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Sang-Jo Park,Jun-Hong Park,Chan-Yong Kim,Young-Jin Seo,Oh-Heun Kwon,Jong-Gun Won,Suk-Hee Lee 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.2
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the soil fertility about plastic film house, upland, and orchard in Gyeongbuk Province, Korea. The surface chemical properties of soil samples were investigated every 4 year from 2000 year at upland, 2001 year at orchard, and 2002 year at plastic film house. During 12 year’s monitoring, mean soil pH was increased by 0.7 and 0.8 pH unit from pH 5.7 in upland and orchard, respectively, 0.5 pH unit from pH 6.5 in plastic film house. About 50% of all the field samples occupied within the recommended pH range (pH 6-7). Although soil organic matter (SOM) was gradually increased by about 10 g ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP> for 12 years, 40% of orchard, 49% of plastic film house, and 77% of upland soil samples were still below the 3% SOM. The mean concentration of available phosphate for 12 years in upland, orchard, and plastic film house were 530, 600, and 760 mg ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The relative frequencies exceeding the recommended available phosphate range (300-550 ㎎ ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>) were 43%, 53%, and 66% at upland, orchard, and plastic film house soils, respectively. NH₄OAc exchangeable K⁺ of upland, orchard, and plastic film house in the last soil test were 0.8, 0.9, and 1.6 cmolc ㎏<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The relative frequencies above the recommended K level were 56% and 70% of orchard and plastic film house soil samples, respectively. The levels of crop nutrients except exchangeable Ca and Mg in upland soil were tended to increase gradually in the three fields. Exchangeable Mg, EC, available phosphate, organic matter and soil pH could be used as principle components to differentiate the chemical properties of three land fields. This analysis revealed that the soil fertility was affected by cropping method and field management, although additional research is needed to assess the importance of management on soil chemical properties and many fields indicate an opportunity for improvement in fertilizer management.
Comparison of MAST-CLA results in chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis
( Sang Hyeon Hwang ),( Hyun Min Seo ),( Heun Joo Lee ),( Yoon Hwan Kim ),( Joon Hong Min ),( Joon Lee ),( You Jin Yang ),( Seung Jae Lee ),( Ji Hye Park ),( Chong Won Choi ),( Ga Young Lee ),( Soo Hon 대한피부과학회 2012 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.64 No.3
Effect of tramadol on bispectral index during anesthesia with desflurane
Sang Hun Kim,Keum Young So,Chong Dal Chung,Byung Sik Yoo,Kyung Joon Lim,Tae Hun An,Hyun Young Lee,Sang Jin Lee,Bo Heun Yu 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.56 No.4
Background: This study is aimed to investigate the effect of tramadol on the bispectral index (BIS) during anesthesia with desflurane. Methods: One hundred fifty adults, ASA class 1 and 2 patients, scheduled for general anesthesia for elective surgical procedures were included in this study. None of the patients were premedicated and anesthesia was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and maintained with air-oxygen (FiO2 0.5) and desflurane, adjusted to keep the BIS between from 50 and 60. Forty minutes before completing surgery, the subjects were randomly allocated into 3 groups to receive saline (control group), tramadol 1.5 mg/kg (T1 group) or 3.0 mg/kg (T2 group) intravenously. Hemodynamics and BIS values were then recorded every 5 minutes until completion of the operation, during which time the concentrations of desflurane were not modified. Results: The mean BIS values after tramadol administration weren`t significantly different from the control group throughout the period of observation. No significant changes in the hemodynamics were noted, except systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure in the T1 and T2 groups significantly increased in the first 5 minutes after the tramadol injection. Conclusions: The results indicate that the administration of tramadol while maintaining anesthesia with desflurane, adjusted to keep the BIS between 50 and 60, does not modified BIS values. So, we propose that tramadol can be safely administered as an immediate postoperative analgesia without concern about intra-operative awareness. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009;56:375~80)
Jin, Hana,Eun, So Young,Lee, Jong Sil,Park, Sang Won,Lee, Jae Heun,Chang, Ki Churl,Kim, Hye Jung BioMed Central 2014 Breast cancer research Vol.16 No.5
<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>Extracellular nucleotides are released and detectable in a high concentration within the tumor microenvironment. G protein-coupled P2Y<SUB>2</SUB> nucleotide receptor (P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R) is activated equipotently by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP), which mediate proinflammatory responses such as cell migration and proliferation. However, the role of P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R in the process of cancer metastasis remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R in the proliferation, migration and invasion of highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through crosstalk with endothelial cells (ECs).</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>ATP release and P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R activity between high metastatic breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and low metastatic breast cancer cell MCF-7 were compared. Then, the role of P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R on tumor growth and invasion via crosstalk with ECs was examined in vitro, using MDA-MB-231 cells and ECs transfected with control- or P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R-siRNA, and in vivo, using an animal model injected with control-shRNA- or P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R-shRNA-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>We found that this highly metastatic breast cancer cell line released higher levels of ATP and showed a higher P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R activity in comparison to a low metastatic breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. In MDA-MB-231 cells, P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R activation by ATP or UTP increased proliferation at 24 or 72 hours, which was abolished by P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R knock-down. In addition, the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells to ECs and cell migration were both significantly increased by ATP or UTP through the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in MDA-MB-231 or ECs but not in cells where P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R was knocked down. Furthermore, ATP- or UTP-mediated activation of P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R induced MDA-MB-231 invasion through ECs, increased matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in MDA-MB-231 and induced the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin in ECs. Tumor growth and metastasis to other tissues were dramatically reduced, and body weight was increased in mice injected with P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R-shRNA-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells compared to mice injected with control shRNA-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>This study suggests that P2Y<SUB>2</SUB>R may play an important role in cancer metastasis via modulation of the crosstalk between cancer cells and ECs.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/bcr3694) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Highly Durable and Flexible Transparent Electrode for Flexible Optoelectronic Applications
Jin, Sang Woo,Lee, Yong Hui,Yeom, Kyung Mun,Yun, Junyeong,Park, Heun,Jeong, Yu Ra,Hong, Soo Yeong,Lee, Geumbee,Oh, Seung Yun,Lee, Jin Ho,Noh, Jun Hong,Ha, Jeong Sook American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.36
<P>A highly-durable, highly-flexible transparent electrode (FTE) is developed by applying a composite made of a thin metal grid and a doped conducting polymer onto a colorless polyimide-coated NOA63 substrate. The proposed FTE exhibits a transparency of 90.7% at 550 nm including the substrate and a sheet resistance of 30.3 Ω/sq and can withstand both moderately high-temperature annealing (∼180 °C) and acidic solution (70 °C, pH 0.3) processes without performance degradation. The fabricated FTE yielded good mechanical stability under 10 000 cycles of bending deformations at a bending radius less than 1 mm without degradation of electrical conductivity. The high durability of the proposed FTE allows for the fabrication of flexible energy harvesting devices requiring harsh conditions, such as highly flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) with a steady-state power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.7%. Notably, 93% of the original PCE is maintained after 2000 bending cycles at an extremely small bending radius of 1.5 mm. The FPSCs installed on curved surfaces of commercial devices drive them under various environments. The applicability of the proposed FTE is further confirmed via the fabrication of a flexible perovskite light-emitting diode. The proposed FTE demonstrates great potential for applications in the field of flexible optoelectronic devices.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
( Jin Woo Park ),( Ja Sung Choi ),( Ki Joon Han ),( Sang Heun Lee ),( Eui Joo Kim ),( Jae Hee Cho ) 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.6
Background/Aims: Several epidemiological studies have validated the association of interleukin gene polymorphisms with acute pancreatitis (AP) in different populations. However, there have been few studies in Asian ethnic groups. We aimed to investigate the relationships between inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms and AP as pilot research in a Korean ethnic group. Methods: Patients who had been diagnosed with AP were prospectively enrolled. DNA was extracted from whole blood, and DNA sequencing was subsequently performed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the interleukin 1β (IL1B), interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFA) genes of patients with AP were compared to those of normal controls. Results: Between January 2011 and January 2013, a total of 65 subjects were enrolled (40 patients with AP vs. 25 healthy controls). One intronic SNP (IL1RN -1129T>C, rs4251961) was significantly associated with the risk of AP (odds ratio, 0.304; 95% confidence interval, 0.095 to 0.967; p = 0.043). However, in our study, AP was not found to be associated with polymorphisms in the promoter regions of inflammatory cytokine genes, including IL1B (-118C>T, c47+242C>T, +3954C/T, and -598T>C) and TNFA (-1211T>C, -1043C>A, -1037C>T, -488G>A, and -418G>A). Conclusions: IL1RN -1129T>C (rs4251961) genotypes might be associated with a significant increase of AP risk in a Korean ethnic group.