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Analysis of acne-related judicial precedents from 1997 to 2018 in South Korea
( Ji Hoon Yang ),( Soo Ick Cho ),( Su Hwan Shin ),( Won Lee ),( So Yoon Kim ),( Dae Hun Suh ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2
Background: Medicolegal disputes are increasing in practical medicine. Acne is a common problem but is usually related to cosmetic problems such as acne scars. Medications or procedures related to acne could lead to medical malpractice. Objectives: To analyze medical litigation associated with acne or acne scar in South Korea. Methods: Acne-related judgements were searched using the Supreme Court of Korea’s Written Judgment Management System based on the keywords “acne” or “acne scar.” Results: Eleven cases were selected as litigated cases of acne or acne scar. Eight cases (72.7%) were related to acne scar and three (27.3%) were related to acne. Treatment modalities such as peeling (n = 6), laser treatment (n = 3), photodynamic therapy (n = 1), and antibiotic (n = 1) resulted in lawsuit. Claimed sequelae of the treatment were hyperpigmentation (n = 5), scar worsening (n = 5), erythema (n = 3), skin bumps (n = 1), and liver transplant (n = 1). Eight cases (72.7%) were awarded to the plaintiff, and the others were dismissed. The average awarded amount was 16,801,324± 24,452,486 (mean±standard deviation) Korean Won. Conclusion: Various treatments for acne or acne scar can cause medical disputes. Unnecessary litigation could be prevented if simple measures such as history taking, choosing proper procedure, and adequate management after the procedure along with sufficient informed consent were performed.
Ji Hyun Yang,Seung Woo Park,Jeong Hoon Yang,Sung Won Cho,Hyo Song Kim,Kyoung A Choi,Ho Joong Kim 대한내과학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.23 No.2
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with hypertrophy of the basal septum is the most common etiology of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. In this article, we report the case of a patient with a structurally normal heart who developed hemodynamic deterioration due to severe LVOT obstruction following treatment with catecholamines. Hypovolemia accompanied with a hyperdynamic condition, resulting from catecholamine treatment, may cause dynamic LVOT obstruction due to the systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve leaflet. The solution for this is early recognition and correction of aggravating factors such as, withdrawal of catecholamine therapy and volume replacement.
Association between serum tumor necrosis factor-α and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis
Ji Won Han,Da In Kim,Hee Chul Nam,U Im Chang,Jin Mo Yang,Do Seon Song 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.2
Background/Aims: Sarcopenia is an independent prognostic factor of liver cirrhosis (LC). However, the association between LC-related systemic inflammation and sarcopenia is unclear. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with thioacetamide (TAA) or saline as a control. Rifaximin was administered to TAA-induced LC rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure inflammatory mediators in rat serum. RT-PCR was performed to measure the molecular expression in tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry were performed to investigate tissue pathology. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels, liver stiffness (LS), and the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) were measured in 60 patients with chronic liver disease. Results: LC and sarcopenia were successfully induced by TAA. Serum TNF-α levels were increased in LC rats and correlated with myostatin expression, muscle weight, and myofiber diameter. The expression of intestinal occludin and zona occludens-1 was reduced in LC rats and associated with serum TNF-α levels and sarcopenia. In patients with LS ≥7 kPa or sarcopenia, serum TNF-α levels were significantly increased, which was also confirmed when we raised the LS cutoff to 10 kPa. The L3SMI was inversely correlated with serum TNF-α levels in patients with LS ≥7 kPa. TNF-α was reduced by rifaximin, which might have resulted in reduced expression of muscular MuRF1 and myostatin and improvements in myofiber diameters within muscle tissues. Conclusions: These results suggest that serum TNF-α is associated with LC-related sarcopenia. Rifaximin might be effective in reducing serum TNF-α levels and improving sarcopenia in LC, but these results need to be validated in future studies.
Ji, Kon-Young,Jang, Ji-Hye,Lee, Eun-Hee,Kim, Su-Man,Song, Hyeong-Woo,Yang, Won-Kyung,Kim, Han-Young,Kim, Kun-Hoae,Lee, Young-Sil,Kim, Dong-Seon,Kang, Hyung-Sik,Kim, Seung-Hyung Elsevier 2018 Journal of Functional Foods Vol.45 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Canavalia gladiata</I> (<I>C. gladiata</I>) and <I>Arctium lappa</I> (<I>A. lappa</I>), used in traditional medicine and food. However, their preventive effects in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unclear. We found that the <I>C. gladiata</I> and <I>A. lappa</I> mixture suppressed inflammation in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The mixture increased the population and activation of immune cells, up-regulation of cell cycle, and induction of IgA and IgG production in wild-type mice. Furthermore, the extract mixture prevented clinical IBD symptoms and restored IgA production in IBD mice. Similarly, a mixture of the marker compounds, chicoric acid and lupeol, ameliorated IBD-associated clinical signs, improved the population and activation of immune cells and functional defects in natural killer (NK) cells and reduced production of IgA in these mice. In conclusion, the <I>C. gladiata</I> and <I>A. lappa</I> mixture ameliorated progression of DSS-induced IBD by enhancing immune responses and recovering functional immune cell defects.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>C. gladiata</I> and <I>A. lappa</I>, and their mixture had an anti-inflammation activity. </LI> <LI> <I>C. gladiata</I> and <I>A. lappa</I> and their mixture enhanced immune response in WT. </LI> <LI> Mixture of <I>C. gladiate</I> and <I>A. lappa</I>, can provide benefit in DSS-induced IBD models. </LI> <LI> The marker compounds can restore functional defect in DSS-induced IBD models. </LI> </UL> </P>
The Coating Effects of Al2O3 on a Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13]O2 Surface Modified with (NH4)2SO4
Ji-Woo Oh,Rye-Gyeong Oh,Jung-Eui Hong,Won-Geun Yang,류광선 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.5
A series of 20 wt % (NH4)2SO4 and 3 wt % Al2O3 surface treatments were applied to Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13]O2 substrates. The Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13]O2 substrates were synthesized using a co-precipitation method. Sample (a) was left pristine and variations of the 20 wt % (NH4)2SO4 and 3 wt % Al2O3 were applied to samples (b), (c) and (d). XRD was used to verify the space group of the samples as R3m. Additional morphology and particle size data were obtained using SEM imagery. The Al2O3 coating layers of sample (b) and (d) were confirmed by TEM images and EDS mapping of the SEM images. 2032-type coin cells were fabricated in a glove box in order to investigate their electrochemical properties. The cells were charged and discharged at room temperature (25 oC) between 2.0V and 4.8V during the first cycle. The cells were then charged and discharged between 2.0V and 4.6V in subsequent cycles. Sample (d) exhibited lower irreversible capacity loss (ICL) in the first charge-discharge cycle as compared to sample (c). Sample (d) also had a higher discharge capacity of ~250 mAh/g during the first and second charge-discharge cycles when compared with sample (c). The rate capability of the Al2O3-coated sample (b) and (d) was lower when compared with sample (a) and (c). Sample (d), coated with Al2O3 after the surface treatment with (NH4)2SO4, showed an improvement in cycle performance as well as an enhancement of discharge capacity. The thermal stability of sample (d) was higher than that of the sample (c) as the result of DSC.
GPR119: a promising target for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Yang, Jin Won,Kim, Hyo Seon,Im, Ji Hye,Kim, Ji Won,Jun, Dae Won,Lim, Sung Chul,Lee, Kyeong,Choi, Jong Min,Kim, Sang Kyum,Kang, Keon Wook The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2016 The FASEB Journal Vol.30 No.1
<P>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with metabolic syndrome and has the unique characteristic of excess lipid accumulation in liver. G-protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is a promising target for type 2 diabetes. However, the role of GPR119 activation in hepatic steatosis and its precise mechanism has not been investigated. In primary cultured hepatocytes from wild-type and GPR119 knockout (KO) mice, expression of lipogenic enzymes was elevated in GPR119 KO hepatocytes. Treatment of hepatocytes and HepG2 cells with GPR119 agonists in phase 2 clinical trials (MBX-2982 [MBX] and GSK1292263) inhibited protein expression of both nuclear and total sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1, a key lipogenesis transcription factor. Oral administration of MBX in mice fed a high-fat diet potently inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation and expression levels of SREBP-1 and lipogenesis-related genes, whereas the hepatic antilipogenesis effects of MBX were abolished in GPR119 KO mice. MBX activated AMPK and increased Ser-372 phosphorylation of SREBP-1c, an inhibitory form of SREBP-1c. Moreover, inhibition of AMPK recovered MBX-induced down-regulation of SREBP-1. These findings demonstrate for the first time that the GPR119 ligand alleviates hepatic steatosis by inhibiting SREBP-1-mediated lipogenesis in hepatocytes.</P>
Yang, Hyeri,Kim, Da-eun,Jang, Won-Hee,An, Susun,Cho, Sun-A,Jung, Mi-Sook,Lee, Ji Eun,Yeo, Kyung-Wook,Koh, Sang Bum,Jeong, Tae-Cheon,Kang, Mi-Jeong,Chun, Young-Jin,Lee, Su-Hyon,Lim, Kyung-Min,Bae, Seun Pergamon 2017 Toxicology in vitro Vol.39 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here, we report the results of a prevalidation trial for an <I>in vitro</I> eye irritation test (EIT) using the reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium, MCTT HCE™. The optimal cutoff to determine irritation in the prediction model was established at 35% with the receiver operation characteristics(ROC) curve for 126 substances. Within-lab(WL) and between-lab(BL) reproducibility was tested for 20 reference substances by 3 participating laboratories. Viability data described by mean±SD or ±1/2 difference between duplicate wells, and scatter plots, demonstrated the WL/BL consistency. WL/BL concordance with the binary decision, whether non-irritant or irritant was estimated to be 85–95% and 95%, respectively. WL/BL reproducibility of viability data was further supported by a strong correlation(ICC, <I>r</I> >0.9). WL/BL agreement of binary decisions was also examined by Fleiss' Kappa statistics, which showed a strong level of agreement (>0.78), nevertheless weaker than the reproducibility of the viability. The EIT with MCTT HCE™ exhibited a sensitivity of 82.2% (60/73), a specificity of 81.1% (43/53), and an accuracy of 81.8% (103/126) for 126 reference substances (for liquids; a sensitivity of 100% (47/47), a specificity of 70.6% (24/34), and an accuracy of 87.7% (71/81), and for solids, a sensitivity of 50% (13/26), a specificity of 100% (19/19), and an accuracy of 71.1% (32/45), suggesting that the accuracy is satisfactory but the sensitivity needs improvement, which shall be addressed through correcting the poor sensitivity for solid substances in future full validation trials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> MCTT™ HCE EIT employing water-soluble formazan WST-1, demonstrated a performance comparable to other RhCEs. </LI> <LI> Within- and between-lab reproducibility for 3 labs with 20 chemicals were 85–95% and 95% respectively. </LI> <LI> Predictive capacity for 126 chemicals was sensitivity 82.2%, specificity 81.1% and accuracy 81.8% </LI> </UL> </P>