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Effects of dietary inactivated probiotics on growth performance and immune responses of weaned pigs
( Joowon Kang ),( Jeong Jae Lee ),( Jin Ho Cho ),( Jeehwan Choe ),( Hyunjin Kyoung ),( Sung Hun Kim ),( Hyeun Bum Kim ),( Minho Song ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.3
This experiment was performed to verify whether dietary heat-killed Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR) improves growth performance and modulates immune responses of weaned pigs. Ninety-six weaned pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc; 6.95 ± 0.25 kg body weight [BW]; 28 d old) were randomly allocated to four treatments: 1) a basal diet without heat-killed LR (CON), 2) T1 (CON with 0.1% heat-killed LR), 3) T2 (CON with 0.2% heat-killed LR), and 4) T3 (CON with 0.4% heat-killed LR). Each treatment had six pens with four pigs (6 replicates per treatment) in a randomized completely block design. The heat-killed LR used in this study contained 1 × 109 FU/g of LR in a commercial product. Pigs were fed each treatment for four weeks using a two-phase feeding program to measure growth performance and frequency of diarrhea. During the last week of this study, all diets contained 0.2% chromic oxide as an indigestible marker. Fecal sampling was performed through rectal palpation for the consecutive three days after the four adaptation days to measure apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy (GE). Blood sampling was also performed on day 1, 3, 7, and 14 after weaning to measure immune responses such as serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cortisol. The heat-killed LR increased (p < 0.05) growth rate, feed efficiency, and ATTD of GE for overall experimental period compared with CON, but reduced (p < 0.05) post-weaning diarrhea. In addition, pigs fed diets contained heat-killed had lower concentrations of serum TNF-α (d 7; p < 0.05), TGF-β1 (d 7; p < 0.10), and cortisol (d 3 and 7; p < 0.05) than pigs fed CON. In conclusion, dietary heat-killed LR improved growth rate, modified immune responses of weaned pigs, and alleviated post-weaning diarrhea.
Kang, Joowon 한국전산구조공학회 2000 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1
새로운 공학재료의 하나인 복합재료는 뛰어난 역학적 성질로 인해 공학 전 분야에 걸쳐 사용이 점진적으로 증가하고 있다. 이 복합재료에 대한 개발뿐만 아니라 정적 혹은 동적 하중을 받는 복합 구조물의 연구는 많이 수행되어 왔고 대부분 가해지는 하중은 확정적인 것으로 가정되었다. 그러나 실제 많은 상황에 있어 구조물에 가해지는 하중의 성질은 불규칙적이다. 본 연구에서는 불규칙 진동을 받는 복합적층판의 비선형 해석을 유한요소법에 의거하여 해석하였으며 고전 판 이론과 전단변형을 고려한 1차, 3차 이론을 비교 분석하였다. 많은 복합재료들은 전단 변형에 있어 재료적인 비선형을 나타내므로 이를 본 연구에 포함하였다. Composites are finding increasing use in a wide variety of engineering applications due to their outstanding mechanical properties. A number of studies have focused on the development of new materials as well as the response of composite structures to static and dynamic loads by assuming the external driving forces to be deterministic. However, there are many situations in practice where the exciting forces vary randomly. In this work, the nonlinear response of laminated composite plates excited by stochastic loading is studied by the finite element method. Classical, first-order and third-order shear theories for plates are used in the finite element formulation. Since most composites exhibit significant nonlinearity in the shear stress-strain law, this is included in the present analysis.
Kim, Sunkook,Kang, Joowon,Lee, Sang-Hyo,Ahn, Yong Han Hindawi Limited 2016 Advances In Materials Science And Engineering Vol.2016 No.1
<P>Dielectric constant and conductivity, the so-called EM properties (electromagnetic), are widely adopted for NDT (Nondestructive Technique) in order to detect damage or evaluate performance of concrete without damage to existing RC (reinforced concrete). Among deteriorating agents, chloride ion is considered as one of the most critical threats due to rapid penetration and direct effect on steel corrosion. In the work, cement mortar samples with 3 w/c (water-to-cement) ratios and 4 levels of chloride addition are considered. Conductivity and dielectric constant are measured in the normal frequency range. They increase with strength of mortar and more chloride ions due to denser pore formation. Furthermore, the behaviors of measured EM property are investigated with carbonation velocity and strength, which shows an attempt of application to durability evaluation through EM measurement.</P>
강대현(DaeHyun Kang),김대식(DaeSik Kim),정형일(HyeongIl Jeong),소진섭(JinSub So),김진우(JinWoo Kim),정승택(SeungTaek Jung),이성준(SeoungJun Lee),김주원(JooWon Kim),김용한(YongHan Kim) 한국철도학회 2014 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
서울-오송 구간 수송수요 급증 등으로 인해 출퇴근 시간 및 금요일 수송수요가 폭발적 증가하여 선로용량이 포화상태에 도달할 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 급증하는 수송량을 수용하는 방안으로 2층 고속열차 운행이 최적의 방안으로 고려되고 있다. 본 논문은 2층 고속열차 운영기술 개발에 따른 철도공사 내부의 전문가들의 의견을 분석하며, 2층 고속차량 설계 시 적용 가능한 운영 요구사항을 제시하기 위한 자료를 확보하기 위해 철도공사 내부의 전문가 36명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 현재의 승강장 인터페이스를 사용하는 2P6T 편성이 63.3%로 나타났으며, 1,2층 고정식 좌석의 선호도가 59.4%로 나타났다. 승강장 인터페이스에 대해서는 기존 고속선을 활용하는 저상홈이 60.1%로 나타났으며, 다양한 이점을 줄 수 있는 관절 대차가 61.9%로 높은 비율을 나타냈다. The railway capacity is expected to become increasingly saturated as the transportation demand during rush hour and Fridays rapidly increases due to the high demand of Seoul-Osong section. Accordingly, the double deck high speed train is considered as an ideal alternative to solve the fast-growing traffic volume of railroad. This study firstly analyzed the opinions of internal experts of KORAIL who are engaged in the development of double deck high speed train. Next, a survey was conducted to 36 internal experts to extract the requirements of operational application when designing the double deck high speed train. The results of study can be summarized as follows. 2P6T type using current platform interface showed 63.3% of preference, while 1&2 layer fixed seats represented 59.4%. As regard to the platform interface, ground level loading pavement using existing high speed railway showed 60.1% of preference, and articulated bogie with various benefits represented 61.9% of preference.
학교 교실내 창문설치형 환기장치 적용에 따른 PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> 및 CO₂ 저감 효과 분석
이주원(Lee, Joowon),강경모(Kang, kyungmo),김태연(Kim, Taeyeon) 한국생태환경건축학회 2021 한국생태환경건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.21 No.2
When high concentration of outdoor air PM2.5 is formed, mechanical ventilation with proper air volume and filter is required to manage PM2.5 concentration in school classrooms. The purpose of this study is to monitor, compare, and analyze indoor PM2.5 and CO₂ concentrations during occupancy and non-occupancy periods according to the operation of a window-mounted ventilation system. The result of this study, it was effective to control the PM2.5 and CO₂ concentration by operating the ventilation system during the occupancy periods.
( In Sook Kang ),( Joowon Suh ),( Mi-ni Lee ),( Chaeyoung Lee ),( Jing Jin ),( Changjin Lee ),( Young Il Yang ),( Yangsoo Jang ),( Goo Taeg Oh ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2020 BMB Reports Vol.53 No.2
Cardiac regeneration with adult stem-cell (ASC) therapy is a promising field to address advanced cardiovascular diseases. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from ASCs have been implicated in acting as paracrine factors to improve cardiac functions in ASC therapy. In our work, we isolated human cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (h-CMSCs) by means of three-dimensional organ culture (3D culture) during ex vivo expansion of cardiac tissue, to compare the functional efficacy with human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-BM-MSCs), one of the actively studied ASCs. We characterized the h-CMSCs as CD90<sup>low</sup>, c-kit<sup>negative</sup>, CD105<sup>positive</sup> phenotype and these cells express NANOG, SOX2, and GATA4. To identify the more effective type of EVs for angiogenesis among the different sources of ASCs, we isolated EVs which were derived from CMSCs with either normoxic or hypoxic condition and BM-MSCs. Our in vitro tube-formation results demonstrated that the angiogenic effects of EVs from hypoxia-treated CMSCs (CMSC-Hpx EVs) were greater than the well-known effects of EVs from BM-MSCs (BM-MSC EVs), and these were even comparable to human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF), a potent angiogenic factor. Therefore, we present here that CD90<sup>low</sup>c-kit<sup>negative</sup>CD105<sup>positive</sup> CMSCs under hypoxic conditions secrete functionally superior EVs for in vitro angiogenesis. Our findings will allow more insights on understanding myocardial repair. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(2): 118-123]