The Impact of Financial Management Practices on Growth of Small and Medium Enterprise in MOGADISHU

Isse Abdikadir Mohamud,Abdisalan Mohamed 동아시아경상학회 2016 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.4 No.3

Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) make important contributions to economic and social development of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of financial management practices employed by the SME’s and their effect on growth. This study was conducted quantitatively through descriptive research design; the data was collected from sample size of 120 of some SMEs operate in Mogadishu. Used questionnaire as data collection tool, the data analysis was done by using the statistical package SPSS version16, the data analyzed and presented by calculation, determining frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Therefore the researchers found result revealed that extent of financial management is low among small and medium enterprises and also, that the financial management is significantly influence on the on growth of small and medium enterprises in Mogadishu Somalia. Furthermore the findings revealed that the cash management, accounts receivable and inventory management are low among SME. Also that most of the selected SME don not make financial plan to their business, at the end that most of the selected SME don not have formal accounting information system to their business.

Factors Determine Exchange Rate Volatility of Somalia

Isse Abdikadir Mohamud 동아시아경상학회 2015 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.3 No.4

The exchange rate is a very important macro variable that has influence on the whole economy and has, therefore, been the topic of many discussions amongst policymakers, academics and other economic agents. The issue of whether to have a fixed, pegged or floating exchange rate regime was highly debated during the 1970s. The purpose of this paper is to investigate what factors determine the exchange rate in Somalia. Quantitative research methodology has been employed to develop regression model using time series data for the period of 12 years. The regression model has been developed based on Quantity theory of money, purchasing power parity and uncovered interest rate parity theory. Somalia is on the countries where the highest exchange rate volatility exists; for example in 2012, the rate jumped 29% percent and two weak later dropped 21%, when Turkish humanitarian aid agencies injected the market a lot of U.S dollar. Based on my study using regression model for time series data of 12 years, the four factors are mainly attributable for the exchange rate volatility of Somalia; these factors include the balance of payment, inflation rate, money supply (mostly come from remittance and NGOs) and Bank profits.

Exchange Rate Volatility: Empirical Evidence from Somalia in 2010

Isse Abdikadir Mohamud 한국유통과학회 2014 유통과학연구 Vol.12 No.3

Purpose - The objective of this study was to examine the volatility of the exchange rate of the Somali shilling (SoSh) during 2010, especially the exchange rate between the Somali shilling and US dollar. Research design, data, and methodology - The study employed aquantitative research design; the data was analyzed using contents analysis for the data pertaining to the exchange rate between the US dollar and Somali Shilling in 2010. Results - The main findings were that the exchange rate was very volatile during 2010 because of three sources: (1) Imbalance of demand and supply in the money market, (2) People adopting the US dollar as the medium of exchange forgoods and services, thereby reducing the circulation of the SoSh, and (3) Lack of a strong central bank. Conclusions - The study suggested three possible remedies: the establishment of an effective central bank that matches the demand and supply of the currencies, adoption of the Somali shilling as the official currency base for the prices of commodities, and minimizing the imports into the country and maximizing its exports, to support the strengthening of the Somali shilling.

Assessment of the Contribution of Microfinance to Entrepreneurship Development in MOGADISHU

Isse Abdikadir Mohamud,Abdirahman Abdinur Awale 동아시아경상학회 2016 The East Asian Journal of Business Economics Vol.4 No.3

Delivery of microfinance services to operators of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is increasingly being viewed as a strategic means of assisting growth and development. The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of microfinance to entrepreneurship development in Mogadishu. Survey research design was adopted and Primary data was collected by using questionnaires. This research study used purposive sampling method to select 120 respondents; but 108 were found usable and analyzed. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. This study found the access of microfinance services to the SMEs is poor. This study also found due to the collateral, short term repayment challenges, small and medium businesses are difficult to access loan from microfinance institutions which hinder their entrepreneurship development. In addition to these, this study found that the Microfinance institutions play significance role to the growth and sustainable development of SMEs and also increases the productivity and profitability of small and medium enterprises. This study recommends the guidelines of microfinance institutions to finance SMEs needs to be flexible and microfinance institutions should give technical assistant to the SME to ensure success in the SME sector. The study also suggests access of microfinance services to the SMEs should be facilitated and awareness to microfinance purposes and activities should be created.

Assessment of the Contribution of Microfinance to Entrepreneurship Development in MOGADISHU

Mohamud, Isse Abdikadir,Awale, Abdirahman Abdinur East Asia Business Economics Association 2016 East asian journal of business management Vol.4 No.3

Delivery of microfinance services to operators of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is increasingly being viewed as a strategic means of assisting growth and development. The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of microfinance to entrepreneurship development in Mogadishu. Survey research design was adopted and Primary data was collected by using questionnaires. This research study used purposive sampling method to select 120 respondents; but 108 were found usable and analyzed. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. This study found the access of microfinance services to the SMEs is poor. This study also found due to the collateral, short term repayment challenges, small and medium businesses are difficult to access loan from microfinance institutions which hinder their entrepreneurship development. In addition to these, this study found that the Microfinance institutions play significance role to the growth and sustainable development of SMEs and also increases the productivity and profitability of small and medium enterprises. This study recommends the guidelines of microfinance institutions to finance SMEs needs to be flexible and microfinance institutions should give technical assistant to the SME to ensure success in the SME sector. The study also suggests access of microfinance services to the SMEs should be facilitated and awareness to microfinance purposes and activities should be created.

The Impact of Financial Management Practices on Growth of Small and Medium Enterprise in MOGADISHU

Mohamud, Isse Abdikadir,Mohamed, Abdisalan East Asia Business Economics Association 2016 East asian journal of business management Vol.4 No.3

Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs) make important contributions to economic and social development of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of financial management practices employed by the SME's and their effect on growth. This study was conducted quantitatively through descriptive research design; the data was collected from sample size of 120 of some SMEs operate in Mogadishu. Used questionnaire as data collection tool, the data analysis was done by using the statistical package SPSS version16, the data analyzed and presented by calculation, determining frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Therefore the researchers found result revealed that extent of financial management is low among small and medium enterprises and also, that the financial management is significantly influence on the on growth of small and medium enterprises in Mogadishu Somalia. Furthermore the findings revealed that the cash management, accounts receivable and inventory management are low among SME. Also that most of the selected SME don not make financial plan to their business, at the end that most of the selected SME don not have formal accounting information system to their business.

Detection and location of local earthquakes in the oldest Pacific plate using the Oldest-1 (Pacific Array) data

Jun Yong Park,YoungHee Kim,Takehi Isse,Kwang-Hee Kim,Hajime Shiobara,Hitoshi Kawakatsu,Sang-Mook Lee,Hisashi Utada,Nozomu Takeuchi,Hiroko Sugioka 대한지질학회 2020 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.10

Detection and Location of Seismicity at the Oldest Pacific Plate Using Oldest-1 Array Data

Jun Yong Park,YoungHee Kim,Takehi Isse,Kwang-Hee Kim,Hajime Shiobara,Hitoshi Kawakatsu,Sang-Mook Lee,Hisashi Utada,Nozomu Takeuchi,Hiroko Sugioka,Won-Young Kim 대한지질학회 2022 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10

Cyclooxygenase‐2 prevents fas‐induced liver injury through up‐regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor

Li, Guiying,Han, Chang,Xu, Lihong,Lim, Kyu,Isse, Kumiko,Wu, Tong Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Hepatology Vol.50 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)–derived prostaglandins participate in a number of pathophysiological responses such as inflammation, carcinogenesis, and modulation of cell growth and survival. This study used complementary approaches of COX‐2 transgenic (Tg) and knockout (KO) mouse models to evaluate the mechanism of COX‐2 in Fas‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver failure <I>in vivo</I>. We generated Tg mice with targeted expression of COX‐2 in the liver by using the albumin promoter‐enhancer–driven vector. The COX‐2 Tg, COX‐2 KO, and wild‐type mice were treated with the anti‐Fas antibody Jo2 (0.5 μg/g of body weight) for 4 to 6 hours, and the extent of liver injury was assessed by histopathology, serum aminotransferases, TUNEL staining, and caspase activation. The COX‐2 Tg mice showed resistance to Fas‐induced liver injury in comparison with the wild‐type mice; this was reflected by the lower alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, less liver damage, and less hepatocyte apoptosis (<I>P</I> < 0.01). In contrast, the COX‐2 KO mice showed significantly higher serum ALT and AST levels, more prominent hepatocyte apoptosis, and higher levels of caspase‐8, caspase‐9, and caspase‐3 activity than the wild‐type mice (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The COX‐2 Tg livers expressed higher levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) than the wild‐type controls; the COX‐2 KO livers expressed the lowest levels of EGFR. Pretreatment with a COX‐2 inhibitor (NS‐398) or an EGFR inhibitor (AG1478) exacerbated Jo2‐mediated liver injury and hepatocyte apoptosis. <I>Conclusion:</I> These findings demonstrate that COX‐2 prevents Fas‐induced hepatocyte apoptosis and liver failure at least in part through up‐regulation of EGFR. (H<SMALL>EPATOLOGY</SMALL> 2009.)</P>

Effects of Lifestyle on Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene Concentration

Kawamoto, Toshihiro,Yang, Mihi,Kim, Yong-Dae,Kim, Heon,Oyama, Tsunehiro,Isse, Toyohi,Matsuno, Koji,Katoh, Takahiko,Uchiyama, Iwao J. OCCUP. HEALTH 2007 JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Vol.49 No.3

<P>This study aimed to clarify the variation of urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene, which is a major metabolite of pyrene, in relation to lifestyle, including factors such as diet and smoking. The study subjects were 251 workers (male: 196, female: 55, mean age: 44.3) who were not occupationally exposed to PAHs. Urine specimens were collected from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. and their 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations were determined by HPLC. A questionnaire was distributed in order to learn gross aspects of the subjects' lifestyles, i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee/black tea intake, and dietary habits. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that cigarette consumption most strongly affected the 1-hydroxypyrene level in urine, followed by dietary balance. The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations of smokers were about 2 times higher than those of non-smokers. Subjects who ate more meat and/or fish excreted 1.5-2 times more 1-hydroxypyrene in urine than those who ate more vegetables.</P>