Indoor Air Pollution, Sorbent Selection, and Analytical Techniques for Volatile Organic Compounds

Jaganathan Senthilnathan,김기현,김조천,이진홍,송희남 한국대기환경학회 2018 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.12 No.4

Indoor air quality has received wide spread attention due to the recognition of the presence of diverse toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their harmful impacts on human health. This review discusses the chemicals in indoor air and their sources and associated chemical (primary/secondary) reactions. The merits and demerits of commercially available adsorbents and synthetically prepared carbon/non-carbonbased adsorbents for indoor air sampling are discussed. Also, important parameters (like breakthrough volume, specific adsorption capacity, reaction mechanism, and desorption efficiency) are evaluated. The recent advancements in analytical techniques and insight into the complexity involved in air sampling are emphasized. The application of commercially available adsorbents and synthetically prepared carbon/non-carbon-based adsorbents for indoor air sample collection are discussed.

Facile green synthesis of nano-sized ZnO using leaf extract of Morinda tinctoria: MCF-7 cell cycle arrest, antiproliferation, and apoptosis studies

Jaganathan Anitha,Rajendran Selvakumar,Senthilnayagam Hema,Kadarkarai Murugan,타탄프렘쿠마르 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared by a facile, one-pot, greener approach using aqueousleaf extract of the medicinal plant Nuna (Morinda tinctoria) and were analyzed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), field emissionscanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. TheTEM images confirmed that the as-prepared greener Nuna (Nu)-mediated ZnO NPs (Nu-ZnO NPs) werespherical in shape, with an average diameter of 8–10 nm. Further, the single phase and crystallinity ofthe Nu-ZnO NPs were observed by PXRD pattern. In addition, the biogenic Nu-ZnO NPs showed high cytotoxicityin human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells in vitro. These tiny spherical bodies producedprofound toxicity according to the MTT assay, with IC50 of 46 mg/mL. Apoptosis and morphologicalchanges were studied using acridine orange/ethidium bromide and 40,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole fluorescencestaining and MTT assays. Finally, the anticancer efficacy of biosynthesized Nu-ZnO NPs wasimparted by dysregulation of cell division through arrest of growth-promoting and inhibiting signalsin the S phase, with further reduction in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. In conclusion, Nu-ZnO NPs conferredMCF-7 cell toxicity by modulating proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

Deep Learning based Skin Sensitization Hazard Prediction of Cosmetic Chemicals using Hybrid molecular Representations

Keerthana Jaganathan,Kil To Chong,Jung Mu Kim,Minho Song 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 워크샵 Vol.2021 No.4

Deep Learning based Skin Sensitization Hazard Prediction of Cosmetic Chemicals using Hybrid molecular Representations

Keerthana Jaganathan,Kil To Chong,Jung Mu Kim,Minho Song 대한전기학회 2021 정보 및 제어 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.2021 No.4

Design and Analysis of Universal Power Converter for Hybrid Solar and Thermoelectric Generators

Sathiyanathan M.,Jaganathan S.,Josephine R. L. 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.1

This work aims to study and analyze the various operating modes of universal power converter which is powered by solar andthermoelectric generators. The proposed converter is operated in a DC–DC (buck or boost mode) and DC–AC (single phase)inverter with high efficiency. DC power sources, such as solar photovoltaic (SPV) panels, thermoelectric generators (TEGs), andLi-ion battery, are selected as input to the proposed converter according to the nominal output voltage available/generated bythese sources. The mode of selection and output power regulation are achieved via control of the metal-oxide semiconductorfield-effect transistor (MOSFET) switches in the converter through the modified stepped perturb and observe (MSPO) algorithm. The MSPO duty cycle control algorithm effectively converts the unregulated DC power from the SPV/TEG into regulated DCfor storing energy in a Li-ion battery or directly driving a DC load. In this work, the proposed power sources and converter aremathematically modelled using the Scilab-Xcos Simulink tool. The hardware prototype is designed for 200 W rating with adsPIC30F4011 digital controller. The various output parameters, such as voltage ripple, current ripple, switching losses, andconverter efficiency, are analyzed, and the proposed converter with a control circuit operates the converter closely at 97% efficiency.

Land Registration: Use-case of e-Governance using Blockchain Technology

( Karthika Veeramani ),( Suresh Jaganathan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.9

e-Governance is a medium to offer various services to citizens through a web portal, that exists in many countries nowadays. The existing e-Governance technology is a vast, centrally managed database and a set of applications that connect to it via web interfaces. Despite the modernisation of services, it remains with the lack of transparency. Thus, the existing infrastructure of e-Governance paves the way for corrupt practises by the bureaucrats. e-Governance needs a powerful underlying technology which doesn't provide any way to allow tampering of the record and which in turn eliminates corruption. In this paper, we took land registration as a use-case for building e-Governance by keeping Blockchain as an underlying technology, to put off the corrupt practices and to bring transparency. Once transactions in land registration added to the Blockchain, it is immutable as it is cryptographically secured. Besides, the blockchain technology is secured as the ledger is distributed over the network. If a hacker wants to modify the ledger, he needs to hack every node in the blockchain network. Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned Blockchain adopted for implementation and Hyperledger Caliper for performance analysis with these evaluation metrics such as throughput, latency and execution time.

Evaluation of mucoadhesive nanoparticle based nasal vaccine

D. Krishnakumar,D. Kalaiyarasi,K. S. Jaganathan 한국약제학회 2012 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.42 No.6

The main objective of this study was to prepare Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loaded poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA), Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) as well as TMC-coated PLGA nanoparticles and compare their efficacy as nasal vaccine. The developed formulations were characterized for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency,mucin adsorption ability, Dentritic cells interaction, in vitro and in vivo studies. PLGA nanoparticles demonstrated negative zeta potential whereas TMC and PLGA–TMC nanoparticles showed higher positive zeta potential. Results indicated that TMC and PLGA–TMC nanoparticles demonstrated substantially higher mucin adsorption when compared to PLGA nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were nontoxic to isolated nasal epithelium. Immunogenicity increased as a function of particle size upon nasal administration. HBsAg encapsulated in PLGA–TMC particles elicited a significantly higher secretory (IgA) immune response compared to that encapsulated in PLGA and TMC particles. Similar to in vivo immune response data, fluorescent-labelled nanoparticles of smaller size are taken up more efficiently by rat alveolar macrophages compared to those of larger size. Results indicated that alum based HBsAg induced strong humoral but less mucosal immunity. However, PLGA–TMC nanoparticles induced stronger immune response at both of the fronts as compared to generated by PLGA or TMC nanoparticles. Present study demonstrates that PLGA–TMC nanoparticles with specific size range can be a better carrier adjuvant for nasal subunit vaccines.

SPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Skull Base Osteomyelitis

Damle, Nishikant Avinash,Kumar, Rakesh,Kumar, Praveen,Jaganathan, Sriram,Patnecha, Manish,Bal, Chandrasekhar,Bandopadhyaya, Gurupad,Malhotra, Arun The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2011 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.45 No.3

Skull base osteomyelitis is a potentially fatal disease. We demonstrate here the utility of SPECT/CT in diagnosing this entity, which was not obvious on a planar bone scan. A $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scan with SPECT/CT was carried out on a patient with clinically suspected skull base osteomyelitis. Findings were correlated with contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and MRI. Planar images were equivocal, but SPECT/CT showed intense uptake in the body of sphenoid and petrous temporal bone as well as the atlas corresponding to irregular bone destruction on CT and MRI. These findings indicate that SPECT/CT may have an additional role beyond planar imaging in the detection of skull base osteomyelitis.

READ+ vs. READ : Investigating Extensive Reading and Vocabulary Knowledge Development Among Malaysian Remedial ESL Learners

Debbita Tan Ai Lin,Ambigapathy Pandian,Paramaswari Jaganathan 아시아영어교육학회 2018 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.15 No.2

Research supports extensive reading (ER), which draws on incidental learning, as a primary tool for second/foreign language vocabulary knowledge development. However, while it is deemed useful for vocabulary learning, the claim that ER on its own is sufficient for learners to experience significant lexical gains has been challenged. Instead, a more fitting measure appears to be a combination of incidental and intentional vocabulary learning, with ER followed by explicit vocabulary study. Given the issue of Malaysian tertiary students lacking English vocabulary knowledge, this quasi-experimental study implemented a method incorporating ER using graded readers and explicit vocabulary study (READ+) to observe its effectiveness for receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge development, as compared against another method (READ) in which only ER was utilised. The study was conducted in a Malaysian public university employing two groups of participants. Each group comprised 14 Malaysian undergraduates of the MUET Band 1 to Band 3 cohort undergoing a preparatory English language course at the university. Pre-, post- and delayed post-testings were carried out using the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale. Results from statistical analyses indicate that the READ+ group performed significantly better than the READ group for both receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge recall and retention.

An insight into in vitro strategies for bioproduction of isoflavones

Vidya Nandakumar,Saravanan Krishnagowdu,Halka Jayachandran,Kowsalya Kumaresan,Preetha Jaganathan Sakthi Yazhini,Gurusaravanan Packiaraj,Radhakrishnan Ramalingam,Nanthini A. Usha Raja,Arun Muthukrishna 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.6

Isoflavones (ISF) are potent secondary metabolites, widely distributed among the members of the Fabaceae family. They have a multitude of biological functions in plants, animals, and humans. Most of the functions exhibited by isoflavones are highly beneficial to human beings. Benefits mainly include lowering cardiovascular diseases, reducing menopausal symptoms, and decreasing the risk of hormone-related cancers. Therefore, this potent compound has emerged as a promising possibility for making medicines and has grabbed the pharmaceutical industry's attention. Nowadays, many isoflavone-based products are manufactured commercially as food supplements, and their demand is drastically increasing globally. Numerous in vitro stud- ies have successfully synthesized value-added metabolites that possess a vast number of industrial applications. Production of isoflavones within the plants depends on several biological and environmental conditions. Hence, in vitro cultures pro- vide an alternate source to recover these compounds independent of environmental factors and limited bio-resources. Plant organ cultures could be highly recommended as a reliable platform for synthesizing plant-based pharmaceutically active isoflavones. Moreover, biotechnological approaches, such as elicitation and precursor feeding, can eventually promote the yield and increase these metabolites' production. This review initially outlines information regarding the source, structure, synthesis, and diverse roles of isoflavones. Later, this paper describes different plant organ cultures for the in vitro production of isoflavones and highlights elicitation strategies as well as metabolic engineering work to enhance production.