server and client. In this paper we propose a real time marker detection algorithm for remote real time system of analysis for information of medical image sequence.

침적 모형에 의한 습성침적 플럭스 수치모의

이화운,문난경,임주연 한국환경과학회 2002 한국환경과학회지 Vol.11 No.12

The purpose of this study is to estimate wet deposition flux and to investigate wet deposition characteristics by using the ADOM model. Wet deposition flux of high reactive SO_2 is estimated by applying observed meteorological parameters and concentrations of chemical species to the ADOM model. Wet deposition is largely dependent on large scale precipitation and cloud thickness. Wet deposition flux of sulfate increases, but wet deposition flux of SO_2 is small. On the whole, the pattern of sulfate flux agrees with the typical pattern of sulfate wet deposition that is high in the summer(July) and low in the winter(January)

1980년대 서구여성의 헤어스타일 분석

이주연 광주보건대학 1995 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this research is to figure out the variation and integration of hair style in 1980's. The cluture reflects the social situations and 1980's is developed very rapidly, thus the social situation affected the 80's fashion. In the 80's, the new group who is called "Yuppies" were showed up. they were young unmarried professionals and they were characterized very rich and enjoy life. These mood was extended to general society. Under this circumstances, hair style was developed as a independent part of fashion. The hair style of 80's was various in the length. So we sort the hair style into 3 groups which are short, medium, long length, and study the length, width, height of hair wtyle for the each of the length. The results of this study are : 1. The length of short hair of 80's is car-length, the length of medium hair of 80's is chin-length, the length of long hair of 80's is under the shoulder-length. 2. The hair width of short hair is narrower than medium hair, long hair. 3. The hair height is not different from each of the hair lenght. As it's told, the hair style is various in the length and hair width, height is differenciated upon the hair length. Although the hair style of 80's is various, there is similarity in the hair style. That is positive relation between hair length, hair width, hair height. It means that long hair is wider and higher than short hair.

집배 Mobile Containers(운반도구)의 생체역학적 부하 개선에 관한 연구

이창민,오연주,이준수 동의대학교 산업기술개발연구소 2005 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.19 No.-

집배원 업무량 증가에 따른 업무환경 개선이 수반되지 못하고 있어, 근골격계 질환등 많은 문제점들이 제기되고 있다. 특히 집배실에서 이루어지는 집배 분류작업, 운반작업과 포장작업 등의 중량물 취급작업은 작업자들에게 요통과 같은 근골격계 질환을 야기 시킨다. 본 연구에서는 집배시 사용되는 운반도구(롤 파렛트, 대차, 운반함)에 대하여 인간공학적 분석프로그램(3DSSPP, NLE, OWAS, RULA, REBA)을 사용하여 발생되는 문제점들을 분석하였다. 롤 파렛트는 많은 우편물을 적재하기 위해 크기와 무게가 인간공학적 기준치를 벗어나 우편물을 싣고 내릴 경우와 밀고 당기는 작업시 신체적인 부하를 야기시킨다. 또한, 중량물 취급 시 작업자의 작업영역은 과도한 크기로 적정 작업영역을 벗어나게 함으로써 작업부하를 더욱 가중시키기 된다. 대차의 경우 역시 우편물을 싣고 내릴 때 수직의 적정 기준보다 현저히 낮은 위치로 반복적인 허리굽힘 자세가 요구되어 허리에 부하를 가중시키며생체역학적 기준을 초과하고 있다. 운반함의 경우, 운반함을 겹쳐쌓기 위한 들기작업, 바닥에서 이루어지는 우편물 운반작업과 우편물 분류작업 역시 요구되어지는 작업자세가 인간공학적 기준치를 초과하고 있다. 인간공학적 분석 프로그램을 통하여 분석한 결과, 롤 파렛트는 재원을 줄여주고 견고하고 가벼운 소재를 이용하여 재설계되어야 하며 밀고 당기는작업을 효율적으로 하기 위한 손잡이를 제공해야 한다. 대차는 높이 조절식 형태나 지게차형태의 대차를 사용하므로 과도한 허리굽힘 자세를 예방할 수 있으며 운반함의 경우 우편물 무게에 따른 높이 조절식 운반함으로 설계/재설계함으로 생체역학적 작업부하를 감소시킬 것이다.