Calculations of AC magnetic losses from the experimental field profiles in various types of coated conductors under applied fields

Yoo, J,Lee, S,Jung, Y,Lee, J,Youm, D,Ha, H,Kim, H,Ko, R-K,Oh, S Institute of Physics 2008 Journal of physics. Conference series Vol.97 No.1

<P>We measured the field profiles, <I>H</I>(<I>x,H</I><SUB>a</SUB>) s, near the surface of coated conductors (CCs) by using the scanning Hall probe method. The samples were SmBCO-CC tape fabricated by co-evaporation method and YBCO-CC tape fabricated by PLD method. The applied fields, <I>H</I><SUB>a</SUB>s, were decreased from <I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB>to -<I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB> stepwise. From the values of <I>H</I>(<I>x,H</I><SUB>a</SUB>), we calculated the current profiles, <I>J</I>(<I>x,H</I><SUB>a</SUB>) s, by the inversion method. From the values of <I>J</I>(<I>x,H</I><SUB>a</SUB>) and the corresponding flux densities, we calculated the hysteretic energy losses per cycle, <I>Q</I><SUB>M</SUB>s, for various <I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB>s. From the values of <I>Q</I><SUB>M</SUB>, we calculated the characteristic functions, <I>g</I>s, by using the relation, <I>g</I>= π<I>Q</I><SUB>M</SUB>/μ<SUB>0</SUB><I>I</I><SUP>2</SUP><SUB>c</SUB>. Here, <I>I</I><SUB>c</SUB> is the critical current. For the range of <I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB>/<I>H</I><SUB>c</SUB>≤ 3, the <I>g</I>-values of SmBCO CC tape were larger than those of YBCO CC tape. However, for the range of <I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB>/<I>H</I><SUB>c</SUB> ≥ 3, the <I>g</I>-values of SmBCO CC tape were smaller than those of YBCO CC tape. When <I>H</I><SUB>peak</SUB>/<I>H</I><SUB>c</SUB> = 3, both sample show almost same value of <I>g.</I>However we found qualitatively different <I>J–B</I> hysteretic curves for both samples. We also compared our <I>g</I>-values with other <I>g</I>-values, which were directly measured by energy loss experiments. Our <I>g</I>-values of YBCO CC tapes were basically similar to the Brandt's theoretical values of <I>g</I> in the most range of <I>I</I><SUB>peak</SUB> in our measurements.</P>

Validation of egg yolk antibody based C-ELISA for avian influenza surveillance in breeder duck

Jeong, O.M.,Kim, M.C.,Kang, H.M.,Ha, G.W.,Oh, J.S.,Yoo, J.E.,Park, C.H.,Kwon, J.S.,Pack, M.R.,Kim, H.R.,Kim, Y.J.,Kwon, J.H.,Lee, Y.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2010 Veterinary microbiology Vol.144 No.3

Active surveillance for avian influenza virus (AIV) has expanded from chicken to various poultry species including duck. To further effective antibody screening in laying breeder ducks, we validated the egg yolk antibody as alternative source to serum for AIV antibody. Sera and eggs were collected at weekly intervals after two types of AIV vaccination, H5N3 and H9N2. The antibody levels were determined by an agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA). AGID test did not detect antibodies in egg yolk, and the agreement between AGID test and either HI test or C-ELISA in serum was slight and fair based on kappa statistics (kappa value (κ)@?0.19 in H5N3 group and κ@?0.37 in H9N2 groups). However, there was almost perfect agreement between HI test and C-ELISA (κ>0.9 in all group). The C-ELISA was as sensitive and specific as the HI test, and could be used as a pre-screening test for the detection of type A avian influenza virus antibody. Comparison was made between egg yolk and serum antibody titers by a regression analysis. A high correlation was observed between serum and yolk antibody titers (r=0.8762 for H5N3 and 0.8914 for H9N2 in HI test; r=1 for H5N3 and 0.9686 for H9N2 in ELISA test), although egg yolk antibodies were detected later and remained lower levels than serum antibodies. In field trials involving 54 duck flocks, the positive rate of egg yolk and serum samples showed agreement for the detection of AIV antibody. We concluded that as an alternative to serum, antibody monitoring of laying breeder duck using egg yolk with C-ELISA is feasible and is recommended.

Effect of Si interlayer thickness and post-metallization annealing on Ge MOS capacitor on Ge-on-Si substrate

Yoo, O.S.,Oh, J.,Kang, C.Y.,Lee, B.H.,Han, I.S.,Choi, W.H.,Kwon, H.M.,Na, M.K.,Majhi, P.,Tseng, H.H.,Jammy, R.,Wang, J.S.,Lee, H.D. Elsevier Sequoia 2008 Materials science & engineering. B, Advanced funct Vol.154 No.-

We demonstrated the effect of post-metallization annealing and Si interlayer thickness on Ge MOS capacitor on Ge-on-Si substrate with HfO<SUB>2</SUB>/TaN. Ge outdiffusion and oxygen interdiffusion were completely suppressed by thick Si interfacial layer. As a result, formation of insufficient low-k Ge oxides was effectively inhibited. It is confirmed that gate current of Si passivated Ge MOS was decreased by Si IL and decrease of gate current, J<SUB>g</SUB> is saturated after Si IL of 2nm. It was also observed that when Si IL is thick enough to restrict Ge outdiffusion, increase of J<SUB>g</SUB> is not due to the temperature-induced Ge outdiffusion but due to the partial crystallization of HfO<SUB>2</SUB> at higher annealing temperature.

Role of n-type seed-layers in microstructural evolution of intrinsic nanocrystalline silicon and solar cell performance

Lee, J.E.,Ahn, S.,Park, J.H.,Yoo, J.,Yoon, K.H.,Kim, D.,Cho, J.S. Elsevier 2013 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.13 No.7

Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin-film n-i-p solar cells were constructed on flexible stainless steel substrates by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Influence of the n-type seed-layer on the microstructural evolution of the subsequent intrinsic nc-Si:H absorbers and the resultant performance of nc-Si:H solar cells was investigated. The crystalline volume fraction of the seed-layer can be effectively controlled by varying the hydrogen (H<SUB>2</SUB>) to silane (SiH<SUB>4</SUB>) gas flow ratio. Defect-dense amorphous regions were observed at the initial growth stage of the i-layers deposited on low crystalline volume fraction (X<SUB>c</SUB><SUP>n</SUP>) n-type seed-layers. Increasing the X<SUB>c</SUB><SUP>n</SUP> reduced the amorphous region at the n/i interface of the i nc-Si:H layers, evidenced by Raman scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. Elimination of the defect-rich amorphous region within the i-layer by depositing the nc-Si:H solar cells on highly crystalline seed-layer caused significant improvements in the short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and fill factor (FF). This is mainly due to the enhancement of long-wavelength light response and extraction efficiency of photo-carrier charges. The nc-Si:H solar cells prepared on a highly crystalline seed-layer (X<SUB>c</SUB><SUP>n</SUP>=73%) exhibited a 65.6% higher conversion efficiency than those on the n-type amorphous layers (X<SUB>c</SUB><SUP>n</SUP>=0%).

Effects of Egg Yolk Antibodies Produced in Response to Different Antigenic Fractions of E. coli O157:H7 on E. coli Suppression

Chae, H.S.,Singh, N.K.,Ahn, C.N.,Yoo, Y.M.,Jeong, S.G.,Ham, J.S.,Kim, D.W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.11

The objective of this research was to provide the characterization and method for producing anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies in egg-laying hens and to determine if the antibody can restrain the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 in-vitro. Selected antigenic fractions (whole cell, outer membrane protein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) from E. coli O157:H7 were injected to hens in order to produce anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibodies. The immune response and the egg yolk antibodies of laying hens against the whole cell, outer membrane protein and LPS antigens were monitored by ELISA. The level of antibodies against whole cell antigen monitored through ELISA sharply increased after the initial immunization, and it was found to be maximum on day 49 however, the level was maintained up to day 70. Antibodies (5 mg/ml) directed against the whole cell inhibited E. coli proliferation 10-13 times more than outer membrane protein or LPS. The antibody response against the whole cell antigens appeared to have higher activity in restraining the proliferation of E. coli O157:H7 than antibody against outer membrane protein or LPS. Results reflected that increasing the IgY's in the egg yolk could prevent greater economic losses due to human and animal health from pathogenic bacteria i.e. E. coli O157:H7.

Wall stretch and thromboxane A2 activate NO synthase (eNOS) in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells via H2O2 and Akt-dependent phosphorylation

Kim, H. J.,Yoo, H. Y.,Jang, J. H.,Lin, H. Y.,Seo, E. Y.,Zhang, Y. H.,Kim, S. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.468 No.4

<P>Pulmonary arteries (PAs) have high compliance, buffering the wide ranges of blood flow. Here, we addressed a hypothesis that PA smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) express nitric oxide synthases (NOS) that might be activated by mechanical stress and vasoactive agonists. In the myograph study of endothelium-denuded rat PAs, NOS inhibition (L-NAME) induced strong contraction (96 % of 80 mM KCl-induced contraction (80K)) in the presence of 5 nM U46619 (thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)) analogue) with relatively high basal stretch (2.94 mN, S(+)). With lower basal stretch (0.98 mN, S(-)), however, L-NAME application following U46619 (TXA(2)/L-NAME) induced weak contraction (27 % of 80K). Inhibitors of nNOS and iNOS had no such effect in S(+) PAs. In endothelium-denuded S(+) mesenteric and renal arteries, TXA(2)/L-NAME-induced contraction was only 18 and 21 % of 80K, respectively. Expression of endothelial-type NOS (eNOS) in rat PASMCs was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Even in S(-) PAs, pretreatment with H2O2 (0.1-10 mu M) effectively increased the sensitivity to TXA(2)/L-NAME (105 % of 80K). Vice versa, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, reactive oxygen species scavengers, or an Akt inhibitor (SC-66) suppressed TXA(2)/L-NAME-induced contraction in S(+) PAs. In a human PASMC line, immunoblot analysis showed the following: (1) eNOS expression, (2) Ser(1177) phosphorylation by U46619 and H2O2, and (3) Akt activation (Ser(473) phosphorylation) by U46619. In the cell-attached patch clamp study, H2O2 facilitated membrane stretch-activated cation channels in rat PASMCs. Taken together, the muscular eNOS in PAs can be activated by TXA(2) and mechanical stress via H2O2 and Akt-mediated signaling, which may counterbalance the contractile signals from TXA(2) and mechanical stimuli.</P>

Dipeptidyl petidase-IV inhibitor (gemigliptin) inhibits tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and inflammation in H9c2 cardiomyocytes

Hwang, H.J.,Jung, T.W.,Ryu, J.Y.,Hong, H.C.,Choi, H.Y.,Seo, J.A.,Kim, S.G.,Kim, N.H.,Choi, K.M.,Choi, D.S.,Baik, S.H.,Yoo, H.J. North-Holland 2014 Molecular and cellular endocrinology Vol.392 No.1

The direct effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation in cardiomyocytes have not been elucidated. H9c2 cell viability, which was reduced by tunicamycin, was increased after DPP-IV inhibitor gemigliptin treatment. Gemigliptin significantly decreased the tunicamycin-mediated increase in glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression and ER stress-mediated signaling molecules such as protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/C-EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-p38. Furthermore, gemigliptin effectively induced Akt phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. Using flow cytometry and Hoechst staining, we showed that treatment with Akt inhibitor significantly blocked the anti-apoptotic effects mediated by gemigliptin. The reduction in tunicamycin-induced GRP78 level and PERK/CHOP pathway activity by gemigliptin was reversed after treatment with Akt inhibitor. In conclusion, gemigliptin effectively inhibited ER stress-induced apoptosis and inflammation in cardiomyocytes via Akt/PERK/CHOP and IRE1α/JNK-p38 pathways, suggesting its direct protective role in cardiovascular diseases.

보건소 건강생활실천사업에 대한 이용자의 서비스 만족도

김수현,김지혜,박지현,손햇님,송준영,유현진,이소연,이주희,이지은,전소현 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2014 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.48

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify satisfaction of adults who participate in healthy life practicing programs which are being provided by public health care centers. Method : Data were drawn from 129 adults who have utilized healthy life practicing programs regarding exercise, nutrition, and non-smoking offered by 2 public health centers in Seoul, using a structured questionnaire from 18th, October 2013 to 19th, November 2013. Descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA with Scheffe’s test were applied for data analyses using SPSS Statistics 21.0. Results : There were significant differences in satisfaction with healthy life practicing programs according to sex(F=6.848, p=.010), education level(F=5.289, p=.023), and age(F=5.950, p=.003). Also, satisfaction with healthy life practicing programs was significantly associated with degree of muscle strength exercise(F=4.881, p=.009). Satisfaction with exercise program was higher than satisfaction with nutrition healthy life practicing programs(t=5.997, p=.003). Conclusion : The degree of satisfaction with healthy life practicing programs was different according to participants’ socio-demographic characteristics. Therefore, providers of healthy life practicing programs need to consider sex, age, and educational level of program participants to improve satisfaction with healthy life practicing programs.

22 H. pylori 감염시 NSAID의 항암 효과에 대한 실험적 증거

김도현 ( D. H. Kim ),이기명 ( K. M. Lee ),박현진 ( H. J. Park ),최찬임 ( C. I. Chor ),원명이 ( M. I. Won ),김인혜 ( I. H. Kim ),정재연 ( J. H. Jung ),유병무 ( B. M. Yoo ),김진홍 ( J. H. Kim ),조성원 ( S. W. Cho ),함기백 ( K. B. Hahm 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

Increase in Trx2/Prx3 redox system immunoreactivity in the spinal cord and hippocampus of aged dogs

Ahn, J.H.,Choi, J.H.,Song, J.M.,Lee, C.H.,Yoo, K.Y.,Hwang, I.K.,Kim, J.S.,Shin, H.C.,Won, M.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2011 Experimental Gerontology Vol.46 No.11

We previously reported that no distinct neuronal loss occurred in the aged dog spinal cord, although oxidative stress was increased in the aged dog spinal cord. Thioredoxin 2 (Trx2)/peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3) redox system is a major route for removing H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> in the central nervous system. In the present study, we compared the distribution and immunoreactivity of thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2), Trx2 and Prx3 and their protein levels in the spinal cord and hippocampus between the adult (2-3years) and aged (10-12years) dogs. The number of TrxR2-immunoreactive neurons was slightly increased; however, its immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the aged spinal cord compared to that in the adult spinal cord. On the other hand, the number and immunoreactivity of both Trx2- and Prx3-immunoreactive neurons were significantly increased in the spinal cord of the aged dog. Similarly, in the hippocampus of the aged dog, TrxR2, Trx2 and Prx3 immunoreactivity and protein levels were markedly increased compared to those in the adult dog. These results indicate that the increases of TrxR2, Trx2 and Prx3 immunoreactivity and their protein levels in the aged spinal cord and hippocampus may contribute to reducing neuronal damage against oxidative stresses during normal aging.