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Jong Hoo Lee,Kyeong Man Jeon,Won Jung Koh,Gee Young Suh,Man Pyo Chung,Ho Joong Kim,Jung Kwon,Joung Ho Han,Sang Won Um 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.4
In photodynamic therapy, a chemical photosensitizer is activated by light of a specific wavelength., Photodynamic therapy has been combined with bronchoscopy in patients who are ineligible for surgical resection in order to treat patients with early central lung cancer. Here, we describe 3 patients with early central lung cancer who were treated effectively using photodynamic therapy. Our experience shows that this approach is a useful modality in the therapy of these types of tumors.
Evaluation on Seismic Performance of Limited Ductile RC Bridge Piers by Pseudo-Dynamic Test
Chung, Young-Soo,Park, Jong-Heob,Cho, Chang-Beck,Seo, Joo-Won Korea Concrete Institute 2001 KCI concrete journal Vol.13 No.2
Pseudo dynamic test for seven circular RC bridge piers has been carried out to investigate their seismic performance subjected to expected artificial earthquake motions. The objective of this experimental study is to investigate the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete bridge piers, which have been widely used for railway and urban transportation facilities. Important test parameters are confinement steel ratio, and input ground motion. The seismic behavior of circular RC bridge piers under artificial ground motions has been evaluated through displacement ductility, cumulative energy input, and dissipation capacity. It can be concluded that RC bridge piers designed in a limited ductile behavior provision of Eurocode 8 have been determined to show good seismic performance even under moderate artificial earthquakes.
Dual-Mode Switching in Highly Fluorescent Organogels: Binary Logic Gates with Optical/Thermal Inputs
Chung, Jong Won,Yoon, Seong-Jun,Lim, Seon-Jeong,An, Byeong-Kwan,Park, Soo Young WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Angewandte Chemie. international edition Vol.48 No.38
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>An on/off relationship: A supramolecular binary “OR” logic gate that generates highly enhanced fluorescence emission as the output signal is demonstrated (see picture). The system comprises a mixture of organogelator and photochromic compound and is able to process dual inputs of UV irradiation and thermal heating. <img src='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-38-ANIE200902777-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/14337851-2009-48-38-ANIE200902777-content'> </P>
Solution-Processed Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Anthracene Derivatives
Chung, Dae Sung,Park, Jong Won,Yun, Won Min,Cha, Hyojung,Kim, Yun-Hi,Kwon, Soon-Ki,Park, Chan Eon Wiley (John WileySons) 2010 CHEM SUS CHEM Vol.3 No.6
<P>Solution-processed small-molecule bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells are fabricated by using [6,6]-phenyl-C(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as electron acceptor and triisopropylsilylethynyl anthracene (TIPSAnt) derivatives substituted with naphthalene (TIPSAntNa) and bithiophene (TIPSAntBT) as electron donors. In contrast to TIPS-pentacene, the TIPSAnt derivatives are not susceptible to Diels-Alder reactions with PCBM when processed in solution, as confirmed by UV/Vis measurements. Photoluminescence quenching measurements show exciton diffusion lengths of 5 and 3 nm for TIPSAntBT and TIPSAntNa, respectively. Blending TIPSAntBT and TIPSAntNa with PCBM (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 weight ratios) produces films that possess adequate hole and electron mobilities. The morphological changes that result from varying the blending ratio range from obvious phase-segregated crystalline domains at a 1:1 ratio to homogeneous, nearly amorphous phases at a 1:4 ratio. Bulk heterojunction solar cells prepared by using a TIPSAntBT:PCBM blend reach power conversion efficiencies as high as 1.4 %.</P>
Chung, Jong Won,You, Youngmin,Huh, Hyun Sue,An, Byeong-Kwan,Yoon, Seong-Jun,Kim, Se Hun,Lee, Soon W.,Park, Soo Young American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.23
<P>We have designed and synthesized asymmetric cyano-stilbene derivatives containing trifluoromethyl (-CF(3)) substituents with the aim of producing tightly packed pi-dimer systems that as crystals exhibit reversible [2 + 2] cycloaddition with characteristic fluorescence modulation. (Z)-3-(3',5'-Bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-yl)-2-(4'-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-yl)acrylonitrile (CN(L)-TrFMBE) and its derivatives were found to form antiparallel pi-dimer stacks in crystals due to their specific intermolecular interactions, including C-F...H and C-F...pi interactions. The CN(L)-TrFMBE pi-dimer crystals (and powder) are not at all fluorescent initially but switch to a highly fluorescent state (Phi(PL) = 24%) when an external shear-strain and/or prolonged UV (365 nm) irradiation is applied. Our experimental and theoretical investigations show that the fluorescence modulation in this particular system is due to the external and/or internal (in the case of UV irradiation) shear-induced lateral displacement of the pi-dimer molecular pair, which effectively turns the fluorescence emission on at the cost of frustrated [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Further, the fluorescence 'off' state can be restored by thermal annealing, which regenerates the tightly packed pi-dimer by reverse displacement together with the thermal dissociation of the [2 + 2] cycloaddition product. This system provides a very rare example of high-contrast reversible fluorescence switching that is driven by a change in the molecular packing mode in the solid state, which enables piezochromic and photochromic responses.</P>