Wireless Spintronics Modulation With a Spin Torque Nano-Oscillator (STNO) Array

Inn-Yeal Oh,Seung-Young Park,Doo-Hyung Kang,Chul Soon Park IEEE 2014 IEEE microwave and wireless components letters Vol.24 No.7

<P>This letter presents a spin RF-direct modulation using a frequency division multiplex (FDM) with a spin torque nano-oscillator (STNO) array. For the proposed modulation, two STNO are bonded at each branch of a T-junction on a PCB, where a high pass filter (HPF) and a low pass filter (LPF) are connected on each branch of the T-junction to transmit the modulated signal into one antenna. Each STNO modulates by on-off keying (OOK) with digital data directly after setting on the separation of channels for two STNOs into 700 MHz, one STNO at 3.5 GHz frequency and the other at 4.2 GHz, with consideration of the minimum sensitivity and interference related with isolation between channels. A data rate of up to 400 Kbps is obtained at a distance of 10 mm, and the dc power consumption is 3 mW per STNO, including logic circuit operation. The PCB size is as small as 28 x 27 mm, including the 4.2 x 2.1 mm STNO array.</P>

MMIC PAM applied with pre-distorter having independent operation of nonlinear signal

Oh, Inn-Yeal,Kim, Ki-Byoung,Ra, Keuk-Hwan,Park, Chul-Soon Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS Vol.50 No.4

<P>A dynamic pre-distorter with two paths to set nonlinear signal level and phase encourages power amplifier module (PAM) for wireless broadband (Wibro) service to enhance linearity. We proposed a linearizer having a new IM generator, which is made up of the InGaP/GaAs HBT operated at saturation region of a common collector circuit. The targeted Wibro PAM is designed using InGaP/GaAs HBT technology, and the pre-distorter, drive and power amplifier are fully integrated in single chip within 960 × 2400 μm. Even though PAM is designed to have just a 5-dB back-off, PAM is compatible with linearity standards up to maximum output power 21 dBm, and has a 17.5% efficiency by having a low leakage and improving spurious of 6 dB in the 64QAM form based on IEEE802.16e-2005 standards. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 851–855, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23235</P>

고선형성, 고효율의 Wibro용 PAM 설계

오인열,김태수,이근무,Oh Inn-Yeal,Kim Tae-Soo,Rhe Kun-Moo 한국전자파학회 2006 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.17 No.6

This thesis is regarding of fabricating wibro PAM. First of all, we need to set specification based on link budget for wibro communication circumstance in order to develop PAM, then we decided specification concerning of wibro PAM by considering TTAS_Ko_06_0082R1 which is standarded in Korea, and IEEE Std. 802. 16d/e which is international standard. We selected the Doherty structure to increase efficiency, and pre-distorter structure to increase linearity. The fabricated PAM has not only a result of $26.5dB{\pm}1.0dB$ gain characteristics and maximum of -14 dB return loss characteristics in full frequency bands and full output ranges, but also a result of 37 dBc at 4 tone IMD characteristics which is improved result of 843 and a result of 31 dBc spurious characteristics which is improved result of 5 dB at 4.77 MHz offset point in status of having 27 % efficiency in the 26 dBm high power amplifier output signal. We confirmed the suggested structure is better than others by comparing with normal structure, balanced structure and Doherty structure without predistorter. 본 논문은 Wibro용으로 사용될 수 있는 PAM 사양을 설정하고, 사양을 바탕으로 Wibro 동작에 적합한 PAM 구조를 제시하고, 설계하는데 목적을 두었다. Wibro용에 적합한 PAM 설계가 되도록 2005년 802.16e 규격 승인에 따른 최종 개정 안인 TTA의 TTAS_Ko_06_O082R1과 국제규격 IEEE Std. 802. 16d/e를 기반으로 사양을 정하였으며, 높은 효율 동작을 위해 최종단 증폭기는 Doherty 구조를 갖도록 하였고, 보다 높은 선형성 동작을 위해 pre-distorter를 적용 설계하였다. 제작된 PAM은 전체의 사용 대역과 전체의 사용 출력 범위에서 $26.5dB{\pm}1.0dB$의 이득 특성과 -14 dB 이하의 입출력 반사 손실 특성을 가지며, 최대 사용 출력인 26 dBm의 출력점에서 pre-distorter에 의한 4 Tone IMD 특성의 8 dB 개선 효과를 얻어 37 dBc의 결과를 얻었고, Wibro 신호에서는 4.77 MHz Offset 지점에서 5 dB의 개선 효과를 얻으면서 31 dBc의 스프리어스 동작 특성을 얻음과 동시에 Doherty 방식 적용으로 27% 정도의 효율 동작 특성을 얻었다. 제작된 결과는 기존 일반 PAM 구조와 Balanced 구조 그리고 전치 왜곡기가 적용되지 않은 Doherty 구조와의 동작을 비교 분석하여 비교 우위 성능을 가지고 있음을 밝혔다.

지상파 디지털 TV 방송용 송신기에서 변조기의 위상오차 보상에 관한 알고리듬 구현

오인열,양경석,이철,목하균,오성환,Oh, Inn-Yeal,Yang, Kyung-Seok,Lee, Chul,Mok, Ha-Kyun,Oh, Seong-Hwan 한국통신학회 1999 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.6

본 논문은 최근 지상파 디지털TV 표준 방식으로 정해진 8VSB(8 Levels Vestigial Side Band) 방식의 변조기에 관련된 내용이다. 디지털TV 시스템 개발에 있어서 가장 어려운 문제점 중 하나는 위상오차를 해결하여 얼마나 디지털 신호를 왜곡 없이 사용자에게 전송할 수 있느냐\ulcorner 이다. 그러나 설계상의 문제, 환경변화, 부품의 열화등의 원인에 의해 발생될 수 있는 위상오차는 VSB 방식의 변조기에서의 I, Q 데이터에 왜곡을 일으키게 하거나, 1KW 이상의 송신을 하는 방송 장비에 유지되어 타 인접 채널에 심각한 영향을 일으키기도 한다. 이와 관련하여 본 논문에서는 위상오차 원인 중의 하나인 8레벨의 디지털 신호에서 IF(Intermediate Frequency) 주파수대로 변환될 때에 발생되는 위상오차를 분석하였고, 이에 대한 보상 알고리듬을 제안하였고, 이를 적용한 결과를 논하였다. In this paper, we have studied the 8 YSB (8 Vestigial Side Band) method which is decided as the standard of modulators for next generation digital TV System. In developing digital TV System, one of the difficult problems is how digital signal can be transmitted to the receiver without any phase distortion. But, phase error is liable to occur by imperfect design, circumstance variation and device degradation. These characteristics result in distortion of 1,0 signal of modulator and interference in adjacent channels. In particular, the interference in modulator of a high power amplifier result in serious problems in adjacent channels. Here we analyzed problems of phase error which are occurred when 8 levels digital signals are modulated to If signal. And we suggested phase error compensation algorithm and discussed the results for adaptation of the algorithm

크레인의 이동거리 측정을 위한 무선 송수신기 설계 및 평가

김태수,오인열,전중창,Kim, Tae-Soo,Oh, Inn-Yeal,Chun, Joong-Chang 한국정보통신학회 2007 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.11 No.4

본 논문에서 제안하는 크레인의 이동거리 측정시스템은 전파의 위상 및 크기를 이용하여 거리를 인식하는 기술이다. 제안하는 기술은 거리측정용 무선송수신기를 설계하고, 측정시스템을 구현하며, 송수신된 900Mhz대 RF 신호로부터 중간주파수인 450Khz의 아날로그 데이터를 디스크에 저장한다. RF 측정결과 9.3 dBm의 출력과 96dBc@10khz의 위상 잡음특성을 얻었고 얻어진 RF 신호에 대한 450Khz 데이터를 디지털신호처리를 통하여 거리정보를 얻는 것이다. 측정된 거리의 평가를 위해서 실제거리와 측정된 거리를 비교분석하고, 또한 평균처리 및 진폭특성을 통한 측정오차 제거 방법을 제시하였다. 최종거리 측정 결과 Ref. 신호에 비하여 10m-30m 거리에 대하여 0.12, 그리고 5m 이내의 근거리 실험에서 위상오차가 0.00422이었으나, 진폭특성을 보완하여 4m에서 2.4E-04의 오차를 얻을 수 있었다. In this paper, the measurement system of crane moving range is concerned with range recognition technology using phase and magnitude of radio wave. By the proposed technology, we design the radio transmitter and receiver and realize the measurement system, and save the data in disk that is earned from 900Mhz RF signal, middle frequency 450khz of analog signal. As a result of RF measurement, we got 9.3 dBm of RF output and 96 dBc@10khz of phase noise. Range information is earned the data through digital signal processing of IF signal. For the estimation of range measured, we analyze the difference between real range and measurement range, and also suggest the method to remove the measurement error using average processing and amplitude properties. A result is 0.12 and 0.00422 deviation in l0mn-30m and within 5m respectively, and then 2.4E-04 deviation in 4m by using compensation of level characteristics lately.

A 2.16 mW Low Power Digitally-Controlled Variable Gain Amplifier

So Young Kang,Jooyoung Jang,Inn-Yeal Oh,Chul Soon Park IEEE 2010 IEEE microwave and wireless components letters Vol.20 No.3

<P>A low power digitally-controlled CMOS variable gain amplifier (VGA) was fabricated in a TSMC 0.18 ¿m CMOS technology. By extending the transconductor operation range from saturation mode for high gain to triode mode for low gain, the proposed VGA can obtain a wide gain range with low power dissipation. The power consumption of the proposed VGA is as small as 2.16 mW while keeping a wide gain range of 53 dB. The proposed VGA has a controlled gain from -22 dB to 31 dB with 1 dB steps. When the proposed VGA was set to a maximum gain, the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the 3 dB bandwidth are -48 dB and at least 65 MHz, respectively.</P>

차세대 밀리미터파 대역 WPAN용 60 ㎓ CMOS SoC

이재진(Jae Jin Lee),정동윤(Dong Yun Jung),오인열(Inn Yeal Oh),박철순(Chul Soon Park) 한국전자파학회 2010 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.21 No.6

본 논문에서는 0.13 ㎛ CMOS 공정을 사용하여, 이동단말기 탑재에 적합한 저 전력, 저 잡음 구조 개별 소자 (LNA, Mixer, VCO, frequency doubler, signal generator, down converter)들을 제안하고, 나아가 이를 하나의 칩으로 집적화 시킨 60 ㎓ 단일 칩 수신기 구조를 제안한다. 저전력화를 위해 current re-use 구조를 적용시킨 LNA의 경우, 11.6 ㎽ 의 전력 소모 시, 56 ㎓부터 60 ㎓까지 측정된 잡음지수(NF)는 4 ㏈ 이하이다. 저전력화를 위한 resistive mixer의 경우, Cgs의 보상 회로를 통하여 낮은 LO 신호 크기에서도 동작 가능하도록 하였다. -9.4㏈의 변환 이득을 보여주며, 20 ㏈의 LO-RF isolation 특성을 가진다. Ka-band VCO는 4.99 ㎽ 전력 소모 시측정된 출력 신호 크기는 27.4 ㎓에서 -3 ㏈m이 되며, 26.89 ㎓에서부터 1 ㎒ offset 기준으로 -113 ㏈c/㎐의 phase noise 특성을 보인다. 49.2 ㏈의 원신호 억제 효과를 보이는 Frequency Doubler는 총 전력 소모가 9.08 ㎽일 경우, -4 ㏈m의 27.1 ㎓ 입력 신호 인가 시 -53.2 ㏈m의 fundamental 신호(27.1 ㎓)와 -4.45㏈m의 V-band second harmonic 신호(54.2 ㎓)를 얻을 수 있었으며, 이는 -0.45 ㏈의 변환 이득을 나타낸다. 60 ㎓ CMOS 수신기는 LNA, resistive mixer, VCO, frequency doubler, 그리고 drive amplifier로 구성되어 있으며, 전체 전력 소모는 21.9 ㎽이다. WLAN과의 호환 가능성을 위하여, IF(Intermediate Frequency) bandwidth가 5.25㎓(4.75~10 ㎓)이며, RF 3 ㏈ bandwidth는 58 ㎓를 중심으로 6.2 ㎓이다. 이때의 변환 손실은 -9.5 ㏈이며, 7 ㏈의 NF와 -12.5 ㏈m의 높은 입력 P1 ㏈를 보여주고 있다. 이는 60 ㎓ RF 회로의 저전력화, 저가격화, 그리고 소형화를 통한 WPAN용 이동단말기의 적용 가능성을 입증한다. A low power single-chip CMOS receiver for 60 ㎓ mobile application are proposed in this paper. The single-chip receiver consists of a 4-stage current re-use LNA with under 4 ㏈ NF, Cgs compensating resistive mixer with -9.4 ㏈ conversion gain, Ka-band low phase noise VCO with -113 ㏈c/㎐ phase noise at 1 ㎒ offset from 26.89 ㎓, high-suppression frequency doubler with -0.45 ㏈ conversion gain, and 2-stage current re-use drive amplifier. The size of the fabricated receiver using a standard 0.13 ㎛ CMOS technology is 2.67 ㎜×0.75 ㎜ including probing pads. An RF bandwidth is 6.2 ㎓, from 55 to 61.2 ㎓ and an LO tuning range is 7.14 ㎓, from 48.45 ㎓ to 55.59 ㎓. The If bandwidth is 5.25 ㎓(4.75~10 ㎓) The conversion gain and input P1 ㏈ are -9.5 ㏈ and -12.5 ㏈m, respectively, at RF frequency of 59 ㎓. The proposed single-chip receiver describes very good noise performances and linearity with very low DC power consumption of only 21.9 ㎽.

A Reconfigurable Quad-Band CMOS Class E Power Amplifier for Mobile and Wireless Applications

Ki Young Kim,Woo Young Kim,Hyuk Su Son,Inn Yeal Oh,Chul Soon Park IEEE 2011 IEEE microwave and wireless components letters Vol.21 No.7

<P>This paper proposes a new design technique for a reconfigurable CMOS Class E power amplifier (PA) by selectively activating the transistor cells in the array of power transistors. The activated transistors will be used for amplification and the non-activated transistors will be used for input/output matching and switching capacitance for Class E operation. The quad-band PA for 1.9/2.3/2.6/3.5 GHz has been implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology using the technique without any switch or tunable circuit. This PA obtains output powers of 24.2/23.8/23.4/ 20.5 dBm and efficiency of 48.2/44.3/40.9/35.6% at 1.9/2.3/2.6/ 3.5 GHz. The total MMIC chip size is as small as 0.92 × 1.75 mm<SUP>2</SUP> for the reconfigurable quad-band operation.</P>

A CMOS Envelope-Tracking Transmitter With an On-Chip Common-Gate Voltage Modulation Linearizer

Woo-Young Kim,Hyuk Su Son,Joon Hyung Kim,Joo Young Jang,Inn Yeal Oh,Chul Soon Park IEEE 2014 IEEE microwave and wireless components letters Vol.24 No.6

<P>This letter presents a fully integrated CMOS envelope-tracking transmitter with an on-chip common-gate voltage modulation linearizer that achieves an average output power of 26/23.5 dBm with a PAE of 33/28%, an ACLR of -33 / -32.5 dBc at a frequency of 1.9 GHz for 3.84 MHz BW 3.5 dB PAPR WCDMA and 5 MHz BW 7.5 dB PAPR LTE signals in an 0.18-μm CMOS process. The CMOS ET transmitter is integrated with an envelope amplifier, two pairs of saturated power amplifiers, and an on-chip linearizer. The total chip size is 2.5 × 1.5 mm<SUP>2</SUP> with the input/output on-chip transformers and matching networks.</P>

Dual polarization 2D Beam-Forming antenna development for NR-V2X

Kim Byung.Hoon(김병훈),Yeon Jin Uk(연진욱),Kim Hong Yi(김홍이),Oh Inn Yeal(오인열) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

This paper developed an array antenna with a 2D beam-forming dual polarization function that can be used for NR-V2X and automobile RADAR(RAdio Detection And Ranging). Antenna designed a patch-type forming a broad-side beam radiation in a 2x2 array structure to enable up and down / left and right beam-forming operations. And two vertical and horizontal linear feeds were applied to ensure reception in either direction to have a dual-polarization function. As a result of the design, it was confirmed that all array antenna had reflective losses of -10 dB or less in the entire frequency band of 57 to 66 GHz. It was confirmed that the single antenna is a gain of 6 dBi, the E-plane beam width is +/-45deg, and the H-plane beam width is +/-50deg. In the 2x2 array structural operation, it was confirmed that the radiation angle was operated at +/-22deg, and that +/-50deg coverage was achieved with a vertical/horizontal beam-forming operation. The antenna gain was 9 to 11 dBi.