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Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate 처리 남아프리카산발톱개구리에서의 vitellogenin 발현
박응로,이철우,류지성,남성숙,전성환,나진균,최덕일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.1
The estrogenic potency of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) using reverse transcriptase-PCR response of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) was studied. Male frogs were injected with DEHP at dose of 300 ㎍/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight through the dorsal lymph sac. After 4 days, using suitable pair of RT-PCR primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in the liver was measured and DEHP showed vitellogenin mRNA induction in only the group treated with 300 mg/kg. Any significant histological abnormalities by the exposure of DEHP was not shown in both testis and liver.
AOPWIN을 이용한 Acetanilide의 광분해 특성 평가
권민정,최윤호,송상환,박혜연,구현주,정성환,나진균,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.3
Acetanilide is a High Production Volume Chemical, which is produced about 2,300 tons/year in Korea as of 1998 survey. Most is used as an intermediate for synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes, and the chemical is one of seven chemicals of which human and environmental risk are being assessed by National Institute of Environmental Research under the frame of OECD SIDS program. The Atmospheric Oxidation Program for Microsoft Windows (AOPWIN) is used to estimates the rate constant for the atmospheric, gas-phase reaction between photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals and organic chemicals. It is also used to estimates the rate constant for the gas-phase reaction between ozone and olefinic/acetylenic compounds. The rate constants estimated by the program are then used to calculate atmospheric half-lives for organic compounds based upon average atmospheric concentrations of hydroxyl radicals and ozone. AOPWIN requires only a chemical structure to make these predictions. Structures are entered into AOPWIN by SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System) notations. In this study, one of environmental fate/distribution of the chemical elements, photodegradation of acetanilide was estimated using AOPWIN model based on SMILES notation and chemical name data.
카드뮴 측적량과 붕어(Carassius auratus) 아가미 조직 변화의 상관성에 관한 연구
배희경,김은경,남성숙,문창규,전성환,나진균,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1
Histopathological changes and cadmium accumulations in the gills were investigated in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 mg/l cadmium (Cd)concentrations for 25 days. After 25 days of exposure, cadmium accumulations increased in each of the different exposure concentrations. Histopathological changes in the gills of curcian carp exposed to cadmium included the acidification of mucous cell, the terminal clubbing of lamellae, the hyperplasia of epitherial cell and the curved of secondary lamellae. The similar histopathological changes were observed once the accumulations of cadmium reached the similar levels found in the present study with the different exposure schemes. Also the acidification of mucous cell in gills appeared when cadmium accumulations reached 5 ㎍/g and more. These results suggested that histopathological changes in the gills, an appearance of mucous cell acidification, be used to estimate the relation between toxic effect and cadmium accumulations in the gills.
Benzoyl peroxide의 환경에서의 초기 위해성 평가
김미경,배희경,김수현,송상환,구현주,박광식,이문순,전성환,나진균 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.1
Benzoyl peroxide is a High Production Volume Chemical, which is produced about 1,375 tons/year in Korea as of 2001 survey. The substance is mainly used as initiators in polymerization, catalysts in hte plastics industry, bleaching agents for flour nad medication for acne vulgaris. In this study, quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships(QSAR) are used for getting adequate information on the physical-chemical properties of this chemical. And hydrolysis in water, acute toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms for benzoyl peroxide were studied. The physical-chemical properties of benzoyl peroxide were estimated as followed; vapor pressure=0.00929 pa, Log K_(ow)=3.43, Henry's Law constant=3.54×10^(-6) atm-m³/mole at 25℃, the half-life of photodegradation=3days and bioconcentration factor(BCF)=92. Hydrolysis half-life of benzoyl peroxide in water was 5.2hr at pH 7 at 25℃ and according to the structure of this substance hydrolysis product was expected to benzoic acid. Benzoyl peroxide has toxic effects on the aquatic organisms. 72 hr-ErC_(50)(growth rate) for algae was 0.44mg/L, 48hr-EC_(50) for daphnia was 0.07mg/L and the 96hr-LC_(50) of acute toxicity to fish was 0.24mg/L. Acute toxicity to terrestrial organisms(earth worm) of benzoyl peroxide was low(14 day-LC_(50)=>1,000mg/kg). Although benzoyl peroxide is high toxic to aquatic organisms, the substance is not bioaccumulated because of the rapid removal by hydrolysis (half life=5.2hr at pH 7 at 25℃) and biodegradation(8.% by BOD after 21days). The toxicity observed is assumed to be due to benzoyl peroxide rather than benzoic acid, which shows much lower toxicity to aquatic organisms. One can assume that effects occur before hydrolysis takes place. From the acute toxicity value of algae, daphnia and fish, an assessment factor of 100 was used to determine the predicted no effect concentration(PNEC). The PNEC was calculated to be 0.7㎍/L based on the 48hr-EC_(50) daphnia(0.07mg/L). The substance shows high acute toxicity to aquatic organisms and some information indicates wide-dispersive use of this substance. So this substance is a candidate for further work, even if it hydrolysis rapidly and has a low bioaccumulation potential. This could lead to local concern for the aquatic environment and therefore environmental exposure assessment is recommended.
남성숙,이철우,류지성,박응로,남규찬,류홍일,전성환,나진균,최덕일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.2
To evaluate the arsenic effect of fish endocrine disruption, crucian carp (Carassius auratus) were treated with 0.5 mg/L and 3.0mg/L of As₂O₃ for 14 days and gonadal development was examined by histological analysis. In ovaries from female crucian carps exposed to 3.0mg/L, immature follicles and atretic follicles were appeared while various normal developmental stages of oocytes were shown in control group. Body weight and Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of treated carp were also decreased compared to control group. However, no other significant histological changes in liver or kidney were shown in this exposure scheme, This means that reproductive organs are more sensitive than other organs and arsenic may exert endocrine disrupting effect through inhibiting the development of reproductive organ in fish.
식중독 위험성 인식이 높은 잠재적 위해식품 섭취실태조사
박희진(Hee Jin Park),민경진(Kyung Jin Min),박나윤(Na Yoon Park),조준일(Joon Il Cho),이순호(Soon Ho Lee),황인균(In Gyun Hwang),허진재(Jin Jae Heo),윤기선(Ki Sun Yoon) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.1
식중독의 원인이 될 수 있는 가능성이 있는 식품을 잠재적 위해식품이라 하며 이 식품들의 섭취행태가 정확이 파악되어야 정확한 미생물 위해평가를 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 50가지 잠재적 위해식품을 선정하고 대한민국의 성인을 대상으로 잠재적 위해식품의 섭취 실태를 조사하기 위해 전국의 성인 남녀 1,000명을 5월과 8월에 나누어 설문조사를 하였다. 월 1회 이상 섭취하는 빈도를 보았을 때 쌈야채는 소비자의 91.3%가 월 1회 이상 자주 섭취하는 것으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 데친 나물류는 72.3%, 닭튀김은 68.1%였으며 그 뒤로 파채(67.9%), 맛살/어묵(67.3%), 부추(65.3%), 삼각김밥(62.5%), 계란지단/찜(62.4%), 샐러드(59.8%), 오징어/문어(58.7%) 순으로 나타났다. 소비자의 위험인식도가 가장 높은 식품은 조개로 4.36점으로 조사되었으며 홍합(4.35점), 생굴(4.30점), 육회(4.29점), 생선회(4.27점), 해삼/멍게(4.19점), 꼬막(4.16점), 참치회(4.10점), 초밥(4.08점), 날치알(3.95점)의 순서로 나타나 수산물 및 수산가공품의 비율이 높게 나타났으며 이들의 위험인식도는 5월보다 8월이 더 높게 나타나 기온이 올라감에 따라 소비자들의 위험 인식도가 증가함을 볼 수 있다. 반면에 소비자는 위험하다고 생각하지 않는 식품으로는 부추가 1.93점으로 가장 낮게 나타났으며 쌈야채(2.00점), 파채(2.02점), 새싹채소/무순(2.12점), 생식/선식(2.40점), 샐러드(2.40점), 데친나물류(2.47점), 오징어채/포류(2.54점), 조미쥐포류(2.59점), 육포(2.63점) 순으로 나타났으며 미생물의 오염도가 높음에도 불구하고 위험 인식도가 낮아 이들 식품의 위험성에 대한 교육이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 잠재적 위해식품의 섭취실태조사는 식중독의 원인이 될 수 있는 식품의 위해도 분석 시 기초자료가 될 수 있으며 소비자들의 위험 인식 수준에 대해 지각하고 식중독 예방교육의 방향을 제시해 줄 수 있다. This study investigated the frequency, amount and consumption patterns of 50 potentially hazardous foods(PHF) along with consumers’ risk perceptions towards PHF in Korea. A quantitative survey was performed from May through August by trained interviewers, surveying 1,000 adults aged over 18 who were randomly selected from six major provinces in Korea. Consumers perceived seafood, including shellfish, mussel, sashimi and sushi, as the top foods with the highest risk, followed by raw sliced beef. The food with the highest frequency intake per month was leafy vegetables, which is used to wrap other foods, followed by blanched vegetables, fried chicken, etc. The group of middle aged individuals with economic stability had the highest frequency intake of sashimi and sushi. Respondents living in small regions consume greater PHF portions at once. Food safety education with regard to the risk of PHF is essential for consumers, with high frequent intake of PHF.
Jin Yong Kim,Pyoeng Gyun Choe,Yoonju Oh,Kyung Joong Oh,Jinsil Kim,So Jeong Park,Ji Hye Park,Hye Kyoung Na,Myoung-don Oh 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.5
In December 2019, a viral pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), began in Wuhan, China. We report the epidemiological and clinical features of the first patient with 2019-nCoV pneumonia imported into Korea from Wuhan. This report suggests that in the early phase of 2019-nCoV pneumonia, chest radiography would miss patients with pneumonia and highlights taking travel history is of paramount importance for early detection and isolation of 2019-nCoV cases.
Design of a Nuclear Reactor Controller Using a Model Predictive Control Method
Na, Man-Gyun,Jung, Dong-Won,Shin, Sun-Ho,Lee, Sun-Mi,Lee, Yoon-Joon,Jang, Jin-Wook,Lee, Ki-Bog The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2004 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.18 No.12
A model predictive controller is designed to control thermal power in a nuclear reactor. The basic concept of the model predictive control is to solve an optimization problem for finite future time steps at current time, to implement only the first optimal control input among the solved control inputs, and to repeat the procedure at each subsequent instant. A controller design model used for designing the model predictive controller is estimated every time step by applying a recursive parameter estimation algorithm. A 3-dimensional nuclear reactor analysis code, MASTER that was developed by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), was used to verify the proposed controller for a nuclear reactor. It was known that the nuclear power controlled by the proposed controller well tracks the desired power level and the desired axial power distribution.