Tat-PRAS40 prevent hippocampal HT-22 cell death and oxidative stress induced animal brain ischemic insults

Shin, M.J.,Kim, D.W.,Jo, H.S.,Cho, S.B.,Park, J.H.,Lee, C.H.,Yeo, E.J.,Choi, Y.J.,Kim, J.A.,Hwang, J.S.,Sohn, E.J.,Jeong, J.H.,Kim, D.S.,Kwon, H.Y.,Cho, Y.J.,Lee, K.,Han, K.H.,Park, J.,Eum, W.S.,Choi, Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Vol.97 No.-

Proline rich Akt substrate (PRAS40) is a component of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and is known to play an important role against reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. However, the precise function of PRAS40 in ischemia remains unclear. Thus, we investigated whether Tat-PRAS40, a cell-permeable fusion protein, has a protective function against oxidative stress-induced hippocampal neuronal (HT-22) cell death in an animal model of ischemia. We showed that Tat-PRAS40 transduced into HT-22 cells, and significantly protected against cell death by reducing the levels of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and derived reactive species, and DNA fragmentation as well as via the regulation of Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase 3 expression levels in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> treated cells. Also, we showed that transduced Tat-PARS40 protein markedly increased phosphorylated RRAS40 expression levels and 14-3-3σ complex via the Akt signaling pathway. In an animal ischemia model, Tat-PRAS40 effectively transduced into the hippocampus in animal brain and significantly protected against neuronal cell death in the CA1 region. We showed that Tat-PRAS40 protein effectively transduced into hippocampal neuronal cells and markedly protected against neuronal cell damage. Therefore, we suggest that Tat-PRAS40 protein may be used as a therapeutic protein for ischemia and oxidative stress-induced brain disorders.

Promotional effects of oxygen-containing additives on ammonia borane dehydrogenation for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications

Yeo, S.,Kim, Y.,Lee, J.H.,Kim, K.,Jang, J.H.,Hong, S.A.,Nam, S.W.,Yoon, C.W. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.39 No.36

To develop continuous hydrogen generators utilizing ammonia borane (AB), one of the extensively studied chemical hydrogen storage material for applications in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), various types of oxygen-containing compounds such as 18-crown-6, 18-crown-6 derivatives, glycols, and polyethylene glycols were examined as chemical additives to enhance the H<SUB>2</SUB>-release properties of AB. The rate and extent of AB dehydrogenation with these promoters were found to increase considerably at temperatures ranging from 85 <SUP>o</SUP>C to 125 <SUP>o</SUP>C; in particular, a mixture of AB and either 18-crown-6 or tetraethylene glycol afforded a material-based hydrogen storage capacity of >9.5 wt%. In situ Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies were conducted to identify gaseous byproducts potentially detrimental to a PEMFC. Density functional theory (DFT) studies demonstrated that the additives could interact with AB via hydrogen bonding between oxygen atoms of a promoter and N-H of AB, which could ultimately facilitate AB dehydrogenation.

센서 통합 능력을 갖는 다중 로보트 제어 시스템의 개발

서일홍,현웅근,김태원,여희주,김재옥,윤승중 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1992 공학기술논문집 Vol.1 No.1

A multi-robot controller is designed, where the system allows multiple robots to be controlled simultaneously up to a total of 12 axis. Especially, the control system is designed to be capable of collision avoidance and coordination of multiple robots. And to effectively handle environmental conditions, the control system is designed to be able to integrate the external sensors such as vision, encoder, and force sensors. Also, a set of programming primitives, which permit a programmer to specify coordination tasks, are proposed and discussed.

Evolution of implanted Fe ions in SiO₂/Si wafer into uniformly sized catalyst particles for carbon nanotube forest growth

Lee, C.H.,Lee, J.,Yeo, S.,Lee, S.H.,Kim, T.,Cha, H.G.,Eun, Y.,Park, H.J.,Kim, S.M.,Lee, K.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Carbon Vol.123 No.-

<P>We report the synthesis of carbon nanotube (CNT) forests with a narrow diameter distribution based on Fe ion implantation method. By annealing the Fe-implanted SiO2/Si wafer in an Ar atmosphere at 800 degrees C for 15 min, the Fe particles on the surface of SiO2 layer are successfully formed by the diffusion of Fe atoms from the SiO2 layer. Interestingly, the size distribution of Fe catalyst particles for Fe-implanted SiO2/Si wafers does not change with the prolonged annealing durations of up to 12 h. Using secondary ion mass spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we confirmed that the implanted Fe atoms diffuse out of the SiO2 layer and form Fe particles on both the SiO2 surface and the interface between SiO2 and Si. The cross-sectional TEM images indicate that the Fe catalyst particles are anchored in the SiO2 layer, which limits the particles' mobility and results in an invariant catalyst size distribution for prolonged annealing durations. Therefore, we anticipate that implantation can be an efficient alternative catalyst preparation method for CNT forest growth which can solve various growth issues that are inherently caused by conventional physical vapor deposition method. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Highly-conformal nanocrystalline molybdenum nitride thin films by atomic layer deposition as a diffusion barrier against Cu

Jang, Y.,Kim, J.B.,Hong, T.E.,Yeo, S.J.,Lee, S.,Jung, E.A.,Park, B.K.,Chung, T.M.,Kim, C.G.,Lee, D.J.,Lee, H.B.R.,Kim, S.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.663 No.-

Molybdenum nitride (Mo<SUB>2</SUB>N) thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using a sequential supply of a newly synthesized Mo metalorgranic precursor, Mo(N<SUP>t</SUP>Bu)<SUB>2</SUB>(S<SUP>t</SUP>Bu)<SUB>2</SUB>, and H<SUB>2</SUB> plasma at a substrate temperature of 300 <SUP>o</SUP>C. A newly proposed ALD system exhibited typical ALD characteristics, such as a self-limited film growth and a linear dependency of the film thickness on the number of ALD cycles, and showed a growth rate of 0.028 nm/cycle on a thermally grown SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrate. Such the ideal ALD growth characteristics enabled excellent step coverage of ~80% for the ALD-grown Mo<SUB>2</SUB>N film onto nano-trenches with a width of 25 nm and an aspect ratio ~4.5. The optimized film had a resistivity as low as ~350 μΩ-cm. X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirmed that formation of N-rich cubic Mo<SUB>2</SUB>N (N/Mo = ~0.7) phase with carbon and sulfur impurities of 2.6 and 7.4 at.%, respectively. Plan-view transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the film formed a nanocrystalline microstructure with 5-8-nm-sized grains embedded in an amorphous matrix. An ultrathin (only ~4 nm-thick) ALD-grown Mo<SUB>2</SUB>N film effectively prevented diffusion of Cu into Si after annealing at a temperature even up to 650 <SUP>o</SUP>C.

Changes of major chemical components in larch wood through combined treatment of drying and heat treatment using superheated steam

Park, Y.,Jang, S. K.,Park, J. H.,Yang, S. Y.,Chung, H.,Han, Y.,Chang, Y. S.,Choi, I. G.,Yeo, H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of wood science Vol.63 No.6

<P>The effects of the combined treatment of drying and heat treatment using superheated steam (SHS) were studied relative to the changes of the major chemical components in larch wood. The green lumber was dried and heat-treated in SHS conditions of 250 A degrees C and 0.5 MPa for 18 h, and the relative percentage contents of sugars, lignin, and extractives were investigated and compared with the relative percentage contents in the lumber heat-treated in hot air conditions of 250 A degrees C and atmospheric pressure for 18 h. After both heat treatment methods, the relative percentage contents of xylan, mannan, galactan, and arabinan were greatly decreased, whereas that of the Klason lignin was increased, additionally that of glucan and extractives remained almost unchanged. Lignin may bind with furan compounds decomposed from hemicellulose following heat treatment, thus contributing to the increase in the apparent relative percentage contents of the Klason lignin. In addition, the condensate collected in the condenser after combined drying and heat treatment using SHS was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A large amount of furfural and acetic acid decomposed from hemicellulose was detected and some sugar components composed of cellulose and hemicellulose were detected in the liquid condensate.</P>

피부 섬유아세포에서 진달래 추출물의 항산화 및 항노화 효능

최선일 ( Choi S. I. ),이사라 ( S. Lee ),이혜진 ( H. J. Lee ),김병직 ( B. J. Kim ),여주홍 ( J. Yeo ),정태동 ( T. D. Jung ),조봉연 ( B. Y. Cho ),최승현 ( S. H. Choi ),한웅호 ( X. Han ),심완섭 ( W. S. Sim ),이진하 ( J. H. Lee ),이옥환 ( O. 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2017 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.29 No.3

현재 식품 공전에 식품원료로 사용이 가능한 것으로 등록된 국내 산림지역 자생 식물을 식품산업에 활용하고자 국내 자생식물 45종을 선별하였고, 본 연구팀의 선행연구에서 45종의 항산화 활성을 평가한 결과, 다른 종들과 비교하여 우수한 항산화 활성을 보인 진달래를 본 연구에서 사용하였다. 피부 섬유아세포에 Hydrogen peroxide로 산화적 스트레스를 유도한 상태에서 진달래 추출물의 세포 보호효과 및 세포내 항산화 효과를 관찰하였다. 세포 보호효과를 측정한 결과 Hydrogen peroxide로 인해 세포 생존율이 감소한 반면 진달래 추출물처리로 세포의 산화적 손상이 억제되는 것으로 관찰되었다. H2-DCFDA 염색을 통해 세포내 항산화 효과를 확인한 결과 진달래 추출물에 의한 활성산소 저감을 확인하였다. 또한 SA-β-galactosidase assay를 통해 항노화 효과를 확인한 결과 진달래 추출물을 처리했을 때 세포의 SA-β-galactosidase 활이 줄어드는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 진달래 추출이 Hydrogen peroxide로 산화적 스트레스를 유도한 상태에서 세포 생존율을 증가시키고 세포내 활성산소의 생성을 억제하며 이로 인해 세포 노화억제가 관찰되어 천연물에서 유래한 기능성 식품원료로서의 활용도가 매우 넓을 것으로 판단된다. Skin aging is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by human cells, which is characterized by wrinkles and atypical pigmentation. Use of antioxidants is an effective approach to prevent symptoms associated with ROS-induced skin aging. Although synthetic antioxidants have been used to remove free radicals, several studies have reported that the synthetic antioxidants have side effects that cause long-term edema, which subsequently results in cancer and intracellular toxicity. Therefore, the study of safe and functional antioxidants derived from natural products is necessary for replacement of synthetic antioxidants. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-aging effect of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. extracts (RTE) on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were investigated. We confirmed that RTE markedly reduced hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage, intracellular ROS, and oxidative stress-induced senescence in HDFs. These results suggest that RTE is potential natural source of antioxidant and anti-aging compounds.

불꽃반응

여환진,이우붕,이광필,배준웅,이무상,여수동,박경미 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 과학교육연구지 Vol.20 No.-

Flame Test experiments of eight kinds of middle school science textbooks based on the 6th national science curriculum were analyzed. New method of Flame Test experiment were Proposed.

반응열측정

여환진,여수동,이무상,배준웅,이우붕,이광필 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1997 과학교육연구지 Vol.21 No.-

Concept of energy is introduced in the teaching quantitative relating of chemical reactions. The relations between the kind of matter and its mass are clarified in terms of energy of in calorie involved in the reaction. The heat quantity and strength of chemical bond are also explained by a model. Such an approach is able to give students deeper understanding of quantitative relation existing in chemical reactions.

Broiler 養鷄農家의 經營分析과 生産性 堤高方案

金載弘,吳鳳國,鄭槿基,閔炳烈,呂政秀 서울大學校 農科大學 1982 서울대농학연구지 Vol.7 No.2

1. The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the current status of broiler operations in Korea related to management practices and input and output relationship in broiler production by surveying 150 broiler producers throughout the country. Based on this primary information, this study attempted to illustrate a model of broiler farming budget. 2. The average size of the broiler operation included in this survey was 27,376 birds produced per farm during the period from September Ⅰ, 1980 to August 31, 1981. However, around 70% of the produces with the broiler farming with less thatn 20,000 birds produced annually or less than \5 million during the late half of 1960's and the early half of 1970's. About 83% of the farmers were graduates from high school or college. These broiler produced listed that the capital shortage and poor production and management skills are the most important problems in the operation. 3. The farmers used to purchase baby chicks from the well known hatcheries and commercial mixed feeds on one or two month's credit. The broilers were sold to wholesalers or assemblers. 4. On the average, every famer raised chicks 4 or 5 times a year. Approximately 42% of farmers purchase baby chicks once a week and 33% of farmers twice a month for the replacement of broiler houses. Approximately 72% of farmers practiced all in all out system for the replacement of broilers. Debeaking was practiced by a few farmers and 67% of farmers have kepa fairly reasonable records. 5. The labor used per 1,000 birds a year was 163 man hours on the average, which means one man alone can namage approxomately 20,000 birds of broilers in a year. Total of 163 hours, 40% or 64.5 hours was allocated for general management, 42% for feeding and watering, 18% for cleaning, waste management and forwarding. 6. The average size of housing unit was 25 pyung which can accommodate 1,000~1,250 birds of broilers, and most of the house were built a simple frame vinyle house. 7. Underground water has been the major source of water supply to the birds on the most of the operations, however, the quality of the water has never been tested yet. CRD, Marek's disease, Lucocytozoon and Newcastle disease occurred very frequently at the broiler operation. 8. The average cost for raising a broiler was \7,889 per 10kg of live weight during the study period, and the cost was significantly decreased as the size of operation increased. It was required about 8 weeks of age the broiler reaches 2.0kg of body weight. 9. The production cost was constituted of 64.6% feed cost, 17.5% of chick cost, 8.7% of labor cost and 9.2% of other cost items in total. The rate of body weight gain and the rate of feed requirement were considered as the most important factors affecting the cost of broiler production. 10. Income to the management and owned labor and capital per 10kg of broiler live weight was \1,447 on the average, but varied significantly as the size of operation changed. For example, the income per 10kg of broiler weight was \1,423 for the farmers with 10,000~20,000 birds, while that was \1,552 for the farmers with 20,000~50,000 birds or more. 11. It is recommanded that an increase in broiler production efficiencies should be achieved through the introduction of modern facilities and equipment, expansion of flock size and adaptation of advanced management practices such as high potential chicks, all in-all out management system and the scientific disease prevention programs. The goals for the rate of body weight gain should be 2.0kg or more body weight at 8 weeks of age, the feed requirement 2.0kg per kilogram of body gain and the mortality less thatn 4% for 8 weeks of age. 12. based on the results of this survey and the recommendations made above, two model budgets were developed for the 25,000 birds operation and the 50,000 birds operation in a year, respectively. The difference in broiler production costs was \100 per 10kg of body weight in favour of the large operation. It was true because the large scale operation needed relatively small amount of land and capital per bird.