Studies on the Antibacterial Constituents of Baenongtang

Jae Ock Hwang,Duk Kyun Ahn,Eun Rhan Woo,Hyoung Ja Kim,Seon Hee Seo,Ho Koon Park 한국생약학회 1998 Natural Product Sciences Vol.4 No.3

The water extracts of 83 oriental herbal medicines (Hanbang) which have been clinically used to treat bacterial infections in korea were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity by the paper disc assay method. Two Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus SG 511, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and two Gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli 055, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9027 were used as test organisms. Among the extracts tested, MeOH extract of Baenongtang showed remarkably potent antibacterial activity. Activity-guided chromatographic fractionations of the CH₂Cl₂ extract of Baenongtang afforded seven antibacterial compounds.

Production of Cloned Korean Native Pig by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

In-Sul Hwang,Dae-Jin Kwon,Keun Bong Oh,Sun-A Ock,Hak-Jae Chung,In-Cheol Cho,Jeong-Woong Lee,Gi-Sun Im,Seongsoo Hwang 한국발생생물학회 2015 발생과 생식 Vol.19 No.2

The Korean native pig (KNP) have been considered as animal models for animal biotechnology research because of their relatively small body size and their presumably highly inbred status due to the closed breeding program. However, little is reported about the use of KNP for animal biotechnology researches. This study was performed to establish the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) protocol for the production of swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) homotype-defined SCNT KNP. The ear fibroblast cells originated from KNP were cultured and used as donor cell. After thawing, the donor cells were cultured for 1 hour with 15 μM roscovitine prior to the nuclear transfer. The numbers of reconstructed and parthenogenetic embryos transferred were 98 ± 35.2 and 145 ± 11.2, respectively. The pregnancy and delivery rate were 3/5 (60%) and 2/5 (40%). One healthy SLA homotype-defined SCNT KNP was successfully generated. The recipient-based individual cloning efficiency ranged from 0.65 to 1.08%. Taken together, it can be postulated that the methodological establishment of the production of SLA homotype-defined cloned KNP can be applied to the generation of transgenic cloned KNP as model animals for human disease and xenotransplantation researches.

Association between Polymorphisms of Leptin Receptor and Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertension, and Obesity in Korean Population

Jae Young Kim,Hwang Bin Lee,Sung Hoon Lim,Byoung Wook Lee,Hyung Hwan Baik,Young Ock Kim,Hun-Kuk Park,Joo-Ho Chung 대한스트레스학회 2011 스트레스硏究 Vol.19 No.2

비만은 여러 질환의 위험요소로 알려져 있으며, 최근 비만에 대한 후보 유전자의 단일염기다형성(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)에 관한 연구가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 렙틴 수용체(leptin receptor, LEPR)는 체중 조절에 중요한 역할을 하는 렙틴의 수용체이며 또한 지방 대사의 조절에도 관여한다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 LEPR 유전자의 다형성이 고지혈증, 고혈압 및 비만에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자, 263명의 실험 참여자를 분석하였다. LEPR 유전자의 액손(exon) 영역에서 3개(rs1137100, Lys109Arg, K109R; rs1137101, Gln223Arg, Q223R; rs8179183, Lys656Asn, K656N)의 missense SNP을 선정하고 염기서열 분석기를 이용하여 유전자형(genotype)을 분석하였다. SNPStats, HelixTree, SNPAnalyzer Pro 및 Haploview version 4.2 소프트웨어를 이용하여 데이터 분석을 하였다. 실험결과, rs1137101 (Q223R)의 유전자형과 rs8179183 (K656N)의 유전자형과 대립형질(allele)이 HDL-cholesterol의 혈중 농도와 관계가 있었다(rs1137101, p=0.024 in codominant1 model, p=0.039 in dominant model, p=0.011 in overdominant model; rs8179183, p=0.028 in dominant model, p=0.035 in overdominant model, p=0.026 in log-additive model, p=0.042 in allele frequencies). 또한, rs1137100 (K109R)의 대립형질과 rs1137101 (Q223R)의 유전자형과 대립형질은 고혈압에서 유의성을 보였다(rs1137100, p=0.044 in allele frequencies; rs1137101, p=0.010 in codominant1 model, p=0.012 in dominant model, p=0.013 in overdominant model, p=0.019 in log-additive model, p=0.014 in allele frequencies). 과체중/비만에서는 rs1137101 (Q223R)의 유전자형과 대립형질이 유의성을 나타냈다(rs1137101, p=0.027 in codominant1 model, p=0.015 in dominant model, p=0.029 in overdominant model, p=0.013 in log-additive model, p=0.014 in allele frequencies). 이러한 결과는 LEPR 유전자의 다형성이 고콜레스테롤혈증, 고혈압 및 비만 발생과 관련이 있음을 시사한다. Leptin is an adipocyte-specific hormone that regulates body weight. Leptin receptor (LEPR) is a receptor for leptin and plays a crucial role in the regulation of fat metabolism. To test the relationship between LEPR polymorphisms and dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity in Korean population, we analyzed 263 subjects. Three missense single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1137100, Lys109Arg, K109R; rs1137101, Gln223Arg, Q223R; rs8179183, Lys656Asn, K656N) in the coding region of the LEPR gene were selected and genotyped by direct sequencing. SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer Pro, and HelixTree programs were performed to obtain odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p value. Haploview version 4.2 was used to determine the linkage disequilibrium (LD) block and haplotypes among three SNPs. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to analyze of genetic data. Two missense SNPs were associated with the HDL-cholesterol levels (rs1137101, p=0.024 in codominant1 model, p=0.039 in dominant model, p=0.011 in overdominant model; rs8179183, p=0.028 in dominant model, p=0.035 in overdominant model, p=0.026 in log-additive model, p=0.042 in allele frequencies). Two missense SNPs were also associated with hypertension (rs1137100, p=0.044 in allele frequencies; rs1137101, p=0.010 in codominant1 model, p=0.012 in dominant model, p=0.013 in overdominant model, p=0.019 in log-additive model, p=0.014 in allele frequencies). One missense SNP was related to the development of overweight/obese (rs1137101, p=0.027 in codominant1 model, p=0.015 in dominant model, p=0.029 in overdominant model, p=0.013 in log-additive model, p=0.014 in allele frequencies). These results suggest that LEPR polymorphisms may be associated with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity in Korean population. (Korean J Str Res 2011;19:155∼163)

Characterization of α-Gal Epitope in Cells and Tissues from Homozygous α-1,3-Galactosyltransferase Knockout Pigs

Hwang, In-Sul,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Kwak, Tae-Uk,Oh, Keon Bong,Ock, Sun-A,Chung, Hak-Jae,Im, Gi-Sun,Hwang, Seongsoo The Korean Society of Animal Reproduction 2015 Reproductive & developmental biology Vol.39 No.4

To overcome the hyperacute immune rejection during pig-to-non-human primates xenotranasplantation, we have produced and bred ${\alpha}$-1,3-galactosyltransferase knock-out ($GalT^{-/-}$) pigs. In this study, the somatic cells and tissues from the $GalT^{-/-}$ pigs were characterized by an analysis of the expression of Gal${\alpha}$-1,3-Gal (${\alpha}-Gal$) epitope. Briefly, ear fibroblast cell lines of 19 homozygous $GalT^{-/-}$ pigs were established and cryopreserved. The expression of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope in the cells was measured by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis using BS-I-B4 lectin. Also, the homozygous ($GalT^{-/-}$) cells and tissues samples were immunostained with BS-I-B4 lectin for analysis of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope expression. The results showed that the expression of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope in $GalT^{-/-}$ cells (0.2 %) were significantly (p<0.05) down-regulated to the range of cynomolgus monkey fibroblast (0.2 %) cells compared to heterozygous ($GalT^{-/+}$) (9.3 %) and wild type ($GalT^{+/+}$) (93.7 %) fibroblast cells. In the immunostaining results, while the expression of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope was detected a partly in $GalT^{-/+}$ cells and mostly in $GalT^{+/+}$ cells, it was almost not detected in the $GalT^{-/-}$ cells. Also, immunostaining results from various tissues of the $GalT^{-/-}$ pig showed that the expression of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope was not detectable, whereas various tissues from $GalT^{+/+}$ pig showed a strong expression of ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope. Our results demonstrated that ${\alpha}-Gal$ epitope expressions from $GalT^{-/-}$ pigs were successfully knocked out to prevent hyperacute immune rejection for further study of xenotransplantation.

Preventive Effect of Natural Pigments Against Ultraviolet B-induced Cell Death in HaCat Cells

Jae Chung Lim,Chun Sik Bae,Soo Young Jeong,Hee-Ock Boo,Seong-Jin Hwang,Seul-Ki Lim,Min-Jung Park,Jong-Chun Kim,Seong-Soo Kang,Ho-Jae Han,Soo-Hyun Park 대한의생명과학회 2011 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.17 No.1

Skin is a physical barrier against diverse injury and damages. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes detrimental skin injuries such as inflammation and cell death. The value of natural pigments could be applied to many usages including cosmetics. This study was conducted to examine the protective effect of natural pigments extracted from mulberry, balsam pear, purple-colored sweet potato, pehmannia root, gardenia fruit, and black rice against UV-induced cell death in HaCaT cells, human keratinocyte cell lines. In the present study, the exposure of 50 mJ/㎠ UV-B for 24 hr induced cell death in HaCaT cells, which was prevented by the pretreatment of extracts of mulberry, balsam pear, purple-colored sweet potato, rehmannia root, gardenia fruit, and black rice. In addition, the exposure of 50 mJ/㎠ UV-B for 24 hr also increased lipid peroxide (LPO) formation, compared to control in HaCaT cells, which was prevented by the pretreatment of extracts of mulberry, balsam pear, purple-colored sweet potato, rehmannia root, gardenia fruit, and black rice. In conclusion, the extracts of mulberry, balsam pear, purple-colored sweet potato, rehmannia root, gardenia fruit, and black rice prevented the UV-B-induced cell apoptosis via the inhibition of oxidative stress in HaCaT cells.

Production of Cloned Korean Native Pig by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

Hwang, In-Sul,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Oh, Keun Bong,Ock, Sun-A,Chung, Hak-Jae,Cho, In-Cheol,Lee, Jeong-Woong,Im, Gi-Sun,Hwang, Seongsoo The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2015 발생과 생식 Vol.19 No.2

The Korean native pig (KNP) have been considered as animal models for animal biotechnology research because of their relatively small body size and their presumably highly inbred status due to the closed breeding program. However, little is reported about the use of KNP for animal biotechnology researches. This study was performed to establish the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) protocol for the production of swine leukocyte antigens (SLA) homotype-defined SCNT KNP. The ear fibroblast cells originated from KNP were cultured and used as donor cell. After thawing, the donor cells were cultured for 1 hour with 15 ${\mu}M$ roscovitine prior to the nuclear transfer. The numbers of reconstructed and parthenogenetic embryos transferred were $98{\pm}35.2$ and $145{\pm}11.2$, respectively. The pregnancy and delivery rate were 3/5 (60%) and 2/5 (40%). One healthy SLA homotype-defined SCNT KNP was successfully generated. The recipient-based individual cloning efficiency ranged from 0.65 to 1.08%. Taken together, it can be postulated that the methodological establishment of the production of SLA homotype-defined cloned KNP can be applied to the generation of transgenic cloned KNP as model animals for human disease and xenotransplantation researches.

The Geomorphic Development and Tectonic Movement at the Yangnam Coast of the Southeast Korea

Hwang, Sang-Ill,Shin, Jae-Yeul,Yoon, Soon-Ock Korea Association For Quaternary Research 2005 제사기학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Risk Factors Influencing Rebleeding after Bronchial Artery Embolization on the Management of Hemoptysis Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Hwang, Hun-Gyu,Lee, Ho-Sung,Choi, Jae-Sung,Seo, Ki-Hyun,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Na, Ju-Ock The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.74 No.3

Background: Hemoptysis due to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) frequently develops in Korea where the prevalence of TB is intermediate. The effect of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) on the control of massive hemoptysis has been well known. This study is designed to identify the risk factors contributing to rebleeding after BAE in patients with TB. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated risk factors and the time for rebleeding after BAE in 72 patients presenting with hemoptysis. Results: The overall immediate success rate of BAE was 93.1% (67 of 72 patients). Of the 29 patients (40.3%) who showed rebleeding after BAE, 13 patients experienced rebleeding within 1 month, and 14 patients between 1 month to 1 year. The existence of a shunt in angiographic finding, aspergilloma, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors of rebleeding after BAE in multivariate analysis. Conclusion: BAE was very effective for obtaining immediate bleeding control in hemoptysis associated with active TB or post-TB sequelae. It is important to observe whether or not rebleeding occurs up to 1 year of BAE especially in TB patients with aspergilloma, DM, or a shunt. Even rebleeding can be managed well by second BAE.

Analysis of Semen Parameters in α1,3-Galactosyltransferase^-/- Boars

Hwang, In-Sul,Lee, Seung-Chan,Kim, Sung Woo,Kwon, Dae-Jin,Park, Mi-Ryung,Yang, Hyeon,Oh, Keon Bong,Ock, Sun-A,Woo, Jae-Seok,Im, Gi-Sun,Hwang, Seongsoo The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.2

It is very difficult to get the information about semen quality analysis in transgenic pigs because of limited numbers and research facilities. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed the semen quality of transgenic boars generated for xenotransplantation research. Briefly, the semen samples were collected from 5 homozygous ${\alpha}1,3$-Galactosyltransferase knock-out ($GalT^{-/-}$) transgenic boars and immediately transported to the laboratory. These semen samples were decupled with DPBS and conducted to analyze semen parameters by a computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system. The boar semen were examined all 12 parameters such as total motility (TM), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and hyperactivated (HYP), etc. In results, among the 5 $GalT^{-/-}$ boars, three boars (#134, 144, and 170) showed normal range of semen parameters, but #199 and 171 boars showed abnormal ranges of semen parameters according to standard ranges of semen parameters. Unfortunately, #171 boar showed azoospermia symptom with rare sperm counts in the original semen. Conclusively, assessment of semen parameters by CASA system is useful to pre-screening of reproductively healthy boar prior to natural mating and artificial insemination for multiplication and breeding.

Design and Performance Evaluation of Plasma Air Cleaning Systems for Removing Yellow Sand Dust

Lee, Jae-Keun,Ock, Ju-Ho,Kim, Seong-Chan,Noh, Hyung-Soo,Ahn, Young-Chull,Hwang, Yu-Jin,Lee, Chang-Gun,Kang, Tae-Wook,Lee, Kam-Gyu 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.21 No.1

Yellow sand dust (Asian dust storms) causes harmful damage indoors and outdoors during the springtime, and the removal of Yellow sand dust has become an issue for suitable indoor conditions. An air cleaner is required to remove Yellow sand dust efficiently to improve indoor air quality, and the removal characteristics of Yellow sand dust should be studied. The size distribution and mass concentration of Yellow sand dust observed in China and Korea are analyzed, and the removal efficiency of a plasma air cleaning system based on the principle of electrostatic precipitation is evaluated by using Yellow sand dust. Mass median diameter of Yellow sand dust sampled in Beijing and Seoul ranges from 7.0 to 8.0㎛ with a mass concentration of 300-1,462㎍/㎥. For a single-pass test, the efficiency of dust removal increases with increasing particle size and decreasing flow rate. The removal efficiency of Yellow sand dust in a plasma air cleaning system at a face velocity of 1.0m/s is higher than 80%. For a multi-pass test in occupied spaces, the operation time required to reduce Yellow sand dust concentration from an initial concentration of 300㎍/㎥ to 150㎍/㎥ is 10 minutes for a test room of 27㎥.