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        Ginsenoside Rg1 supplementation clears senescence-associated β-galactosidase in exercising human skeletal muscle

        Jinfu Wu,Suchada Saovieng,I-Shiung Cheng,Tiemin Liu,Shangyu Hong,Chang-Yu Lin,I-Chen Su,Chih-Yang Huang,Chia-Hua Kuo 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

        Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-β-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-β-gal change, 12 young men (age 21±0.2 years) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% VO2max). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% VO2max) was conducted on another 12 participants (age 23±0.5 years) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-β-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-β-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and CD68+(PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p=0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1:-32%, p<0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.

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        Ginsenoside Rg1 supplementation clears senescence-associated β-galactosidase in exercising human skeletal muscle

        Wu, Jinfu,Saovieng, Suchada,Cheng, I-Shiung,Liu, Tiemin,Hong, Shangyu,Lin, Chang-Yu,Su, I-Chen,Huang, Chih-Yang,Kuo, Chia-Hua The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.4

        Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-${\beta}$-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle. Methods: To examine SA-${\beta}$-gal change, 12 young men (age $21{\pm}0.2years$) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% $VO_{2max}$). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% $VO_{2max}$) was conducted on another 12 participants (age $23{\pm}0.5years$) with the same experimental design. Results: No changes of SA-${\beta}$-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-${\beta}$-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, p < 0.05) and $CD68^+$ (PLA:+78% vs. Rg1:+121%, p = 0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA:+5% vs. Rg1 -32%, p < 0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.

      • Low Level Segmentation of Motion Capture Data based on Hierarchical Clustering with Cosine Distance

        Yang Yang,Jinfu Chen,Zhanzhan Liu,Yongzhao Zhan,Xinyu Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.8 No.4

        3D motion capture is to track and record human movements. In recent years, it has been applied into many fields, such as human computer interaction, animation, etc. Low-level segmentation of motion capture data is of significance to the various applications of 3D motion capture; however, due to the high dimensionality of motion capture data, traditional low-level segmentation methods can hardly work out a suitable segmentation for motion capture data. In order to solve this problem, a low-level temporal segmentation algorithm based on cosine distance is proposed, hierarchical clustering is explored so that similar velocity vectors are clustered together according to the cosine distance in a progressive way, the center of each cluster is updated as the vector derived with linear regression, the segment boundaries are determined as the point when the cosine distance between adjacent velocity vectors is greater than 1 (angle>90 degrees). We have conducted experiments on the motion capture database provided by Carnegie Mellon University (CMU), the experiment results show that the performance of the proposed method is optimistic.

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