Adult invasive pneumococcal disease in the Republic of Korea: Risk medical conditions and mortality stratified by age group

Kim, Jong Hun,Baik, Seung Hee,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Hyo Youl,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Choi, Won Suk,Jo, Yu Mi,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kim, Yeon-Sook,Kim, Jeong Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES Vol.74 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>This study aimed to characterize the risk factors for mortality in adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) stratified by age groups, after implementation of the national immunization program of 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) for those aged ≥65 years in the Republic of Korea (ROK).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Clinical data and pneumococcal isolates from adult patients with IPD (≥18 years of age) were collected prospectively from 20 hospitals through the nationwide surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>A total of 319 patients with IPD were enrolled. Median age was 69 years. Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2%: 17.1% in those aged 18–49 years, 23.7% in those aged 50–64 years, 33.0% in those aged 65–74 years, and 51.0% in those aged ≥75 years (<I>p<</I> 0.001). In particular, early death within 7days of hospitalization accounted for 60.6% (66/109). While old age (≥65 years), higher Pitt bacteremia score (≥4), and bacteremic pneumonia were independently associated with IPD mortality in all age groups, an additional mortality risk factor of immunocompromised status was identified for patients aged 50–64 years. PPSV23 serotypes accounted for 64.4% (122/189) of the pneumococcal isolates serotyped.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study suggests that vaccine-type IPD continues to place a substantial burden on older adults in the ROK, necessitating an effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization of the elderly with the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) was implemented in Korea in 2013. </LI> <LI> Overall in-hospital mortality was 34.2% for adult invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and 51.0% for patients ≥75 years of age. </LI> <LI> Mortality risks were older age, higher bacteremia score, and immunocompromised status. </LI> <LI> An effective vaccination strategy for those at higher risk of IPD is needed. </LI> </UL> </P>

이산화질소 및 아황산 가스에 노출된 흰쥐에 대한 連翹敗毒散과 수종 한약물에 대한 실험적 연구

崔仁和,蔡炳允 慶熙大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are two major air pollutants. As it has been well known, the former plays indispensible role in London type smog incident and the latter is one of major components of photochemical oxidants. In the of industrial toxicology these two noxious gases are classified as irritant gas physiologically. And many reports on the acute and chronic intoxication by these two gases have been filed. Especially,a strong irritating nitrogen dioxide effect on the epithelium of air way tract are the formation or methemoglobin has been known as the main toxic action. Clinically pulmonary edema and congestion are beli-eved to main causes of death. Yongyopaedoksan(연요패독산) has been used in the oriental medical treatment of acute and chrom respiratory diseases, including laryngeal disorders and ocular irritant symptoms such as congestion burning, itching and scratch and so on. In order to investigate the clinical effect of Yongyopaedoksan(연요패독산), Maekmundong(麥門冬) Saengjihwang(生地黃) and Ilhwangyon(日黃連) on the rats exposured to 50ppm SO_2 & NO_2 for 5 hours an experimental study was done on hematologic changes, organ water contents and histopathologic pictures. The experimental groupe are the normal group, control group, S-1 group(oral medication Yongyopaedoksan), S-2 group(oral medication of Maekmundong), S-3 group(oral medication of Saengjihwang) and S-4 group(oral medication of Ilhwangyon). The results were summarized as follows; 1. On the hematologic change in the rats exposured to SO_2 in the Yongyopaedoksan group compared to the control, the increase in the value of hemoglobin & leucocytes was significant. In Maekmundong group, the number of leucocytes & eosinophil ratio were different significantly. In Saengjihwang group, the hematocrit values were increased significantly. 2. On the hematologic change in the rats exposured to NO_2 in the Yongyopaedoksan group compared to the control the hemoglobin hematocrit values and eosinophil ratio were decreased significantly. However the number of leucocytes was increased significantly. In the Maekmundong group, the reduction of hemoglobin & hematocrit values was significant. In the Saengjihwang group, the value of hemoglobin was reduced significantly. In the Ilhwangyon group, the decrease of the eosinophil ratio was significant. 3. On the change of water contents of left lung in the SO_2 exposure group, the Yongyopaedoksan Maekmundong & Saengjihwang group as compared to the control. the reduction was significant. 4. In the laryngeal histopathologic changes of SO_2 exposure group, all the sample groups were admitted of significant difference at congestion & inflammatory infiltrates as compared to the control. The edema of trachea in Saengjihwang & Ilhwangyon group as compared to the control were improved significantly. The congestion & inflammatory infiltrates of trachea ti four sample groups as compared to the control were improved significantly. 5. In the case of NO_2 exposure group, the edema and inflammatory infiltrates of larynx in Ilhwangyon on group as compared to the control were improved significantly. The edema of trachea in Saengjihwang & Ilhwangyon group as compared to the control was improved significantly. And the congestion & inflammatory infiltrates of trachea in all the sample groups as compared to the control were improved significantly.

저신장 어린이에서 Insulin 자극에 대한 성장호르몬과 Cortisol의 반응

김화인,오재화,최두영,김종덕 대한소아내분비학회 1999 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.4 No.2

공군사관생도의 심폐능력에 따른 심리 · 생리요인 비교

김인기(In-ki Kim),김건희(Gun-hee Kim),송성우(Sung-woo Song),최가람(Ga-ram Choi),엄장원(Jang-won Eom),곽재준(Jae-jun Kwak),유영남(Young-nam You),정덕화(Deok-hwa Jeong),강지훈(Ji-hun Kang) 육군사관학교 화랑대연구소 2019 한국군사학논집 Vol.75 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in psychological and physiological factors between groups by classifying groups based on the 3km running record of fourth grade Air Force Academy cadets. Among the top 46 Air Force Academy cadets who wanted to participate in the study, the study conducted an open survey of the top 13 and the bottom 15 who wanted to provide the data prior to the study. The subjects of the experiment and in-depth interview were studied by a total of 18 people, 9 of each upper and lower members who wished to participate in the study. Psychological factors were structured through inductive content analysis of data extracted from in-depth interviews, and physiological factors were conducted to verify differences between groups of body composition and cardiopulmonary function. The psychological factors of the upper and lower groups were found to be general areas of performance strategy, achievement motivation, emotional response, military spirit, situation perception, and basic physical strength. In the detailed areas, the subjects were also examined in 15 areas including physical fitness indicators, confidence, condition control, task orientation, and positive self-perception. As a result of comparison between upper and lower groups, the upper group was 2.2 times higher than the lower group and the lower group was 1.7 times higher than the upper group in the military spirit and performance strategy of the general area response rate. In general area response, the ratio of mental strength and confidence was different in the general area of military spirit. In addition, the upper group in the achievement motivation showed a high percentage of task tendency at 47%, while the lower group showed a high rate of zero motivation at 50%. In the emotional response, the upper group showed an equal ratio, while the lower group showed an 81% ratio of negative emotions. In the overall response by sub-region, the negative emotions of the subgroup were high at 28%. In the body composition, BFM showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and Weight, FFM, and SMM did not show any significant difference between groups. In cardiopulmonary capacity, VO2max showed a statistically significant difference between upper and lower groups, and VE and LT did not show significant differences between groups.

일본직물의 문양에 관한 고찰

이화영,최인려,남윤자 慶熙大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

This treatiese is to provide basic data to contribute to development of our textiles industry by introducing the representing textiles of each times under the studying scope from the ancient times to the Japanese textiles which is culturally neighboring country upon recognition of imporance of the material in fashion. The chronological changes and characteristic style of Japanese textiles are as follows : 1. The origin of textiles in Japan was about 300 years B.C. When the tillage culture was about to begin and the yarn in Jomon(繩文 時代) period was coarse enough which used of bark tress and the faber in Yayoi period(彌生 時代) plan textiles made by cotton fiber now on exhibition. 2. In Aska period(飛鳥 時代) as it was origin of the Japanese art and there were consecutive grid flory pattern, tortoise skin & flower pattern, lion & phoenix pattern's Dokganggeum(獨江錦) 3. In Nare period(奈良 時代) which was golden age in the Japanese history the silk fabric was especially developed and Chinese grass pattern(唐草 文樣) under-tree animal pattern(樹下動物 文樣) and woonkan pattern(量澗 文樣) were the main stream therof. The "lion-tooth pattern silk with speckles"(獅子 齒文 長班錦) of the Seiso-In Hall. 4. In Heian period(平安 時代) the diplomacy with the continent was lessened and the Japanese own culture was formed and the ceremorial costume which emphasized style and color and beauty Some krido of Brocades in Nara period for weaving patterns were "tiger pattern silk under tea tree" of the Seiso-In Hall.

言論의 自由와 Privacy의 權利

朴龍喆,崔仁和 慶北大學校 師範大學 1984 敎育硏究誌 Vol.26 No.-

It is said that the nature of human-being has the figure of Janus. Therefore a human being has a contradictory propensity in his social behaviors; that is, to pursue the unknown world out of curiosity and to take a pleasure for his secrets. In this reason, the freedom of speech and press has been a feud with the right to privacy, and this is why that we are going to investigate the various legal problems of privacy in this paper. Generally, we hope for harmornization the freedom of speech with the right to privacy. Since we like in a so-called information-oriented society, the more the technology of information develops, the more privacy diminishes. Also the rapid progress and monopoly of the mass-media bring about the result of infringing a basic human right, especially the one like the right to privacy, with in curcumstances of Yellow Journalism and Commercial Business. Keeping in mind on the present conditions of freedom of speech and press, In this thesis, I made a survey on five points; (1) The modern circumstances of mass-media and the freedom of speech and press. (2) The concept and legal characters of the right to privacy. (3) Types of privacy torts; 1. Intrusion 2. public disclosure 3 publicity 4 appropriation. (4) Legal protection and vemedies for privacy torts. In conclusion, I thought the concept of the right to privacy in modern welfare state shall be difined in a positive way, precisely the private date subjects to the right to control information about himself. And I suggested the enactment of a privacy act which contains remedies for privacy torts and validities of the right to privacy among individuals.

대인관계 네트워크에서 연결정도와 노인의 신체적 건강 및정신적 건강과의 관련성 연구

채인화(Chae, In-Hwa),최승원(Choi, Sung-Won) 한국노년학회 2017 한국노년학 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 강화도 지역 노인의 신체적, 정신적 건강과 인간관계 크기를 설명해주는 사회연결망 연결 정도가 관련성이 있는지를 분석하여 노년기의 사회적 관계가 지역사회 노인의 건강을 예측할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 연구대상은 강화도 A군에 거주하는 65세 이상 남녀 노인 643명으로, 2011년에서 2012년 까지 실시된 “한국인의 사회적 삶, 건강과 노화에 대한 조사(KSHAP; Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project)” 1년차 자료를 사용하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 통제변인으로 사용한 인구통 계학적 변인 중에서 성별, 소득, 연령은 노인의 신체적 건강과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 남성이 여성보다, 소득이 높을수록, 연령이 낮을수록 신체적 건강이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 인구통계학적 변인 중에서 학력, 소득, 연령은 정신적 건강과 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 학력이 높을수록, 소득이 높을 수록, 연령이 낮을수록 정신적 건강이 더 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 방향이 포함된 사회연결망에서 외향연 결정도와 내향연결정도 모두 노인의 신체적, 정신적 건강을 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 한 개인의 대인관계가 노인의 건강을 예측하는 데 있어 내가 교류한다고 생각하는 사람의 수(외향연결정도) 뿐만 아니라 나와 교류한다고 생각하는 사람의 수(내향연결정도)도 같이 고려할 필요가 있다는 것을 시사하며, 방향에 따른 연결정도의 두 지표가 신체적, 정신적으로 취약할 수 있는 고립된 개인들을 찾아내는데 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 지역사회 노인에 대한 건강 증진 및 복지 차원에서 의미가 있다. The purpose of this study is to see if we can predict the health of seniors of community by analyzing the connection between social network degree and mental and physical health of old people who live in the areas of Gangwha Island. The subjects of the study were men and women aged 65 or over, a total of 643 that resided in Ganghwa A-county. The survey was conducted on Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project from the year 2011 to 2012. Regression analysis was carried out using the data. The analysis results were as follows. First, it showed the relationships between income, gender, age out of demographic variables used as control variable and old persons’physical health. The research results showed that physical health was better in case of the higher incomes, men, and lower age. Second, out of demographic variables, educational background, income, age was shown to correlate with mental health. The research results showed that mental health was better in case of the higher incomes, higher educational background, and lower age. Third, in social network including direction, both out-degree and in-degree were shown to predict old people’s physical and mental health. The results of this study suggest that not only out-degree but also in-degree should be considered in predicting the health of elderly persons by a person s human relationship. Also, two indicators of degree are meaningful in the dimension of health promotion and welfare of the old in that they can be used for finding isolated individuals that can be physically and mentally vulnerable.

Qualitative Analysis of Proteins in Two Snake Venoms, Gloydius Blomhoffii and Agkistrodon Acutus

Su-Jeong Ha,Yeo-Ok Choi,Eun-Bin Kwag,Soo-Dam Kim,Hwa-Seung Yoo,In-Cheol Kang,So-Jung Park 대한약침학회 2022 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.25 No.1

Objectives: Snake venom is a complex mixture of various pharmacologically active substances, such as small proteins, peptides, and organic and mineral components. This paper aims to identify and analyse the proteins in common venomous snakes, such as Gloydius blomhoffii (G. blomhoffii) and Agkistrodon acutus (A. acutus), in Korea. Methods: We used mass spectrometry, electrophoresis, N-terminal sequencing and in-gel digestion to analyse the proteins in these two snake venoms. Results: We identified eight proteins in G. blomhoffii venom and four proteins in A. acutus venom. The proteins detected in G. blomhoffii and A. acutus venoms were phospholipase A2, snake venom metalloproteinase and cysteine-rich secretory protein. Snake C-type lectin (snaclec) was unique to A. acutus venom. Conclusion: These data will contribute to the current knowledge of proteins present in the venoms of viper snakes and provide useful information for investigating their therapeutic potential.

제조업에서의 실시간 Business Intelligence 활용사례 연구

김가회 ( Ga Hoe Kim ),박인경 ( In Kyeong Park ),박진원 ( Jin Won Park ),백헌 ( Heon Baek ),최홍용 ( Hong Yong Choi ),김진화 ( Jin Hwa Kim ) (주)엘지씨엔에스(구 LGCNS 엔트루정보기술연구소) 2014 Entrue Journal of Information Technology Vol.13 No.3

데이터 기반의 기업 의사결정에 대한 의식이 변화하면서 점차 Business Intelligence(BI)가 ERP와 같은 기본 솔루션으로 인식되고 있다. 제조업에서는 BI와 핵심 정보시스템인 ERP, CRM, SCM등이 연계된 통합구축사례가 늘어나고 있으며 기업간 경쟁력 우위 요소로 BI 솔루션을 활용하고자 하는 움직임이 활발하다. 인메모리DB 기술의 발달로 대용량 데이터의 실시간에 가깝게 빠른 처리가 가능해 짐에 따라 다양한 소스를 통해 수집된 데이터를 실시간으로 분석하고, 웹 및 모바일을 통해 신속한 전달이 가능해져 비즈니스 효율성 증대로 이어질 전망이다. 본 연구에서는 제조업 분야에 실시간 BI를 도입 및 활용 사례 연구를 통하여, 실시간 BI구축시의 방법론 및 실시간 BI 주제 선정, 구축과정을 제시하였다. 또한, 실제 구축 후의 성과를 제시하고, 더 나아가 실시간으로 월말 결산시의 매출 및 손익을 예측해 보는 손익 예측모형을 Pilot으로 검증 함으로써, 기업에서 실시간 BI 도입으로 가능한 분석업무의 확대 방향성을 제시하였다. Since the change of the enterprise decision making based on the data has been growing, BI(Business Intelligence) has been recognized as the fundamental solution such as ERP. The business cases of implementing BI integrated with systems related to core information systems such as ERP, CRM and SCM have been increased among manufacturing companies. The active trend is to recognize BI solutions as the element of competitive advantage for companies. Due to the growth of in-memory database technology, it is possible to do faster processing of big data in near real-time and to analyze the collected data from various sources in real-time. It enables that the data can be efficiently accessable by the web and mobile devices. Therefore, it is expected that the level of business efficiency will be increased into higher level. This research conducts the case study to adopt a realtime BI in manufacturing industry. It describes the methodology, subject selection in real-time BI and its building process. This study also shows the result of building BI and proves a profit and loss predictive model in generating the expected revenues, profits, and losses during monthly accounting period in real-time basis with a pilot project.

The Effect of Parental Imprinting on the INS - IGF2 Locus of Korean Type I Diabetic Patients

(Heung Sik Kim),(Dong Wook Lee),(Sang Jun Lee),(Bo Hwa Choi),(Sung Ik Chang),(Hyun Dae Yoon),(In Kyu Lee) 대한내과학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.16 No.4

N/A Background: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Susceptibility to IDDM appears to depend on more than one genetic locus. Evidence of a genetic linkage for IDDM2 was found in male meioses from French and North American populations. It is linked to maternal imprinting (i.e. monoalleleic expression of the insulin gene) that is considered the most likely cause of these gender-related differences. IGF2 is expressed only in the paternal allele and therefore, is considered a candidate gene for IDDM2 transmission because of its important autocrine/paracrine effects on the thymus, lymphocytes and pancreas. Nevertheless, it remains controversial whether the parental origin of IDDM2 influences IDDM susceptibility. Methods: Using PCR and semi-quantitative RT-PCR, we analyzed the INS/PstI+1127 and IGF2/ApaIpolymorphisms and RNA expression level between PstI (+/-) and PstI (+/+) to determine genotype and allele-specific expression of the INS and IGF2 genes. Results : INS/PstI(+/+) and IGF2/ApaI(+/-) were observed in 36 (97.3%) of 37 IDDM patients and in 29 (72.5%) of 40 IDDM patients, respectively. The presence of both IGF2 alleles in RNA was observed in 21 (91.6%) of 24 IDDM patients. Our results show a 3-fold increase in RNA expression from PstI (+/-) allele over PstI (+/+) allele. Conclusion: Our conclusion does not entirely exclude IGF2 as the gene involved in IDDM2, even though the parental effect of IDDM2 transmission is not related to IGF2 maternal imprinting. The INS genotype appeared mostly in the PstI (+/+) homozygote and, therefore, we could not explain the INS imprinting pattern in Korean type 1 diabetic patients. Genetic differences between populations may account for the discrepancy between Korean type I diabetic patients and American or French type I diabetic patients.