Evaluation of High Butanol/Acetone Ratios in ABE Fermentations with Cassava by Graph Theory and NADH Regeneration Analysis

Zhigang Li,Zhongping Shi,Xin Li,Le Li,Junping Zheng,Zhenggang Wang 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4

Higher butanol/acetone ratio is always desirable in ABE fermentation, and this ratio is closely associated with the complicated patterns of metabolic reactions and NADH generation rate. The patterns of acetate/butyrate formation and re-assimilation in multiple closed reaction loops, as well as NADH regeneration in ABE fermentation using different substrates varies. In this study, we evaluated butanol/acetone ratio in ABE fermentations utilizing cassava and corn based media by graph theory and NADH regeneration analysis. The theoretical calculations and experimental data revealed that a lower metabolic strength in butyrate loop and enhanced NADH generation rate were responsible for the achievement of higher butanol/acetone ratio when fermenting cassava based substrate. In traditional fermentations and extractive fermentations with oleyl alcohol/bio-diesel as the extractants when using cassava based substrate, butanol/acetone ratios reached 2.24, 2.84,and 2.19 with the increasing increments of 14.9, 61.4, and 6.8% respectively, while butanol productivities stayed at comparably high levels as compared with those of the fermentations when cultivating on corn based substrate.

Down-regulation of microRNA-155 suppressed Candida albicans induced acute lung injury by activating SOCS1 and inhibiting inflammation response

Li Xiaohua,Gong Yuanzhong,Lin Xin,Lin Qiong,Luo Jianxiong,Yu Tianxing,Xu Junping,Chen Lifang,Xu Liyu,Hu Ying 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.4

Acute lung injury caused by Candida albicans could result in high mortality and morbidity. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) have been believed to play a key in the regulation of inflammatory response. Whether miR-155/SOCS1 axis could regulate the acute lung injury caused by C. albicans has not been reported. The acute lung injury animal model was established with acute infection of C. albicans. miR-155 inhibitor, miR-155 mimic, and sh-SOCS1 were constructed. The binding site between miR- 155 and SOCS1 was identified with dual luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of miR-155 markedly inhibited the germ tube formation of C. albicans. Knockdown of miR-155 significantly up-regulated the expression of SOCS1, and the binding site between miR-155 and SOCS1 was identified. Knockdown of miR-155 improved the acute lung injury, suppressed inflammatory factors and fungus loading through SOCS1. Knockdown of SOCS1 greatly reversed the influence of miR- 155 inhibitor on the cell apoptosis in vitro. The improvement of acute lung injury caused by C. albicans, suppression of inflammatory response and C. albicans infection, and inhibitor of cell apoptosis were achieved by knocking down miR-155 through SOCS1. This research might provide a new thought for the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury caused by C. albicans through targeting miR-155/SOCS1 axis.

Thermal-hydraulic Analysis of Buffer System for Hydraulic Pile Hammers by Pseudo-bond Graph

Kejun Li,Junping Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.2

The damage of cylinder and equipment due to the pile detaching can be avoided by using the buffer device with large flow, which adopts throttle buffer inside the cylinder combining with the control of the relief valve outside the cylinder. To investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of the cylinder chambers and the law of movement of piston, the accurate mathematic model need to be established so the method based on pseudo-bond graph is introduced. According to the conservation equations for mass and energy, the thermal-hydraulic pseudo bond graph C and R elements are developed, and the connection rule for the two elements are determined based on their input and output variables. The bond graph model of the buffer system containing the coupled of multiple energy domains is obtained in a unified way based on the structure and working principle of buffer device, then the system state equations have been derived from the model. The model can be used in variable parameters’ simulation with the parameters in the experiment, the pressure simulation data of two chambers of impact cylinder agree well with the experimental results, which indicate that the model can be used for the design and optimization of buffer device of hydraulic pile hammer.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of PhMLO1 confers powdery mildew resistance in petunia

Xu Junping,Naing Aung Htay,강현희,Lee Su Young,Li Weilan,정미영,김창길 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.5

Mildew Locus O (MLO), which encodes a seven-transmembrane domain protein, is responsible for the development of powdery mildew disease symptoms in many plant species. Hence, we knocked out PhMLO1 from Petunia hybrida cv. Mirage Rose at the genomic level using the Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system and investigated involvement of the gene in powdery mildew disease development in the petunia. The MLO1 transcript levels observed in all mlo1 mutants were significantly lower than that in the wild type (WT). Specifically, the transcript level was the lowest in the mutants (line no. 1, 25, 33, and 85), followed by the mutants (line no. 14, 17, and 81), and line no. 6. Disease development was positively linked to the higher transcript levels of PhMLO1, because the disease severity observed in WT was greater than that observed in the mutants (line no. 6,14, 17, and 81), and disease symptoms were almost not observed in the mutants (line no. 1, 25, 33, and 85). In addition, the transmission of the edited alleles from the T0 to T1 generation was also confirmed, and the disease severity results were identical to those observed in the T0 mutant lines. Overall, the editing of PhMLO1 completely or partially prevented the development of this disease in this petunia, depending on MLO1 transcript level of the mutants. This study highlights the role of PhMLO1 in the development of powdery mildew disease in petunia and points to the need to edit the MLO genes in other ornamental plants to improve ornamental quality against powdery mildew disease.

Adaptive Multi-class Support Vector Machine for Microarray Classification and Gene Selection

Juntao Li,Yingmin Jia,Junping Du,Fashan Yu 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

This paper proposes an adaptive multi-classs upport vector machine for simultaneous microarray classification and gene selection. By evaluating the gene ranking significance, the adaptive multi-class support vector machine is shown to encourage an adaptive grouping effect in the process of building classifiers, thus leading as parse multi-classifiers with enhanced interpretability. Based on a reasonablec orrelation between the two regularization parameters, an efficient solution path algorithm is developed for solving the proposed support vector machine. Experiments performed on the leukaemia data set are provided to verify the obtained results.

Antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and PFGE typing of Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in probiotic health foods

Feili Xu,Junping Wang,Yunchang Guo,Huawei Zeng,Ping Fu,Zhigang Li,Xiaoyan Pei,Xiumei Liu,Shuo Wang 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2

This study firstly analyzed the antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of 45 Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in health foods. Most strains were resistant to antibiotics but their antibiotic resistance rates were not high: Fos (56.52%), TET (43.48%), CRO (21.74%), AMC (15.22%), GEN (13.04%), RIF (10.87%), CHL (8.7%), CTX (6.52%), VAN (4.35%), and ERY (4.35%). The 45 strains could be divided into 14 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types, of which the strain numbers of six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types were more than one. All the Bifidobacterium strains could be divided into nine types by API50CHL biochemical identification. The same species displayed same biochemical typings, expect for B. animalis. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-type strains had closer antibiotic resistance patterns, and the same biochemicaltype strain also had similar antibiotic resistance patterns.

Effect of Sheep and Chicken Antibodies to Rat Adipocytes Plasma Membranes on Rat Carcass Fat

Wang, Jundong,Zhang, Jianfeng,Li, Junping,Hao, Junhu,Wang, Shaolin,Zhang, Jianhai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.8

Polyclonal anti-sera were collected from sheep and chicken immunized with adipocytes plasma membranes. Thirty two male wistar rats, weighing 185-215 grams, were divided randomly into 4 groups (trial 1: control group and treat group, trial 2: control group and treat group), with 8 rats in each group. The experiment lasted for 7 weeks. Trial one: The control group received four consecutive daily intraperitoneal injections of 1ml of sheep normal sera. The same 4 day daily dose of group sheep anti-rats sera adipocyte plasma membrane anti-sera was administered to the treat group. The results showed that the treatment for treat group increased body weight by 6.35% (p<0.05) and food intake by 6.85%, and improved food conversion efficiency (Food intake/gain) by 45.00% (p<0.05). Periernal, epididymal and omental adipose deposit weights were decreased by 23.92% (p<0.05), 34.45% (p<0.05) and 0.98% respectively, while total fat content decreased by 20.92%. Trial two: The control group received four consecutive daily intraperitoneal injections of 1 ml of chicken normal sera, the results of injections of chicken anti-rats sera adipocyte plasma membrane antis-era administered to the treat group indicated that chicken anti-rats adipocyte plasma membranes immunization had an disadvantageous effect on the growth of the wistar rats by the end of 7th wk, compared with the control group. The immunized group decreased in total weight by 40 gram (p<0.05) an averagely and in food intake noticeably (p<0.01). The deposition of fat and the rates of TG and FFA in serum had no statistical significance.

Edaravone alleviates lung damage in mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by increasing nitric oxide synthase 3 expression

Wan Zheng,Tianfa Li,Junping Wei,Yani Yan,Shanshan Yang 대한약리학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.27 No.3

This study is to determine the regulation of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) by edaravone in mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). C57BL/6J mice were reared in a hypoxic chamber. HPH mice were treated with edaravone or edaravone + L-NMMA (a NOS inhibitor). Lung tissue was collected for histological assessment, apoptosis analysis, and detection of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and NOS3. The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were also measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in pulmonary arterioles. Edaravone treatment improved hemodynamics, inhibited right ventricular hypertrophy, increased NOS3 expression, and reduced pathological changes, pulmonary artery wall thickness, apoptotic pulmonary cells, oxidative stress, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and α-SMA in HPH mice. L-NMMA treatment counteracted the lung protective effects of edaravone. In conclusion, edaravone might reduce lung damage in HPH mice by increasing the expression of NOS3.

Experimental Study on Durability and Mechanical Properties of High Ductile Concrete under Long-Term Sulfate Attack

Jialiang Kou,Lingling Li,Junping Shi 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.4

Uniaxial compression on high ductile concrete after erosion by different concentrations of sulfate solutions was conducted. The compressive strength, mass change fraction, corrosion resistance coefficient and other parameters on the basic mechanical properties of high ductile concrete is studied. The erosion form and uniaxial compression failure characteristics of the samples was analyzed. And using scanning electron microscope to observe the microscopic morphology of the samples, it is found that sulfate and age accelerate the damage to high ductile concrete, with its damage mechanism revealed. The test results are as follows: with the increase of age, the compressive strength and quality of high ductile concrete in 5%, 10% and saturated sulfate solution will increase first and then decrease; the mass change fraction of high ductile concrete is greater than that of ordinary concrete, it has the characteristics of self-compacting before the erosion age of 270 days, Then, as the sulfate solution concentration increases, the damage of the high ductile concrete becomes more serious. The comparison test with ordinary concrete shows that high ductile concrete has higher resistance to sulfate attack. This research can provide experimental basis for the application of high ductile concrete in engineering under sulfate corrosion environment.

Antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and PFGE typing of Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in probiotic health foods

Xu, Feili,Wang, Junping,Guo, Yunchang,Fu, Ping,Zeng, Huawei,Li, Zhigang,Pei, Xiaoyan,Liu, Xiumei,Wang, Shuo 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2

This study firstly analyzed the antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of 45 Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in health foods. Most strains were resistant to antibiotics but their antibiotic resistance rates were not high: Fos (56.52%), TET (43.48%), CRO (21.74%), AMC (15.22%), GEN (13.04%), RIF (10.87%), CHL (8.7%), CTX (6.52%), VAN (4.35%), and ERY (4.35%). The 45 strains could be divided into 14 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types, of which the strain numbers of six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types were more than one. All the Bifidobacterium strains could be divided into nine types by API50CHL biochemical identification. The same species displayed same biochemical typings, expect for B. animalis. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-type strains had closer antibiotic resistance patterns, and the same biochemical-type strain also had similar antibiotic resistance patterns.