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Jeesang Myung,Minh Duy Pham,Meiyan Cui,Hyein Lee,Byungkwan Lee,Jaewook Shin,Hyunseung Hwang,Changhoo Chun 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
When growing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.) seedlings in ultraviolet (UV) light deficit environment, like a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL), intumescence can occur on leaf and stem surfaces. Supplementation of UV-B light can suppress the intumescence, and also can modulate morphology and photomorphogenic responses in plants. Therefore, researching UV-B supplementation should be required for suppressing intumescence injury and finding out morphological and growth reactions for each tomato cultivar cultivated in PFAL. Seeds of ‘B-blocking’ and ‘DoterangDia’, which is representative cultivars of rootstocks and scions for grafted tomato transplants, respectively were sown and subsequently cultivated in a PFAL with white LEDs at a light intensity of 180 μmol m<SUP>-2</SUP>·s<SUP>-1</SUP> for 16 h·d<SUP>-1</SUP> and air temperature of 25/20°C and relative humidity of 70/90% (photo-/dark periods) for 21 days. UV-B light was supplemented to each cultivar at 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, or 0.15 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> for three hours per day. Intumescence incidence was measured for all the leaflets longer than 1 cm. Intumescence incidence of ‘B-blocking’ decreased significantly in UV-B supplementation treatments and less than 1% of ‘B-blocking’ plants grown at supplemental UV-B intensity of 0.1 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> and 0.15 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> showed an intumescence incidence. Leaf area and dry weights of shoot and root increased at UV-B intensity of 0.05 and 0.1 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> but decreased at 0.15 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> comparing to those in control. ‘DoterangDia’ plants in all treatments showed low rates of intumescence incidence compared to that of ‘B-blocking’, but they also showed decreased intumescence incidence as the UV-B intensity increased. The stem length of ‘DoterangDia’ plants increased at UV-B intensity of 0.05 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> compared to that in control. Results suggest that the response to supplementary UV-B light is cultivar-specific and the proper intensity for ‘B-blocking’ and ‘DoterangDia’ would be 0.1 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP> and 0.05 W·m<SUP>-2</SUP>, respectively. The different cultivar-specific responses to UV-B light between scion and rootstock cultivars would be due to the genetic differences among their major breeding resources.
Growth and Photosynthetic Changes of Paprika Transplants as Affected by Root-zone Cooling
Byungkwan Lee,Minh Duy Pham,Jaewook Shin,Jeesang Myung,Meiyan Cui,Hyein Lee,Changhoo Chun 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
To develop an energy-efficient root-zone cooling system for paprika (Capsicum annuum cv. Scirocco) transplant production in greenhouses during summer seasons, two root-zone cooling systems such as the nutrient solution cooling (NSC) and the pipe cooling (PC) systems were installed in a walk-in growth chamber, and the growth and physiological changes were compared. Seedlings 20 days after sowing were transplanted in the 1.4L-pots filled with coir substrate, and subsequently cultivated for 4 weeks more under a simply simulated summer condition in a greenhouse that was set at 23°C/95% (air temperature/relative humidity) during 10-h dark period (19:00-05:00), at 26°C/80% for the first 6 h (05:00-11:00) and for the last 3 h (16:00-19:00) of 14-h photoperiod, and at 40°C/50% for the in-between 5 h (11:00-16:00). Warm-white LEDs were used as a sole lighting source and photosynthetic photon flux density was set at 250 μmol m<SUP>-2</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>. Transplants were fertigated with the standard nutrient solution of paprika (EC of 2.2 mS cm<SUP>–1</SUP> and pH 5.5) by intermittent drip-irrigation method (100 mL h<SUP>-1</SUP>, 3 min in every hour) from 11:00 to 16:00 when the air temperature was highest at 40°C (abbreviated as HATP; a high air temperature period). In NSC system, nutrient solution chilled down to 15°C was drip-irrigated during the 5-h HATP without PC, while the nutrient solution temperature was 23°C both in PC system and control (no root-zone cooling) treatment. In PC system, the silicon pipes were coiled around the pots and the chilled water (15°C) inside the pipes was circulated (2.7 L min<SUP>-1</SUP>) during the HATP. The substrate temperature was lowered to 24.9°C in PC system, while it was 33.2°C and 33.7°C in NSC system and control, respectively. Thirteen days after treatment, the photosynthesis rate during HATP was significantly greater both in NSC and PC systems comparing to control, which resulted in growth improvement in root-zone cooling treatments. The growth parameter such as SPAD value, leaf area, leaf and stem fresh and dry weights, and root dry weight were greatest in NSC system, followed by PC system and control 14 days after treatment. The results indicate that NSC and PC systems are effective root-zone cooling systems alleviating the negative effects of high air temperature. This cooling method can be applied to the greenhouse with high efficiency for paprika transplant production in the summer season.