Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Low-energy Hip Fractures

Jaehwi Han,조영호,Seungmin Jee,Seongwoo Jo 대한고관절학회 2020 Hip and Pelvis Vol.32 No.4

Purpose: To evaluate serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in patients with low-energy hip fractures. Materials and Methods: Among 983 patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between August 2013 and March 2019, 732 patients were evaluated. The remaining patients were excluded due to the presence of one or more of the following: metastatic bone tumor, metabolic bone disease other than osteoporosis, fracture due to high-energy injury, atypical femoral fracture, and no blood test. We collected patient’s data about age, sex male female, date of injury, a place of residence, fracture type, preinjury ambulation ability according to their Koval score, and their serum level of 25(OH) vitamin D. The mean age was 79.3 years (60-104 years). The sample was comprised of 530 female and 202 male, of which 342 had femoral neck fractures and 390 had trochanteric fractures. Results: Of the total 732 patients, 346 patients (47.3%) had a 25(OH) vitamin D level of less than 10 ng/mL, 264 patients (36.1%) had scores of 10-19.9 ng/mL, 87 patients (11.9%) had scores of 20-29.9 ng/mL, and 35 patients (4.8%) had a level higher than 30 ng/mL. Vitamin D deficiency (less than 20 ng/mL) was present in 610 patients (83.3%), insufficiency (20-29.9 ng/mL) was found in 87 patients (11.9%), and 35 patients (4.8%) had normal vitamin D levels. The differences in vitamin D concentration based on season and fracture type were statistically significant. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy were high in patients with low-energy hip fractures, with only 4.9% of patients had normal vitamin D levels. These findings suggest that efforts should be made to maintain proper vitamin D concentration.

한국 전통복식 문화에 기반한 크라우드 펀딩 사례 연구

한재휘 ( Jaehwi Han ),이은진 ( Eunjin Lee ) 단국대학교 석주선기념박물관 2021 한국 복식 Vol.- No.46

본 연구의 목적은 현재 각광받고 있는 국내 크라우드 펀딩 플랫폼을 대상으로 한국 전통복식 문화에 기반한 크라우드 펀딩의 변천 과정과 현황, 특징을 고찰하는 것이다. 연구 방법은 문헌연구와 사례연구로, 먼저 크라우드 펀딩을 이루는 구성요소, 플랫폼의 특징 등을 조사하였다. 이후 와디즈와 텀블벅에서 전통복식 문화 관련 키워드 검색을 통해 2014년부터 2021년까지 전통복식 문화가 활용된 크라우드 펀딩 사례 580건을 분석하였다. 2014년에서 2016년에는 전시· 행사· 캠페인에서 한국 전통복식 문화가 중점적으로 활용되었다. 2016년에서 2017년 경에는 한복을 패션으로 입기 시작하며 저고리, 허리치마, 철릭원피스 등 여자 한복이 펀딩에서 인기를 얻었으며, 전통 매듭이나 소재를 활용한 패션 잡화, 홈· 리빙 콘텐츠 등이 나타났다. 2018년 경부터는 사회문화적으로 한복이 주목을 받았고, 이러한 영향으로 크라우드 펀딩에서 활용되는 한국 전통복식 문화도 다양해졌다. 철릭, 치마저고리 외에 두루마기, 창의 등의 복식이 다양해졌고, 누구나 편안하게 입는 남녀 공용 한복이 등장하면서 여자 한복 중심에서 점차 젠더리스화 되었다. 2019년 경부터는 전통복식 문화를 기반으로 한 펀딩이 급속도로 증가하며 새로운 메이커들이 유입되었다. 이때부터 서양복에 무늬나 장식 등 전통복식의 일부만을 결합한 복식도 트렌디하고 힙한 전통복식으로 여겨졌다. 2020년부터는 코로나 19 상황으로 시장이 급변하며, 웹툰· 일러스트 리소스 분야에서 전통복식이 콘텐츠로 다루어졌고, 실내에서 지내는 시간이 길어져 ‘한복 홈웨어’, ‘한복 라운지 웨어’가 등장했다. 이후 여러 사회문화적 요인과 편안한 전통복식을 표현함에 있어 한복의 시대적 범위가 삼국시대까지 확장되었다. 현재 크라우드 펀딩은 가장 주목받는 시장으로 본 연구는 지금까지 본격적으로 다루어지지 않았던 한국전통복식 문화를 기반으로 한 크라우드 펀딩에 대한 기초자료를 제공하였음에 의의가 있고, 나아가 국내 크라우드 펀딩과 전통복식 시장의 발전에 기여하기를 바란다. The purpose of this study is to examine the transformation process, status, and characteristics of crowdfunding based on traditional Korean costume culture for domestic crowdfunding platforms that are currently in the spotlight. The research method was literature research and case study. First, I investigated the components that make up crowdfunding and the characteristics of the platform. Then, I analyzed 580 cases of crowdfunding based on Korean traditional costume culture from 2014 to 2021 through keyword search related to traditional costume in Wadiz and Tumblbug. From 2014 to 2016, traditional Korean clothing culture was mainly used as contents of exhibitions, events, and campaigns. In the early days of crowdfunding market from 2014 to 2015, Korean traditional costume culture was used as contents of exhibitions, events, and campaigns. Since then, from 2016 to 2017, women’s Hanbok such as Jeogori, Chima, and Cheolrik dresses have gained popularity in crowdfunding and accessories and home&living contents using traditional knots and materials have appeared. Since 2018, Hanbok has received attention socially and culturally, and due to this influence, the traditional Korean costume culture used in crowdfunding has also diversified. In addition to Cheolrik and Chima, Jeogori, costumes such as Durumagi and Changui have diversified, and with the emergence of Hanboks that everyone wears comfortably, they have gradually become genderless. From around 2019, crowdfunding based on traditional costume culture has increased rapidly, and new makers have flowed in. From then on, every wear that combine only parts of traditional costumes such as patterns and decorations have also considered trendy Hanbok. Form 2020, the market changed rapidly due to the COVID-19 situation, traditional costumes were treated as content resource in the webtoon, and “Hanbok homewear” and “Hanbok lounge wear” appeared due to longer indoor time. In addition, in order to express various socio-cultural factors and comfortable traditional costumes, the scope of Hanbok’s times has expanded to the ancient. Currently, crowdfunding is the most notable market, and this study is meaningful in that it provides basic data on crowdfunding based on Korean traditional costume culture, which has not been dealt with in detail so far, and contributes to the development of the crowdfunding and traditional costume market.

Effect of Flow Rates on Generation of Monodisperse Clay-Poly(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) Embolic Microspheres Using Hydrodynamic Focusing Microfluidic Device

Han, Kyungsup,Lee, Sona,Seo, Kyoung Duck,Choi, Sung-Up,Lee, Jonghwi,Lee, Jaehwi,Kwak, Byung Kook,Choi, Hae-Jin,Kim, Dong Sung IOP Publishing 2011 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.50 No.6

The change of signaling pathway on the electrical stimulated contraction in streptozotocin-induced bladder dysfunction of rats

Han, Jong Soo,Min, Young Sil,Kim, Gil Hyung,Chae, Sang-hyun,Nam, Yoonjin,Lee, Jaehwi,Lee, Seok-Yong,Sohn, Uy Dong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.5

Bladder dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there have been a few studies evaluating bladder smooth muscle contraction in DM in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors. In the present study, we compared the contractility of bladder smooth muscle from normal rats and DM rats. Furthermore, we utilized pharmacological inhibitors to delineate the mechanisms underlying bladder muscle differences between normal and DM rats. DM was established in 14 days after using a single injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Bladder smooth muscle contraction was induced electrically using electrical field stimulation consisting of pulse trains at an amplitude of 40 V and pulse duration of 1 ms at frequencies of 2-10 Hz. In this study, the pharmacological inhibitors atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor), DPCPX (adenosine $A_1$ receptor antagonist), udenafil (PDE5 inhibitor), prazosin (${\alpha}_1$-receptor antagonist), verapamil (calcium channel blocker), and chelerythrine (protein kinase C inhibitor) were used to pretreat bladder smooth muscles. It was found that the contractility of bladder smooth muscles from DM rats was lower than that of normal rats. In addition, there were significant differences in percent change of contractility between normal and DM rats following pretreatment with prazosin, udenafil, verapamil, and U73122. In conclusion, we suggest that the decreased bladder muscle contractility in DM rats was a result of perturbations in $PLC/IP_3$-mediated intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ release and PDE5 activity.

The change of signaling pathway on the electrical stimulated contraction in streptozotocin-induced bladder dysfunction of rats

Jong Soo Han,Young Sil Min,Gil Hyung Kim,Sang-hyun Chae,Yoonjin Nam,Jaehwi Lee,Seok-Yong Lee,Uy Dong Sohn 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.22 No.5

Bladder dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, there have been a few studies evaluating bladder smooth muscle contraction in DM in the presence of pharmacological inhibitors. In the present study, we compared the contractility of bladder smooth muscle from normal rats and DM rats. Furthermore, we utilized pharmacological inhibitors to delineate the mechanisms underlying bladder muscle differences between normal and DM rats. DM was established in 14 days after using a single injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Bladder smooth muscle contraction was induced electrically using electrical field stimulation consisting of pulse trains at an amplitude of 40 V and pulse duration of 1 ms at frequencies of 2-10 Hz. In this study, the pharmacological inhibitors atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), U73122 (phospholipase C inhibitor), DPCPX (adenosine A1 receptor antagonist), udenafil (PDE5 inhibitor), prazosin (a1-receptor antagonist), verapamil (calcium channel blocker), and chelerythrine (protein kinase C inhibitor) were used to pretreat bladder smooth muscles. It was found that the contractility of bladder smooth muscles from DM rats was lower than that of normal rats. In addition, there were significant differences in percent change of contractility between normal and DM rats following pretreatment with prazosin, udenafil, verapamil, and U73122. In conclusion, we suggest that the decreased bladder muscle contractility in DM rats was a result of perturbations in PLC/IP3-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release and PDE5 activity.

<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein Rv2220 induces maturation and activation of dendritic cells

Choi, Seunga,Choi, Han-Gyu,Lee, JaeHwi,Shin, Ki-Won,Kim, Hwa-Jung Elsevier 2018 Cellular immunology Vol.328 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Tuberculosis remains a serious health problem worldwide. Characterization of the dendritic cell (DC)-activating mycobacterial proteins has driven the development of effective TB vaccine candidates besides improving the understanding of immune responses. Some studies have emphasized the essential role of protein Rv2220 from <I>M. tuberculosis</I> in mycobacterial growth. Nonetheless, little is known about cellular immune responses to Rv2220. In this study, our aim was to test whether protein Rv2220 induces maturation and activation of DCs. Rv2220-activated DCs appeared to be in a mature state with elevated expression of relevant surface molecules and proinflammatory cytokines. DC maturation caused by Rv2220 was mediated by MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Specifically, Rv2220-matured DCs induced the expansion of memory CD62L<SUP>low</SUP>CD44<SUP>high</SUP>CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells in the spleen of mycobacteria-infected mice. Our results suggest that Rv2220 regulates host immune responses through maturation of DCs, a finding that points to a new vaccine candidate against tuberculosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Rv2220 triggers functional maturation of DCs. </LI> <LI> DC maturation caused by Rv2220 was mediated by MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. </LI> <LI> Rv2220-matured DCs induced the expansion of memory/effector T cells. </LI> <LI> Rv2220 may lead to new vaccine strategies against TB. </LI> </UL> </P>

Immunotoxicological Effects of Aripiprazole: In vivo and In vitro Studies

Baek, Kwang-Soo,Ahn, Shinbyoung,Lee, Jaehwi,Kim, Ji Hye,Kim, Han Gyung,Kim, Eunji,Kim, Jun Ho,Sung, Nak Yoon,Yang, Sungjae,Kim, Mi Seon,Hong, Sungyoul,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Cho, Jae Youl The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.4

Aripiprazole (ARI) is a commonly prescribed medication used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To date, there have been no studies regarding the molecular pathological and immunotoxicological profiling of aripiprazole. Thus, in the present study, we prepared two different formulas of aripiprazole [Free base crystal of aripiprazole (ARPGCB) and cocrystal of aripiprazole (GCB3004)], and explored their effects on the patterns of survival and apoptosis-regulatory proteins under acute toxicity and cytotoxicity test conditions. Furthermore, we also evaluated the modulatory activity of the different formulations on the immunological responses in macrophages primed by various stimulators such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pam3CSK, and poly(I:C) via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR2, and TLR3 pathways, respectively. In liver, both ARPGCB and GCB3004 produced similar toxicity profiles. In particular, these two formulas exhibited similar phospho-protein profiling of p65/nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$, c-Jun/activator protein (AP)-1, ERK, JNK, p38, caspase 3, and bcl-2 in brain. In contrast, the patterns of these phospho-proteins were variable in other tissues. Moreover, these two formulas did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in C6 glioma cells. Finally, the two formulations at available in vivo concentrations did not block nitric oxide (NO) production from activated macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS, pam3CSK, or poly(I:C), nor did they alter the morphological changes of the activated macrophages. Taken together, our present work, as a comparative study of two different formulas of aripiprazole, suggests that these two formulas can be used to achieve similar functional activation of brain proteins related to cell survival and apoptosis and immunotoxicological activities of macrophages.

Immunotoxicological Effects of Aripiprazole: <em>In vivo</em> and <em>In vitro</em> Studies

Kwang-Soo Baek,Shinbyoung Ahn,Jaehwi Lee,Ji Hye Kim,Han Gyung Kim,Eunji Kim,Jun Ho Kim,Nak Yoon Sung,Sungjae Yang,Mi Seon Kim,Sungyoul Hong,Jong-Hoon Kim,Jae Youl Cho 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.4

Aripiprazole (ARI) is a commonly prescribed medication used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To date, there have been no studies regarding the molecular pathological and immunotoxicological profiling of aripiprazole. Thus, in the present study, we prepared two different formulas of aripiprazole [Free base crystal of aripiprazole (ARPGCB) and cocrystal of aripiprazole (GCB3004)], and explored their effects on the patterns of survival and apoptosis-regulatory proteins under acute toxicity and cytotoxicity test conditions. Furthermore, we also evaluated the modulatory activity of the different formulations on the immunological responses in macrophages primed by various stimulators such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pam3CSK, and poly(I:C) via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR2, and TLR3 pathways, respectively. In liver, both ARPGCB and GCB3004 produced similar toxicity profiles. In particular, these two formulas exhibited similar phospho-protein profiling of p65/nuclear factor (NF)-κB, c-Jun/activator protein (AP)-1, ERK, JNK, p38, caspase 3, and bcl-2 in brain. In contrast, the patterns of these phospho-proteins were variable in other tissues. Moreover, these two formulas did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in C6 glioma cells. Finally, the two formulations at available <em>in vivo</em> concentrations did not block nitric oxide (NO) production from activated macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS, pam3CSK, or poly(I:C), nor did they alter the morphological changes of the activated macrophages. Taken together, our present work, as a comparative study of two different formulas of aripiprazole, suggests that these two formulas can be used to achieve similar functional activation of brain proteins related to cell survival and apoptosis and immunotoxicological activities of macrophages.

뉴로메드정(옥시라세탐 800㎎)에 대한 뉴라세탐정의 생물학적동등성

최성업,김종석,윤미경,김정일,박석,한상범,이재휘,최영욱 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.3

The purpose of the present study was designed to evaluate the bioequivalence of two oxiracetam tablets, Neuromed tablet (Korea Drug Co., reference drug) and Neuracetam tablet (Sam Jin Pharmaceutical Co., test drug), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Release of oxiracetam from the tablet in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with various dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution and water). Twenty-four healthy volunteers, 23.7 ± 2.4 year in age and 68.9 ± 6.2 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was performed. After oral administration of a tablet containing 800 ㎎ of oxiracetam, blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and concentrations of oxiracetam in plasma were determined using HPLC-MS-MS. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were very similar at all dissolution media. In addition, pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUCt, C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC, and C_(max), untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the reference drug were 0.42%, 0.45% and -12.58% for AUCt, C_(max) and T_(max), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transformed data were within the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log0.94 ~ log1.06 and log 0.90 - log 1.07 for AUCt and C_(max), respectively), indicating that Neuracetam tablet is bioequivalent to Neuromed tablet. The major pharmacokinetic parameters, AUCt, and C_(max), met the criteria set by KFDA for bioequivalence indicating that Neuracetam tablet is bioequivalent to Neuromed tablet.

Cathodoluminescence of a 2 inch ultraviolet-light-source tube based on the integration of AlGaN materials and carbon nanotube field emitters

Tawfik, Wael Z.,Kumar, C. M. Manoj,Park, Joonmo,Shim, Sang Kyun,Lee, Hansung,Lee, Jaehwi,Han, Jong Hun,Ryu, Sang-Wan,Lee, Naesung,Lee, June Key Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.7 No.37

<P>High efficiency and mass-scale production ultraviolet (UV) light sources have become a basic requirement for various applications, and as such have attracted considerable technological interest. Here, a flat 2 inch UV-light-source tube-based triode structure operating at 330 nm with a pulse-scan mode was achieved by integrating the AlGaN/GaN multi-quantum well (MQW) heterostructure as a cathodoluminescence (CL) layer and carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitters. The AlGaN/GaN MQW heterostructure CL layer was grown on a high-quality 2 inch AlN/sapphire template through metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The CNT emitters were fabricated on the metal substrate using a cost-effective print screen method. The advantages of these emitters include their high stable emission efficiency for large-scale production, cold emission nature, controllable emission by the electric field, and environmentally friendly nature. This promising and effective integration demonstrates an output power of 590 mW and a power efficiency of 2.45% with a low consumption energy of 24 W (anode current 3 mA; anode voltage 8 kV) in pulse-scan mode. This work is the first step toward realizing future mass-scale and high efficiency UV light source tubes over a wide range of wavelengths.</P>