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Protective effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cadmium-induced hepatic toxicity in rats
Sook Jahr Park,Jong Rok Lee,Mi Jeong Jo,Sang Mi Park,Sae Kwang Ku,Sang Chan Kim 고려인삼학회 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1
Korean red ginseng is known to regulate the immune system and help the body struggle infection and disease. Cadmium is widely distributed in the environment due to its use in industry. Exposure to cadmium is problematic causing organ dysfunction. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In experiments, animals were orally administrated with RGE (25, 50 mg/kg) for 7 d and then intravenously injected with cadmium (CdCl2, 4 mg/kg) to induce acute hepatotoxicity. Cadmium caused the elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum. In contrast, pretreatment with RGE significantly reduced those serum indexes related with liver damage. In histopathological analysis, RGE decreased the centrilobular necrosis around central veins and the peripheral hemorrhage around portal triads. Moreover, RGE restored the deficit in hepatic glutathione level resulting from cadmium treatment. RGE also inhibited the increase in the expression of Bad, a representative apoptosis marker protein, induced by cadmium treatment. Collectively, these results demonstrate that RGE can reduce the cadmium-induced hepatic toxicity, partly via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic process.
Sook-Jahr Park,Kyung-Ah Park,Cherl-Woo Park,Won-Seck Park,Jeong-Ok Kim,Yeong-Lae Ha 한국식품영양과학회 1996 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.1 No.2
Molecular weight and partial amino acid sequence of the cis,9-cis,12-octadecadienoate isomerase(linoleate isomerase) of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens A-38 were determined. Linoleate isomerase was isolated from the bacteria cultured anaerobically and purified by ultracentrifugation in conjunction with Sepharose 6B column chromatography, Phenyl sepharose 4B column chromatography and fast performance liquid chromatography(FPLC). The isomerase was a single polypeptide with 19KD of molecular weight, when determined by SDS-PAGE. Fourteen amino acids sequence of N-terminal of the linoleate isomerase was N-GEIDKYPRRIIKQQ determined by Edman method.
Park, Sook-Jahr,Park, Kyung-Ah,Park, Cjerl-Woo,Park, Won-Seck,Kim, Jeong-Ok,Ha, Yeong-Lae The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 1996 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.1 No.2
Molecular weight and partial amino acid sequence of the cis, 9-cis, 12-octadecadienoate isomerase(linoleate isomerase) of Butyrivibrio fibrisovens A-38 were determined. Linoleate isomerase was isolated from the bac-teria cultured anaerobically and purified by ultracentrifugation in conjunction with Sepharose 6B column chro-matography, Phenyl sepharose 4B column chromatography and fast performance liquid chromatography (EPLC). The isomerase was single polypeptide with 19KD of molecular weight, when determined by SDS-PAGE. Fourteen amino acids sequence of N-terminal of the linoleate isomerase was N-GEIDKYPRIIKQQ determined by Edman method.
NF-κB 저해를 통한 브로콜리 잎 추출물의 PGE<sub>2</sub> 저해효과
박숙자 ( Sook Jahr Park ),안이슬 ( Iseul An ),노규표 ( Gyu Pyo Noh ),유병혁 ( Byung Hyuk Yoo ),이종록 ( Jong Rok Lee ) 대한본초학회 2019 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.34 No.6
Objective : Broccoli is edible green plant that has a wide variety of health benefits including cancer prevention and cholesterol reduction. However, leaves of broccoli are not eaten and are mostly left as waste. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the broccoli leaf extract (BLE) on prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) production related to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Methods : BLE was prepared by extracting dried leaf with ethanol. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5- Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. PGE<sub>2</sub> and inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression level of each protein was monitored by Western blot analysis. Results : In LPS-activated Raw264.7 cells, PGE<sub>2</sub> release into culture medium was dramatically enhanced compared to control cells. However, increased PGE<sub>2</sub> was attenuated dose-dependently by treatment with BLE. Inhibition of PGE<sub>2</sub> production by BLE was due to the suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression determined by Western blot analysis. BLE also inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Inhibition at PGE<sub>2</sub> and cytokine was mediated from inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-κB due to the repression of inhibitory kappa B alpha (IκBα) phosphorylation and degradation. Conclusion : This study showed that BLE exerted inhibitory activities against PGE<sub>2</sub>, which is critical for the initiation and resolution of inflammatory responses, and that inhibition of PGE<sub>2</sub> was mediated by suppression of NF-κB signaling. These results suggest that the waste broccoli leaves could be used for controlling inflammation.
Protective effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cadmium-induced hepatic toxicity in rats
Park, Sook Jahr,Lee, Jong Rok,Jo, Mi Jeong,Park, Sang Mi,Ku, Sae Kwang,Kim, Sang Chan The Korean Society of Ginseng 2013 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.37 No.1
Korean red ginseng is known to regulate the immune system and help the body struggle infection and disease. Cadmium is widely distributed in the environment due to its use in industry. Exposure to cadmium is problematic causing organ dysfunction. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng extract (RGE) against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. In experiments, animals were orally administrated with RGE (25, 50 mg/kg) for 7 d and then intravenously injected with cadmium ($CdCl_2$, 4 mg/kg) to induce acute hepatotoxicity. Cadmium caused the elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum. In contrast, pretreatment with RGE significantly reduced those serum indexes related with liver damage. In histopathological analysis, RGE decreased the centrilobular necrosis around central veins and the peripheral hemorrhage around portal triads. Moreover, RGE restored the deficit in hepatic glutathione level resulting from cadmium treatment. RGE also inhibited the increase in the expression of Bad, a representative apoptosis marker protein, induced by cadmium treatment. Collectively, these results demonstrate that RGE can reduce the cadmium-induced hepatic toxicity, partly via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic process.
tert-butyl hydroperoxide로 유도된 위 상피세포 독성에 대한 치자의 수치 효과
박숙자 ( Sook Jahr Park ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2019 東西醫學 Vol.44 No.1
Objectives : Gardeniae Fructus is the dried mature fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis that has been used as a Korean medicine for treating digestive disorders, liver disease and various inflammatory disorders. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the processing effect on protective activity of Gardeniae Fructus in tBHP-induced AGS gastric epithelial cells. Methods : The processed Gardeniae Fructus was made by adding ginger juice and alcohol to the Gardeniae Fructus or by roasting Gardeniae Fructus at 150℃ and 250℃ for 5, 10, and 20 minutes. The antioxidant activity was examined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,20-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays. Cytoprotective activity was examined using MTT assay after treating cells with GFE and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). To determine acid neutralizing activity, the excess HCl was immediately titrated with 0.1 N NaOH (end point pH 3.5). Results : The antioxidative capacity of processed Gardeniae Fructus was higher than that of untreated Gardeniae Fructus. Cytoprotective and acid neutralizing activities were also higher in the processed Gardeniae Fructus than in the untreated Gardeniae Fructus. Compared to 57.8% of untreated Gardeniae Fructus, the processed Gardeniae Fructus containing 40% ginger juice and 10% rectified alcohol showed 64.3% and 69.3% of cell viability, respectively. Gardeniae Fructus, roasted at 150 ℃ for 5 minutes, had the highest cell protection effect with a cell viability of 77%. Conclusions : These results show that proper processing conditions of Gardeniae Fructus may be beneficial in improving the cell protection effect of Gardeniae Fructus in tBHP-induced gastric epithelial cells.
박숙자 ( Sook Jahr Park ),박문기 ( Moon Ki Park ),이종록 ( Jong Rok Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2019 한국환경과학회지 Vol.28 No.11
Chrysanthemum boreale Makino (C. boreale) is widely distributed in Asian countries, and has traditionally been used to treat various inflammatory diseases including bronchitis. In this study, we aimed to isolate biologically active compounds from leaves and stems of C. boreale. Chemical components were purified by column chromatograpy and recyclic HPLC, and characterized from their spectral data (IR, MS, NMR). Biological activity experiments were conducted for Farnesyl-protein transferase (FPTase) activity, apoptosis and nitirc oxide (NO) release. As a results, three sesquiterpene lactones were isolated. Compound 1 (4-methoxy-8-O-acetyl-10-hydroxy-2,11(13)-guaiadiene-12,6-olide) showed strong cytotoxic activities having an average growth inhibition of 50% (GI<sub>50</sub>) value of 1.89 ㎍/㎖against human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Compound 1 also showed a low half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) value of 10 ㎍/㎖ for NO release. In the caspase 3 activity, compound 1 and compound 2 (8-O-(2-carbonyl-2-butyl)-3,10-dihydroxy-4,11(13) -guaiadiene-12,6-olide) exhibited 94% and 90% apoptosis inhibition activity, respectively. Compound 3 (4,8-O-diacetyl -10-hydroxy-2(3),11(13)-guaiadiene-12,6-olide) showed a strong inhibitory effect on FPTase activity with 90% inhibitory activity at a concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖. These results clearly show the presence of lactone compounds in the leaves and stems, which may partially contribute to the pharmacological activity of C. boreale.