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Hydrothermal preparation of carbon microspheres from mono-saccharides and phenolic compounds
Ryu, Jihye,Suh, Young-Woong,Suh, Dong Jin,Ahn, Dong June Elsevier 2010 Carbon Vol.48 No.7
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Isolated carbon microspheres in a diameter range of 1–4μm were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of mono-saccharides (xylose for pentose and fructose for hexose) with phenolic compounds–phenol, resorcinol, and phloroglucinol. It was found that addition of these compounds, particularly phloroglucinol, into a sugar solution led to a substantial increase (roughly 20-fold) of the carbon yield. Mono-saccharides are dehydrated into furan compounds during hydrothermal carbonization, and these compounds subsequently react with phloroglucinol, as revealed by examination of high-performance liquid chromatograms. Through elemental analysis and spectroscopic studies, it was found that several oxygen functionalities including hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, ether, quinone, and ester groups were located throughout the carbon spheres derived from sugars and phloroglucinol. On the basis of the carbon formation mechanism, the C–O–C bond formed by linkage of OH groups of phenolic compounds preferentially exists at the core of carbon spheres whereas the outer carbon surface contains reactive oxygen functionalities such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxylic, and ester groups, corresponding with results obtained with sugar-derived carbon materials.</P>
영미 아동의 단음절 형용사 비교급 습득에 나타나는 음운적 제약
서지혜(JiHye Suh),전종섭(Jongsup Jun),이선영(SunYoung Lee) 한국외국어대학교 외국문학연구소 2016 외국문학연구 Vol.- No.61
Thisstudy investigates the phonological constraints on the English-speakingchildren’s acquisition of comparative forms focusing on the finalsegments of monosyllabic adjectives from the CHILDES databases.Earlier studies indicate that word-final phoneme plays an importantrole when children choose between synthetic- (e.g. hard-er) andperiphrastic- comparatives (e.g. more difficult). The present studyexamines how this phonological factor interacts with children’s country,age and errors in the acquisition of comparatives using log-linearmodels. The results show that three- and four-year-old Americanchildren make errors significantly more than British children ofcorresponding ages, and that children's errors tend to be found inmonosyllabic adjectives ending in plosives.
가솔린 자동차용 연료 개질기의 온도와 연료조건에 따른 개질특성에 관한 연구
이지혜(Jihye Lee),장주찬(Juchan Jang),노형철(Hyungchul Noh),서호철(Hocheol Suh),박경석(KyoungSuk Park) 한국자동차공학회 2015 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2015 No.11
A reformate gas from hydrocarbon based fuel reformed consists of H₂, CO and CO₂. The purpose of this study is to reduce fuel consumption in gasoline automobiles for steam reforming. Steam reforming process needed high temperature and steam. In this paper, hydrogen reformer for using heat and steam of exhaust gas is investigated for reforming performance. The percentage of gasoline fuel addition was changed from 12.9~75.5 g/h and temperature varied 500~600 ℃. As a result, Hydrogen concentration was increased with the increase of fuel amount. Maximum hydrogen concentration is 8.24% in 75.5 g/h gasoline (20 duty %). Reaction temperature was higher than before the reaction. The component with a small amount of hydrocarbons which is smaller than gasoline was measured because hydrogen was created by re-synthesis after cracking a fuel in gasoline fuels.
Specific Near‐IR Absorption Imaging of Glioblastomas Using Integrin‐Targeting Gold Nanorods
Choi, Jihye,Yang, Jaemoon,Park, Joseph,Kim, Eunjung,Suh, Jin‐,Suck,Huh, Yong‐,Min,Haam, Seungjoo WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.21 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Molecular imaging using nanoprobes with high resolution and low toxicity is essential in early cancer detection. Here we introduce a new class of smart imaging probes employing PEGylated gold nanorods (GNRs) conjugated to cRGD for specific optical imaging of α<SUB>v</SUB>β<SUB>3</SUB> integrins from glioblastoma. GNRs exhibiting an optical resonance peak in the near‐infrared (NIR) region were synthesized using the seed‐mediated growth method. CTAB (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide) bilayer on the GNRs was replaced with a biocompatible stabilizer, heterobifunctional polyethyleneglycol (COOH‐PEG‐SH). Further, the carboxylated GNRs (PGNRs; PEG‐coated GNRs) were functionalized with cRGD using EDC‐NHS chemistry to formulate cRGD‐conjugated GNRs (cRGD‐PGNRs) for α<SUB>v</SUB>β<SUB>3</SUB> integrins. In order to assess the potential of the cRGD‐PGNRs as a targeted imaging probe, we investigated their optical properties, biocompatibility, colloidal stability and in vitro/in vivo binding affinities for cancer cells. Consequently, cRGD‐PGNRs demonstrated excellent tumor targeting ability with no cytotoxicity, as well as sufficient cellular uptake due to stable and prolonged blood circulation of cRGD‐PGNRs.</P>
Choi, Jihye,Kang, Byunghoon,Kim, Hyun-Ouk,Suh, Jin-Suck,Haam, Seungjoo,Yang, Jaemoon The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Nanoscale Vol.11 No.5
<P>Herein, we report a <I>de novo</I> synthesis approach to produce bandgap-controlled polyaniline (PAni) nanostructure <I>via</I> Mn-mediated oxidative polymerization at the catalytic nanoreactor. To achieve systemic nanoconfined polymerization, manganese oxide (MnOx) nanoparticles coated with silica were used as the sacrificial nanotemplate. Interestingly, the catalytic nanoreactor simultaneously allowed the nanoconfined oxidative polymerization and controlling of the bandgap. MnOx could be reduced by the addition of aniline monomers and consecutive redox reaction at the nanoreactor. Furthermore, core cavity was generated, and ionized Mn could control the bandgap by coordination at the nanostructures.</P>