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Kim, Seok-Joo,Choi, Hyo-Sun,Cho, Hong-Ik,Jin, Young-Woo,Lee, Eun-Kyong,Ahn, Jeung Youb,Lee, Sun-Mee The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4
Background: Panax ginseng has a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory functions. Wild ginseng cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) were obtained from P. ginseng cambium. This study examined the protective mechanism of wild ginseng CMCs against $\small{D}$-galactosamine (GalN)-induced liver injury. GalN, a well-known hepatotoxicant, causes severe hepatocellular inflammatory damage and clinical features similar to those of human viral hepatitis in experimental animals. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats using GalN (700 mg/kg, i.p.). Wild ginseng CMCs was administered orally once a day for 2 wks, and then 2 h prior to and 6 h after GalN injection. Results: Wild ginseng CMCs attenuated the increase in serum aminotransferase activity that occurs 24 h after GalN injection. Wild ginseng CMCs also attenuated the GalN-induced increase in serum tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-6 level, and hepatic cyclooxygenase-2 protein and mRNA expression. Wild ginseng CMCs augmented the increase in serum interleukin -10 and hepatic heme oxygenase-1 protein and mRNA expression that was induced by GalN, inhibited the increase in the nuclear level of nuclear factor-kappa B, and enhanced the increase in NF-E2-related factor 2. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that wild ginseng CMCs protects liver against GalN-induced inflammation by suppressing proinflammatory mediators and enhancing production of anti-inflammatory mediators.
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함초(나문재 및 퉁퉁마디) 추출물의 항산화 작용에 관한 연구(I)
전소미 ( So Mi Jeon ),김소이 ( So I Kim ),안정엽 ( Jeung Youb Ahn ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 대한화장품학회 2007 대한화장품학회지 Vol.33 No.3
본 연구에서는 함초 추출물(나문재 및 퉁퉁마디)의 항산화능을 조사하였다. 나문재 추출물의 free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) 소거활성(FSC<sub>50</sub>)은 100 % ethanol 추출물(329.33 g/mL) < 50 % ethanol 추출물(40.73) < ethylacetate 분획(13.87) < ethylacetate 분획에서 당을 제거시킨 aglycone 분획(7.80) 순으로 증가하였다. 퉁퉁마디의 경우, free radical 소거활성은 ethylacetate 분획 및 aglycone 분획이 각각 23.21 및 28.50 g/mL이었다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 Fe<sup>3+</sup>- EDTA/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> 계에서 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)에 대한 나문재 추출물의 총항산화능은 50 % ethanol 추출물(OSC<sub>50</sub>, 0.99 g/mL) < ethylacetate 분획(0.05) < aglycone 분획(0.03)순으로, aglycone 분획에서 가장 큰 활성을 나타내었다. 퉁퉁마디의 경우, ethylacetate 분획 및 당을 제거시킨 aglycone 분획의 ROS 소거활성은 각각 0.10 및 0.20 g/mL이었다. 나문재 및 퉁퉁마디 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈에 대한 억제 효과를 측정하였다. 100 % ethanol 나문재 추출물의 경우 농도 의존적(1 ∼ 100 g/mL)으로 광용혈을 억제하였다. 특히 ethylacetate 분획에서 당을 제거시킨 aglycone 분획은 50 g/mL 농도에서 τ<sub>50</sub>이 310 min으로 매우 큰 세포보호 효과를 나타내었다. 퉁퉁마디의 경우는 ethylacetate 분획에서 비교적 큰 세포보호 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과들은 나문재 추출물이 <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> 혹은 다른 ROS를 소광시키거나 소거함으로써 그리고 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 보호함으로써 생체계, 특히 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부에서 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 가리킨다. In this study, the antioxidative effects of Sueada asparagoides and Salicornia herbacea extracts were investigated. The free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity (FSC<sub>50</sub>) of extract/fractions of Sueada asparagoides was in the order: 100 % ethanol extract (329.33 g/mL) < 50 % ethanol extract (40.73) < ethylacetate fraction (13.87) < deglycosylated aglycone fraction (7.80). In case of Salicornia herbacea, the free radical scavenging activities of ethylacetate fraction and aglycone fraction were 13.87 and 7.80 g/mL, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities (OSC<sub>50</sub>) of Sueada asparagoides and Salicornia herbacea extracts on ROS generated in Fe<sup>3+</sup>-EDTA/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> system were investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The order of ROS scavenging activity of Sueada asparagoides extracts was 50 % ethanol extract (OSC<sub>50</sub>, 0.99 g/mL) < ethylacetate fraction (0.05) < aglycone fraction (0.03). Aglycone fraction showed the most prominent scavenging activity. In case of Salicornia herbacea, the ROS scavenging activities of ethylacetate fraction and aglycone fraction were 0.10 and 0.20 g/mL, respectively. The protective effects of extract/fractions of Sueada asparagoides and Salicornia herbacea on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The ethanol extract (100 %) of Sueada asparagoides diminished photohemolysis in a concentration dependent manner (1 ∼ 100 g/mL). Particularly deglycosylated aglycone fraction exhibited the most prominent celluar protective effect (τ<sub>50</sub>, 310 min at 50 g/mL). In case of Salicornia herbacea, ethylacetate fraction exhibited more potent protective effect. These results indicate that extract/fractions of Sueada asparagoides can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> and other ROS, and protect cellular membranes against ROS.
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Jinho Song,Junhee Lee,Kwanghee Ko,Won-Don Kim,Tae-Won Kang,Jeung-Youb Kim,Jong-Ho Nam 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1
In this paper, a method for classifying 3D unorganized points into interior and boundary points using a deep neural network is proposed. The classification of 3D unorganized points into boundary and interior points is an important problem in the nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surface reconstruction process. A part of an existing neural network PointNet, which processes 3D point segmentation, is used as the base network model. An index value corresponding to each point is proposed for use as an additional property to improve the classification performance of the network. The classified points are then provided as inputs to the NURBS surface reconstruction process, and it has been demonstrated that the reconstruction is performed efficiently. Experiments using diverse examples indicate that the proposed method achieves better performance than other existing methods.
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