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- 저자 : Inchul Choi,Keith H. S. Campbell (검색결과 65 건)
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The Role of Protein Kinases in Reprogramming and Development of SCNT Embryos
Inchul Choi,Keith H. S. Campbell 한국수정란이식학회 2015 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Successful somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been reported across a range of species using a range of recipient cells including enucleated metaphase II (MII) arrested oocytes, enucleated activated MII oocytes, and mitotic zygotes. However, the frequency of development to term varies significantly, not only between different cytoplast recipients but also within what is thought to be a homogenous population of cytoplasts. One of the major differences between cytoplasts is the activities of the cell cycle regulated protein kinases, maturation promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). Dependent upon their activity, exposure of the donor nucleus to these kinases can have both positive and negative effects on subsequent development. Co-ordination of cell cycle stage of the donor nucleus with the activities of MPF and MAPK in the cytoplast is essential to avoid DNA damage and maintain correct ploidy. However, recent information suggests that these kinases may also effect reprogramming of the somatic nucleus and preimplantation embryo development by other mechanisms. This article will summarise the differences between cytoplast recipients, their effects on development and discuss the potential role/s of MPF and or MAPK in nuclear reprogramming.
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Success of Embryo Transfer Depends on Tight Junction Biogenesis and Assembly of Blastocyst
Inchul Choi,Jiyeon Jeong,Yelin Jeong,Jeeahn Lee 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.05
Establishment of the Adherens junction (AJ) and Tight junction (TJ) are important steps in terms of morphological formation during preimplantation develoment. Particularly, TJ complex is crucial for cavitation in blastocyst. So far, many TJ protein/genes are revealed. However, the biological function and regulation of TJ were not elucidated during post implantation. We depleted several TJ and TJ associated genes using RNA interference, and examined preimplantation development with TJ. We tested functionality of paracellular sealing to determine integrity of TJ formation and examined TE differentiation indirectly using outgrowth assay in vitro. We observed defect of paracellular permeability in the TJ related genes knockdown(KD) blastocyst and abnormal outgrowth. Particularly, trophoblast cells were not stretched out in the KD groups. Finally, we did embryo transfer using the TJ genes KD and control blastocysts into surrogate mothers. We found lower of the implantation rates/ maintenance of pregnancy in the TJ KD groups (less than 40%) than in the controls (about 80%). In conclusion, TJ integrity is can be used as a selective marker for developmentally competent embryos and successful pregnancy.
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Inchul Choi,Amar Dasari,Keith Campbell,Jason Knott 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2011 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
The vast majority of embryo generated by Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) do not result in a live offspring and a multiple birth is the single biggest health risk associated with human fertility treatment, and the used of frozen embryos increased for medical or personal reasons. However, practical and ethical reasons might hamper study of human embryos. Therefore, animal models are necessary to elucidate the molecular and morphological changes during development. In the serial experiments, we employed mouse embryos and a Cdx-inducible ES cell system that transdifferentiates into TS cells. We found aberrant gene expression profiles including apoptosis associated (Bcl2), lineage formation related genes (Cdx-2, Tcfap2c, Oct4, and Nanog), and/or mitochondrial DNA replication related genes (mt-cox-1, mt-cox-2, Polg, Polg2, Tfam) in mouse embryos that showed developmentally retardation between morula to blastocyst transition or post implantation development after embryo transfer to surrogate mothers, compared to control embryos. To determine direct interaction between knockdown genes via siRNA approach and putative down-stream genes involved in blastocyst formation and further development, we carried out qPCR and Chip assay in either mouse embryos or the ES cells. qPCR and Chip assay results showed target gene directly bound to promoter regions of down-regulated genes in TS cells. In conclusion, we suggested that an increased understanding of epigenetic regulation of early embryonic development through animal models may ultimately lead to better methodologies for selecting more competent embryos and and/or protocols for augmenting embryos viability.
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The Role of Protein Kinases in Reprogramming and Development of SCNT Embryos
Choi, Inchul,Campbell, Keith H.S. The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2015 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.1
Successful somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been reported across a range of species using a range of recipient cells including enucleated metaphase II (MII) arrested oocytes, enucleated activated MII oocytes, and mitotic zygotes. However, the frequency of development to term varies significantly, not only between different cytoplast recipients but also within what is thought to be a homogenous population of cytoplasts. One of the major differences between cytoplasts is the activities of the cell cycle regulated protein kinases, maturation promoting factor (MPF) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK). Dependent upon their activity, exposure of the donor nucleus to these kinases can have both positive and negative effects on subsequent development. Co-ordination of cell cycle stage of the donor nucleus with the activities of MPF and MAPK in the cytoplast is essential to avoid DNA damage and maintain correct ploidy. However, recent information suggests that these kinases may also effect reprogramming of the somatic nucleus and preimplantation embryo development by other mechanisms. This article will summarise the differences between cytoplast recipients, their effects on development and discuss the potential role/s of MPF and or MAPK in nuclear reprogramming.
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Choi, Byungchul,Jiang, Xiaolong,Kim, Young Kwon,Jung, Gilsung,Lee, Chunhwan,Choi, Inchul,Song, Chi Sung Elsevier 2015 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.146 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of diesel fuel blend with n-butanol on the emission of turbocharged common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine and to compare the results with the neat diesel fuel operation case. The blends considered here were blends of diesel fuels with 10% and 20% (by volume) n-butanol. Engine performance and emission characteristics were measured by the European Stationary Cycle (ESC) test. Emissions of HCs, CO, NOx, HCHO, HCOOH and NH<SUB>3</SUB> were measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Size and number distribution of particulate matter (PM) were measured by the Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS). From the results, for the n-butanol blend, NOx emission increased compared with the neat diesel fuel case. At the case of 20% butanol, both THC and CO emissions increased significantly, and both HCHO and HCOOH increased modestly under the low loading of ESC 7, 9 and 11 mode compared with the neat diesel fuel case. Higher blending ratio (>20%) of butanol fuels could contribute to the precursor of PAHs formation such as toluene and benzene in diesel combustion. BU5 blend could be a better option to reduce the PM mass and the emissions of nanosized PM under 50nm.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> For the n-butanol blend, NOx emission increased compared with the neat diesel fuel case. </LI> <LI> At the case of 20% butanol, THC and CO emissions increased significantly, and HCHO increased in the low loading conditions. </LI> <LI> Higher blending ratio (>20%) of butanol fuels contributes to the precursor of PAHs formation such as toluene. </LI> <LI> BU5 blend could be a better option to reduce the PM mass and the emissions of nano-sized PM under 50nm. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Choi, Inchul,Lee, Joon-Hee,Fisher, Pat,Campbell, Keith H.S. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.77 No.10
<P>Treatment of ovine oocytes during the latter stages of maturation in vitro with caffeine, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can increase the activities of maturation promoting factor and mitogen-activated protein kinases at metaphase II. When used as cytoplast recipients for somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT), caffeine-treated oocytes produced blastocysts with increased cell numbers. The objectives of these studies were to determine the effects of caffeine treatment on the expression profile of genes involved in early embryonic development and whether induction or maintenance of pregnancy was subsequently altered. No differences in overall expression patterns were observed between fertilised, caffeine-treated fertilised and parthenogenetic embryos. In control NT embryos, altered levels of gene expression were found for OCT4, five genes regulated by OCT4 (H2AF.Z, NANOG, SOX2, FGF4 and INFT) and the heat-shock response genes (HSP27 and HSP70.1). Levels of OCT4, H2AF.Z, NANOG, HSP 27 and FGF4 decreased, while those of INFT, HSP70.1 and SOX2 increased. In contrast, expression levels of these genes in caffeine-treated NT embryos were similar to those in fertilised controls. Following transfer to surrogate recipients no differences were observed in the frequency of pregnancy; however, ewes receiving caffeine-treated embryos maintained pregnancies for longer periods and delivered a live lamb. Taken together, these results suggest that treatment of ovine oocytes with caffeine can affect gene expression and improve developmental competence. Further studies on the mechanisms behind this alteration of gene expression are required and will aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in nuclear reprogramming. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77:876–887, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
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Situs inversus totalis in a dog with splenic marginal zone lymphoma
Choi, Sooyoung,Kim, Heesu,Lee, Kija,Park, Inchul The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2018 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.41 No.4
An 11-year-old intact male mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation of a splenic mass. On radiographs, the cardiac apex, stomach, and head of the spleen were on the right and the descending colon was on the left of the midline. In addition, the left kidney was located more cranially than the right kidney. Standard two-dimensional echocardiographic images were obtained from each inverted left and right parasternal windows. Furthermore, the spleen was observed on the right side and a splenic mass was found on the splenic tail. Based on the radiographic and ultrasonographic characteristics of the patient, a diagnosis of situs inversus totalis (SIT) and a splenic mass was made, and splenic resection was performed successfully with no unexpected complications. The splenic mass was confirmed histopathologically as being marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). This report describes a dog with SIT and splenic MZL.
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Effects of water deprivation on the pharmacokinetics of metformin in rats
Choi, Young H.,Lee, Inchul,Lee, Myung G. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2007 BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND DRUG DISPOSITION Vol.28 No.7
<P>It was reported that metformin was mainly metabolized via hepatic CYP2C11, 2D1 and 3A1/2 in rats, and in a rat model of dehydration, the expressions of hepatic CYP2C11 and 3A1/2 were not changed. Hence, it could be expected that the Cl<SUB>nr</SUB> of metformin is comparable between two groups of rats if the contribution of CYP2D1 in the rat model of dehydration is not considerable. It was also reported that the timed-interval renal clearance of metformin was dependent on the urine flow rate in rats. In the rat model of dehydration, the 24h urine output was significantly smaller than in the controls. Hence, the urinary excretion of metformin was expected to be smaller than the controls. The above expectations were proven as follows. After intravenous administration of metformin (100mg/kg) to the rat model of dehydration, the Cl<SUB>nr</SUB> were comparable between the two groups of rats. After both intravenous and oral administration of metformin (both 100mg/kg) to the rat model of dehydration, the 24h urinary excretion of the drug was significantly smaller than in the controls. After oral administration of metformin to the rat model of dehydration, the AUC was significantly greater (99.2% increase) than the controls. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
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