Long Noncoding RNA MHRT Protects Cardiomyocytes against H2O2-Induced Apoptosis

( Jianying Zhang ),( Caihua Gao ),( Meijuan Meng ),( Hongxia Tang ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.1

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The exploration of new biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of AMI therefore becomes one of the primary task. In the current study, we aim to detect whether there is any heart specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) releasing into the circulation during AMI, and explore its function in the neonatal rat cardiac myocytes injury induced by H2O2. Our results revealed that the cardiac-specific lncRNA MHRT (Myosin Heavy Chain Associated RNA Transcripts) was significantly elevated in the blood from AMI patients compared with the healthy control (*p<0.05). Using an in vitro neonatal rat cardiac myocytes injury model, we demonstrated that lncRNA MHRT was upregulated in the cardiac myocytes after treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, we knockdowned the MHRT gene by siRNA to confirm its roles in the H2O2-induced cardiac cell apoptosis, and found that knockdown of MHRT led to significant more apoptotic cells than the non-target control (**p<0.01), indicating that the lncRNA MHRT is a protective factor for cardiomyocyte and the plasma concentration of MHRT may serve as a biomarker for myocardial infarction diagnosis in humans AMI.

刑事速裁案件集中审理的正当性 及其保障

Jianying Zhang,김영진 단국대학교 법학연구소 2018 법학논총 Vol.42 No.4

The trial work of criminal quick-adjudication procedure carried out well and achieved remarkable results; at the same time, it also caused problems. Since it is an experimental reform, a series of exploratory practices have appeared in practice, among which centralized adjudication is one of them. "centralized hearing" means that the same group of public prosecutors and judges deal with many different cases in turn in the same time period in order to avoid the cumbersome procedure caused by the respective court sessions, in order to improve the efficiency of adjudication. The facts are clear, the evidence is sufficient, the suspect or defendant has no objection to the fact of the crime, and the penalty is lighter, so the case can be dealt with. The same cases are heard in a centralized manner. The centralized adjudication procedure can fill the loophole of our country's summary procedure effectively. On the one hand, the examination and approval of criminal summary procedure is too cumbersome. Meeting discussion system, leading examination and approval system seriously reduced the work efficiency of summary procedure cases. On the other hand, the legal documents of summary procedure are too complicated, which results in too much time for the clerical work and increases the burden on the case handlers. Furthermore, the suitable criminal procedure can effectively solve the difficult situation of speeding up the summary procedure, and make the judicial resources shift from the equal allocation to the differentiated allocation. However, the lower rate of application of the procedure and The voluntary nature of the defendant's confession is difficult to obtain effective protection and so on. There are also structural defects in the start-up and transformation mechanism. The root cause is the fuzziness of the basis of its construction-justification. Therefore, this paper first investigates and analyzes the first-line experience of the centralized adjudication procedure in each pilot area, and obtains the practical basis of its legitimacy. Secondly, with the popularization of summary procedure and rapid adjudication procedure and the expansion of the scope of application of the legal provisions, the necessity of centralized adjudication procedure is obtained. Finally, combining with the diversion mechanism from the source of the case on the basis of practice, the crime of applying the premise to the procedure of quick adjudication is committed. The mechanism of voluntary admission of guilt and punishment and the procedure to ensure the rights and interests of criminal suspects and defendants are from three angles: the initiation and transformation mechanism of the rights and interests of suspects and defendants; This paper puts forward three supporting measures to guarantee the feasibility of centralized adjudication of the speedy adjudication procedure, with the intention of providing a theoretical basis for realizing the legitimacy of the application of the criminal fast-adjudication procedure, and then improving the applicable rate of the criminal fast-adjudication procedure. 刑事速裁程序试点工作推行效果良好, 成绩显著;同时, 也暴漏了问题。因是一 项试验性改革, 实践中出现了有助于促进其推行的系列探索性做法, 对刑事速裁案 件实施集中审理就是其中之一。“集中审理”是指在同一时间段内由同一拨公诉人、 法官就多个不同的案件依次进行处理, 避免分别开庭引发的程序繁琐, 旨在提高裁 判效率。适用速裁程序审理的案件, 事实清楚、证据充分、犯罪嫌疑人或被告人对 犯罪事实无异议, 并且判处刑罚较轻, 故可以对案由相同的案件采用集中审理的方 式。刑事速裁程序集中审理能有效的填补中国刑事诉讼简易程序的漏洞。一方面, 刑事诉讼简易程序的审批环节过于繁琐。会议讨论制、领导审批制严重降低了简易 程序案件的工作效率。另一方面, 简易程序的法律文书也过于复杂, 导致办案人员 在文字工作上消耗了太多时间, 增加了办案人员的负担。再者, 刑事速裁程序的适 行, 能够有效解决简易程序提速难的困境, 使得司法资源由平均分配转向区别配 置。但是, 程序适用率较低以及被告人认罪的自愿性难以得到有效保障等问题同样 不容忽视, 这同样也暴漏出速裁程序启动与转化机制存在结构性缺陷等问题。究其 根本原因系其建构基点——正当化依据的模糊不清。由此本文首先考察分析各试点 地区刑事速裁程序集中审理的一线经验, 得出其正当性的实践依据。其次概括性分 析中国目前随着刑事诉讼简易程序和刑事速裁程序的推广使用和法律规定适用范围 之扩大, 得出速裁程序集中审理之必要性。最终, 结合实践基础从案件源头之分流 机制, 速裁程序适用前提之犯罪嫌疑人自愿认罪认罚机制和确保犯罪嫌疑人、被告 人权益的程序启动和转化机制三大角度;提出保障速裁程序集中审理的可行性的三 大配套措施, 意图为实现刑事速裁程序适用的正当性提供理论依据, 进而提高其适 用率。

Long Noncoding RNA MHRT Protects Cardiomyocytes against H₂O₂-Induced Apoptosis

Zhang, Jianying,Gao, Caihua,Meng, Meijuan,Tang, Hongxia The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.1

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The exploration of new biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of AMI therefore becomes one of the primary task. In the current study, we aim to detect whether there is any heart specific long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) releasing into the circulation during AMI, and explore its function in the neonatal rat cardiac myocytes injury induced by $H_2O_2$. Our results revealed that the cardiac-specific lncRNA MHRT (Myosin Heavy Chain Associated RNA Transcripts) was significantly elevated in the blood from AMI patients compared with the healthy control ($^*p<0.05$). Using an in vitro neonatal rat cardiac myocytes injury model, we demonstrated that lncRNA MHRT was upregulated in the cardiac myocytes after treatment with hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) via real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, we knockdowned the MHRT gene by siRNA to confirm its roles in the $H_2O_2$-induced cardiac cell apoptosis, and found that knockdown of MHRT led to significant more apoptotic cells than the non-target control ($^{**}p<0.01$), indicating that the lncRNA MHRT is a protective factor for cardiomyocyte and the plasma concentration of MHRT may serve as a biomarker for myocardial infarction diagnosis in humans AMI.

형사 속재(速載)사건 집중심리의 필요성과 정당성20)

장젠잉 ( Zhang Jianying ),김영진 ( Kim Youngjin ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2018 법학논총 Vol.42 No.4

중국은 형사재판에 속재의 시범적 실시를 한 결과 양호한 성과를 거둔 동시에 여러 문제점도 확인하게 되었다. 이 과정에서 일련의 새로운 방법들이 모색되었고 형사 속재사건의 집중심리제도가 그 중 하나이다. 형사안건의 집중심리는 같은 시간 동일 법정에서 동일한 공소인(검사)과 재판부가 유사한 유형의 사건을 모아서 순차적으로 사건을 심리하는 제도이다. 매 사건에 대하여 각각 다른 법정에서 재판하는 절차적인 번거로움을 피하고 재판의 효율을 제고하기 위한 것이다. 속재절차의 조건은 사건의 사실 관계가 명확하고, 증거가 충분하며, 범죄사실에 대하여 피의자나 피고인이 이의가 없으며, 가벼운 형을 선고하는 사건임으로 비슷한 유형의 사건들을 모아서 집중심리 하는 방식을 적용할 수 있는 것이다. 형사 속재절차의 집중심리는 중국 형사소송법에 규정되어 있는 간이절차의 부족한 부분을 보충하여 줄 수 있게 된다. 간이절차의 회의 토론제나 책임자의 심사비준제는 간이절차의 효율성을 심각하게 저하시켰으며, 간이절차의 복잡한 법률문서는 담당 재판부로 하여금 많은 시간을 문서의 작업에 소모하게 하여 결국 담당 재판부의 업무 부담을 가중시키게 된다. 다시 말하자면 형사속재절차의 시행은 간이절차가 신속하지 못하다는 현실적인 문제를 보다 효과적으로 해결할 수 있다. 사법의 자원을 평균하여 배치하던 것을 사건이 복잡한 것인지 아니면 간단한 것인지 구분하여 배치하는 방식으로 전환할 수 있도록 하였다. 하지만 아직 속재절차의 적용비율이 그다지 높지 않다는 점, 피고인 자백의 임의성을 효과적으로 보장하여야 하는 등의 문제가 있다. 속재절차의 시행과 그 전환과정에서 드러난 구조적 문제들도 역시 해결되어야 한다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해서는 그 근본적 원인을 분석해 보자면 형사 속재 절차 사건 집중심리의 정당성의 근거가 다소 모호한 점이 그 중의 하나이다. 본문은 중국 형사 속재절차 시범실시 지역의 경험을 고찰하여 그 정당성의 실천적 근거를 찾아 보고, 중국의 형사소송의 간이절차와 형사 속재절차의 확대 실시의 과정 및 법률에 규정된 적용범위의 확대 과정을 종합적으로 분석하여 속재과정 집중심리제의 도입의 필요성을 제안할 것이며, 속재사건의 원천적인 분류 시스템, 속재절차 적용의 전제인 피의자가 자신의 범죄를 자백하고 처벌에 이의가 없다는 것을 확인할 수 있는 시스템 및 피고인의 권익을 확보하기 위한 절차의 개시 및 전환 시스템의 마련의 필요성 등 주장을 제안하고자 한다. The trial work of criminal quick-adjudication procedure carried out well and achieved remarkable results; at the same time, it also caused problems. Since it is an experimental reform, a series of exploratory practices have appeared in practice, among which centralized adjudication is one of them. “centralized hearing” means that the same group of public prosecutors and judges deal with many different cases in turn in the same time period in order to avoid the cumbersome procedure caused by the respective court sessions, in order to improve the efficiency of adjudication. The facts are clear, the evidence is sufficient, the suspect or defendant has no objection to the fact of the crime, and the penalty is lighter, so the case can be dealt with. The same cases are heard in a centralized manner. The centralized adjudication procedure can fill the loophole of our country’s summary procedure effectively. On the one hand, the examination and approval of criminal summary procedure is too cumbersome. Meeting discussion system, leading examination and approval system seriously reduced the work efficiency of summary procedure cases. On the other hand, the legal documents of summary procedure are too complicated, which results in too much time for the clerical work and increases the burden on the case handlers. Furthermore, the suitable criminal procedure can effectively solve the difficult situation of speeding up the summary procedure, and make the judicial resources shift from the equal allocation to the differentiated allocation. However, the lower rate of application of the procedure and The voluntary nature of the defendant’s confession is difficult to obtain effective protection and so on. There are also structural defects in the start-up and transformation mechanism. The root cause is the fuzziness of the basis of its construction-justification. Therefore, this paper first investigates and analyzes the first-line experience of the centralized adjudication procedure in each pilot area, and obtains the practical basis of its legitimacy. Secondly, with the popularization of summary procedure and rapid adjudication procedure and the expansion of the scope of application of the legal provisions, the necessity of centralized adjudication procedure is obtained. Finally, combining with the diversion mechanism from the source of the case on the basis of practice, the crime of applying the premise to the procedure of quick adjudication is committed. The mechanism of voluntary admission of guilt and punishment and the procedure to ensure the rights and interests of criminal suspects and defendants are from three angles: the initiation and transformation mechanism of the rights and interests of suspects and defendants; This paper puts forward three supporting measures to guarantee the feasibility of centralized adjudication of the speedy adjudication procedure, with the intention of providing a theoretical basis for realizing the legitimacy of the application of the criminal fast-adjudication procedure, and then improving the applicable rate of the criminal fast-adjudication procedure.

Influence of Partial Replacement of NaCl with KCl on Formation of Volatile Compounds in Jinhua Ham during Processing

Yingyang Zhang,Haizhou Wu,Jing Tang,Mingming Huang,Jianying Zhao,Jianhao Zhang 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.2

The influence of partial replacement of NaCl with KCl on formation of volatile compounds during Jinhua ham processing was evaluated using GC/MS system. Jinhua ham was treated with either 100% NaCl (I) or 60% NaCl and 40% KCl (II). Formation of volatile compounds increased in Jinhua hams during processing for both salt formulations, particularly at the end of the salting period. There were differences in volatile compound formation between formulations I and II after 45 days of processing. Contents of lipid-derived volatiles (hexanal) and Strecker aldehydes (2-methylbutanal and 3- methylbutanal) were higher in Jinhua hams treated with formulation II after 45 days of processing. Partial salt replacement of NaCl with KCl changed formation of volatile compounds in Jinhua hams and may have affected the flavor of finished products.

Kinetic Investigations of RAFT Polymerization: Difunctional RAFT Agent Mediated Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate and Styrene

Jianying Ma,Hui Xuan Zhang 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.1

A difunctional reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) agent, S,S′-bis (α,α′-dimethylacetic acid)trithiocarbonate (BDAT) is synthesized and used as chain transfer agent (CTA) to mediate homopolymerization ofmethyl methacrylate (MMA) and random copolymerization of methyl methacrylate-styrene (St) system, respectively. Kinetic factors of these two polymerizations, which influence polymerization process and characteristics ofpolymers, are investigated. Experimental results show that molecular weights of polymers increase linearly withmonomer conversions and these two polymerization kinetics behaviors exhibit “controlled/living” characteristics. Forthe homopolymerization of MMA, molecular weights increase gradually and are close to their theoretical values. Wherever, for the random copolymerization of MMA-St system, the presence of St has important influence on thekinetics of copolymerization. Addition of St to this system induces an induction period and this period increase withincreasing content of St in monomer composition.

Construction of Crystalline Zn-Salphen Microporous Polymer Frameworks and Their Nanostructured Carbons Through Supramolecular Assembly of 1D Shape- Persistent Polymers

Jianying Wang,Xikui Liu,Wei Huang,Lili Pan,Haijiang Wang,Chaoliang Zhang 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.4

Experimental and numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics in a square channel with various truncated ribs

Jianying Gong,Xiong Zhang,Junxiong Zeng,Tieyu Gao,Weifeng Wu 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.8

Oblique ribs are widely applied to the internal cooling of turbine blades to promote the heat transfer between blade wall and coolant. In this study, the effect of several new types of truncated ribs on the heat transfer characteristics in 45° oblique rib channels is investigated experimentally and numerically. The numerical results obtained by the SST k-ω turbulence model agree well with the experimental data for the Reynolds number ranging from 10000 to 60000. The results indicate a significant entrance effect on the heat transfer in truncated rib channels. The numerical results show that ribs continuously truncated at 3.8 mm gives the best heat transfer performance among the newly truncated ribs. Compared with the original structure, the Nusselt number and heat transfer enhancement factor of newly truncated ribs increased by 24.6 % and 17.8 %, respectively. Concurrently, the friction factor is reduced by 5.1 %.

Research on Color Gray Code Encoding and Color Components Correction in 3D Measurement for Color Object

Fan Jianying,Liu Linchao,Gao Yang,Zhang Zeliang,Yu Lei,Liu Wei 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.5

Investigation of Aging Behavior and Thermal Stability of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Tri-block Copolymer in Blends

Xiong Xu,Jianying Yu,Canlin Zhang,Song Xu,Lihui Xue,Dong Xie 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.6

Aging behavior and thermal stability of styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer (SBS) in blends were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG). From the analysis of FTIR, the alcohol and carboxyl hydroxyl groups will be gradually generated during the thermal and ultraviolet aging, and the effect of short-term high temperature is more serious than longterm ultraviolet exposure on the structure of SBS; XPS results show that oxygen/carbon ratio of thermal and ultraviolet aged SBS have significantly increased, while the relative concentration of C-O-H(R) is far higher than that of COOH(R); inferred oxidation mechanism of SBS based on the analytical results of FTIR and XPS shows alcohol, carboxyl, ether, ketone, etc. have mainly formed in blends after thermal or ultraviolet aging; moreover, on account of the distribution index of carbon-oxygen binding state of thermal and ultraviolet aged SBS(respectively 3.15 and 1.28), C-O is easily produced than C=O and the effect of thermal aging is more obvious; from the results of TG, the maximum decomposition rate and temperature decrease after aging.