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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : John Hulme (검색결과 13 건)
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Hulme, John P.,An, Seong Soo A. Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.1
Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) also known as plasma procarboxypeptidase B or U is a 60 kD glycoprotein, which is the major modulator of fibrinolysis in plasma. TAFI is a proenzyme, which is activated by proteolytic cleavage to an active carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme (TAFIa, 35.8 kD) by thrombin/thrombomodulin and plasmin. Modulation of fibrinolysis occurs when TAFIa enzymatically removes C-terminal lysine residues of partially degraded fibrin, thereby inhibiting the stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) modulated plasminogen activation. TAFIa undergoes a rapid conformational change at $37{^{\circ}C}$ to an inactive isoform called TAFIai. Potato tuber carboxypetidase inhibitor (PTCI) was shown to specifically bind to TAFIa as well as TAFIai. In this study, a novel immunoassay TAFIa/ai ELISA was used for quantitation of the two TAFI activation isoforms TAFIa and TAFIai. The ELISA utilizes PTCI as the capture agent and a double antibody sandwich technique for the detection. Low levels of TAFIa/ai antigen levels were detected in normal plasma and elevated levels were found in hemophilia A plasmas. TAFIa/ai antigen represents a novel marker to monitor fibrinolysis and TAFIa/ai ELISA may be a valuable assay for studying the role of TAFI in normal hemostasis and in pathological conditions.
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Recent Advances in the Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
John P. Hulme 한국바이오칩학회 2017 BioChip Journal Vol.11 No.2
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 20% of all documented S. aureus infections are attributable to MRSA, although for some developing countries this value can exceed 80%. Thus the rapid and accurate detection of MRSA in low resource settings (LDR) is becoming essential. Yet conventional microbial detection methods take from 1-5 days to identify MRSA. Recently, new types of automated laboratory methods as well as advances in nucleic acid testing, microfluidic technology, immunosensors, biosensors and point of care testing have reduced the time to detection to <1 hr. This review examines the current limitations and advances in methodologies employed in the rapid detection of MRSA.
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John P. Hulme,Seong Soo A. An 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.1
Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) also known as plasma procarboxypeptidase B or U is a 60 kD glycoprotein, which is the major modulator of fibrinolysis in plasma. TAFI is a proenzyme, which is activated by proteolytic cleavage to an active carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme (TAFIa, 35.8 kD) by thrombin/thrombomodulin and plasmin. Modulation of fibrinolysis occurs when TAFIa enzymatically removes C-terminal lysine residues of partially degraded fibrin, thereby inhibiting the stimulation of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) modulated plasminogen activation. TAFIa undergoes a rapid conformational change at 37℃ to an inactive isoform called TAFIai. Potato tuber carboxypetidase inhibitor (PTCI) was shown to specifically bind to TAFIa as well as TAFIai. In this study, a novel immunoassay TAFIa/ai ELISA was used for quantitation of the two TAFI activation isoforms TAFIa and TAFIai. The ELISA utilizes PTCI as the capture agent and a double antibody sandwich technique for the detection. Low levels of TAFIa/ai antigen levels were detected in normal plasma and elevated levels were found in hemophilia A plasmas. TAFIa/ai antigen represents a novel marker to monitor fibrinolysis and TAFIa/ai ELISA may be a valuable assay for studying the role of TAFI in normal hemostasis and in pathological conditions.
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John P. Hulme,Seong Soo A. An,Nicholas Goddard,Yuji Miyahara,Akio Oki 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2
A novel surface plasmon sensing platform has been fabricated in a flexible format. The procedure used to fabricate a grating coupler for SPR excitation combined standard replica molding techniques with room temperature nanoimprint lithography producing a smooth repeating structure 600 nm in width and 10 nm high. In initial tests the platform demonstrated an average signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 100:1 and sensitivity to changes in the bulk refractive index of water with temperature. A novel surface plasmon sensing platform has been fabricated in a flexible format. The procedure used to fabricate a grating coupler for SPR excitation combined standard replica molding techniques with room temperature nanoimprint lithography producing a smooth repeating structure 600 nm in width and 10 nm high. In initial tests the platform demonstrated an average signal-to-noise ratio in excess of 100:1 and sensitivity to changes in the bulk refractive index of water with temperature.
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The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd–Ag/V–Ni alloy composite membrane
John Hulme,Masao Komaki,Chikashi Nishimura,곽지혜 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.4
The effects of gas mixtures on hydrogen permeation through Pd―Ag coated V―Ni composite membranes were investigated by gas permeation technique in the temperature range of 473―673 K at atmospheric pressure. Dense Pd―25Ag layer was sputtered on the V―15Ni alloy film prepared by arc-melting. Hydrogen permeation experiments for as-prepared Pd―Ag/V―Ni composite membrane were carried out with pure hydrogen and different gas mixtures of H_2/CO_2 and H_2/H_2S. Long-term permeation tests were performed with the mixture feed of 30%-CO_2 in H_2 and 11 ppm-H_2S in H_2. As the percentage of gas impurity increased, the hydrogen permeability decreased. However, the composite membrane did not suffer irreparable damage when exposed to CO_2 and the flux value for pure hydrogen was readily recovered by post-treatment in the permeation system. For the H_2S impurity, the interaction with the membrane surface was significantly different compared to CO_2. Membrane permeability rapidly deteriorated when exposed to a small percentage of H_2S. Nevertheless, the membrane does not seem to be damaged as the permeability was fully recovered by longer post-treatment with pure hydrogen.
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Analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles binding proteins in rat blood and brain homogenate
Shim, Kyu Hwan,Hulme, John,Maeng, Eun Ho,Kim, Meyoung-Kon,An, Seong Soo A Dove Medical Press 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE Vol.9 No.2
<P>Nanoparticles (NPs) are currently used in chemical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and electronic products. Nevertheless, limited safety information is available for many NPs, especially in terms of their interactions with various binding proteins, leading to potential toxic effects. Zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs are included in the formulation of new products, such as adhesives, batteries, ceramics, cosmetics, cement, glass, ointments, paints, pigments, and supplementary foods, resulting in increased human exposures to ZnO. Hence, we investigated the potential ZnO nanotoxic pathways by analyzing the adsorbed proteins, called protein corona, from blood and brain from four ZnO NPs, ZnO<SUP>SM20(−)</SUP>, ZnO<SUP>SM20(+)</SUP>, ZnO<SUP>AE100(−)</SUP>, and ZnO<SUP>AE100(+)</SUP>, in order to understand their potential mechanisms in vivo. Through this study, liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy technology was employed to identify all bound proteins. Totals of 52 and 58 plasma proteins were identified as being bound to ZnO<SUP>SM20(−)</SUP> and ZnO<SUP>SM20(+)</SUP>, respectively. For ZnO<SUP>AE100(−)</SUP> and ZnO<SUP>AE100(+)</SUP>, 58 and 44 proteins were bound, respectively. Similar numbers of proteins were adsorbed onto ZnO irrespective of size or surface charge of the nanoparticle. These proteins were further analyzed with ClueGO, a Cytoscape plugin, which provided gene ontology and the biological interaction processes of identified proteins. Interactions between diverse proteins and ZnO nanoparticles could result in an alteration of their functions, conformation, and clearance, eventually affecting many biological processes.</P>
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Recent Trends in the Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli O157 : H7
Si-Ying Wu,John P. Hulme,안성수 한국바이오칩학회 2015 BioChip Journal Vol.9 No.3
The rapid and accurate detection of pathogenicEscherichia coli (E. coli) poses a significant healthproblem in both developed and developing countriesaround the world. Conventional microbial detectionmethods can take more than 48 hours to identify a pathogenic organism. Recently new types of nucleic acid chip based methods, microfluidic devices, signal amplification methods, immunoassays and biosensors have been developed capable of detecting very low concentrations of pathogenic E. coli in a few hours. This review examines the current limitations and recent advances in methodologies employed in the rapid detection of pathogenic E. coli O157 : H7.
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Van Giau, Vo,An, Seong Soo A,Hulme, John Dove Medical Press 2019 Drug design, development and therapy Vol.13 No.-
<P>The worldwide misuse of antibiotics and the subsequent rise of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria have prompted a paradigm shift in the established view of antibiotic and bacterial–human relations. The clinical failures of conventional antibiotic therapies are associated with lengthy detection methods, poor penetration at infection sites, disruption of indigenous microflora and high potential for mutational resistance. One of the most promising strategies to improve the efficacy of antibiotics is to complex them with micro or nano delivery materials. Such materials/vehicles can shield antibiotics from enzyme deactivation, increasing the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug. Alternatively, drug-free nanomaterials that do not kill the pathogen but target virulent factors such as adhesins, toxins, or secretory systems can be used to minimize resistance and infection severity. The main objective of this review is to examine the potential of the aforementioned materials in the detection and treatment of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic organisms.</P>
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Wu, Si-Ying,Park, Gil-Yong,Kim, So-Hee,Hulme, John,An, Seong Soo A Dove Medical Press 2016 Drug design, development and therapy Vol.10 No.-
<P>The aim of this study was to investigate the bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of diminazene aceturate (DA) against five strains of pathogenic bacteria and two strains of nonpathogenic bacteria. The results showed that 5 μg/mL of DA suppressed the growth of pathogenic <I>Escherichia coli</I> by as much as 77% compared with the controls. Enterohemorrhagic <I>E. coli</I> EDL933 (an <I>E. coli</I> O157:H7 strain) was the most sensitive to DA with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 20 μg/mL. Additional investigations showed that DA induced the highest level of intracellular reactive oxygen species in EDL933. A positive correlation between the reactive oxygen species levels and DA concentration was demonstrated. DA (5 μg/mL) was also a potent uncoupler, inducing a stationary phase collapse (70%–75%) in both strains of <I>E. coli</I> O157:H7. Further investigation showed that the collapse was due to the NaCl:DA ratio in the broth and was potassium ion dependent. A protease screening assay was conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanism. It was found that at neutral pH, the hydrolysis of H-Asp-pNA increased by a factor of 2–3 in the presence of DA, implying that DA causes dysregulation of the proton motive force and a decrease in cellular pH. Finally, a commercial verotoxin test showed that DA did not significantly increase toxin production in EDL933 and was a suitable antibacterial agent for Shiga-toxin-producing <I>E. coli</I>.</P>
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