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해도분석을 통한 낙동강 하구 사주 면적의 시ㆍ공간 변화
유창일(CHANG-ILL YOO),윤한삼(HAN-SAM YOON),류청로(CHEONG-RO RYU),이인철(IN-CHEOL LEE) 한국해양공학회 2006 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.20 No.6
This study discusses characteristic of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in the Nakdong estuarine for the last century, focusing on geomorphologic evolution and mobility of sand barriers in the view of coastal engineering. The Nakdong estuarine, the research subject, has a complexly changing natural environment by interaction between ground and marine elements such as ocean wave, tidal current, sediment, etc. Moreover, recently, unnatural geomorphologic changes (e.g., seaside reclamation, new harbor construction, etc.) has been radically increased in this area with increasing desire for coastal development. Because of this, its sand barrier has developed quite unstable condition. Therefore, to identify the development process of geomorphologic changes in this area, required is a close examination on historical characteristics of spatiotemporal changes of the sand barrier in relation to surrounding seaside reclamation and physical environmental changes. This study, based on the marine charts published in between 1927 and 1995 year, analyzes the length and area of the sand barrier for the last hundred years, and investigates the cause of the changes by looking into the change of water depth for the last two years and doing ocean-physical site observations. In conclusion, the sand barrier of the Nakdong estuarine expands toward the open sea by 7.4~26 m in annual average, maintaining a fixed distance of 1,241~1.279 m, and its area is expected to increase about 2.8 k㎡ annually. This is characterized by the wocean wave from the open sea and the discharge of Nakdong River.
만성 두부외상 환자에서 99mTc - HMPAO Brain SPECT의 임상적 유용성
서정호(Jung Ho Suh),김동익(Dong Ik Kim),정태섭(Tae Sub Chung),이종두(Jong Doo Lee),박창윤(Chang Yoon Park),정진일(Jin Ill Chung),김영수(Young Soo Kim) 대한핵의학회 1992 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.26 No.1
N/A Minima1 deterioration of cerebral perfusion or microanatomical changes were undetectable on conventional Brain CT or MRI. So evaluation of focal functional changes of the brain parenchyme is essential in chronic head injury patients, who did not show focal anatomical changes on these radiological studies. However, the patients who had longstanding neurologic sequelae following head injury, there had been no available imaging modalities for evaluating these patients precisely. Therefore we tried to detect the focal functional changes on the brain parenchyme using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT on the patients of chronic head injuries. Twenty three patients who had suffered from headache, memory dysfunction, personality change and insomnia lasting more than six months following head injury were included in our cases, which showed no anatomical abnormalities on Brain CT or MRI. At first they underwent psychological test whether the symptoms were organic or not. Also we were able to evaluate the cerebral perfusion changes with Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in 22 patients among the 23, which five patients were focal and 17 patients were nonfocally diffuse perfusion changes. Thus we can predict the perfusion changes such as local vascular deterioration or functional defects using Tc-99m-HMPAO Brain SPECT in the patients who had suffered from post-traumatic sequelae, which changes were undetectable on Brain CT or MRI.
침적형 생물막 반응기와 모래여과지를 이용한 하 . 폐수처리
이해일,부경민,최명원,김창원 ( Hae Ill Lee,Kyung Min Bou,Myung Won Choi,Chang Won Kim ) 한국물환경학회 1998 한국물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Submerged Aerobic Biofilm Reactor(SABR) with series was investigated for wastewater treatment of the Pusan Janglim wastewater plants. SABR has obtained high SS removal efficiency which also showed flexible to load change. SABR has gained avg. organic removal rate 12.2gSCOD/㎡·d (1.4㎏TCOD/㎥·d) in stage 1+2. Nitrification was mainly accomplished at stage 1, 2 in that nitrification rate was avg. 2.6gNH₄-N/ ㎡·d (0.2㎏NH₄-N/㎥·d). This system also sustained high VSS conc. 14,111㎎VSS/l (about 177gVSS/㎡·d) in stage 1, as a results, substrate(ogranics, ammonia)removal was completed in stage 1, 2. There was also observed that nitrification rate was influenced by pH change. Those results suggest that SABR combined sand filter applicable in small-scale treatment plants without secondary clarifier.
김재홍,임만빈,이창영,김일만,Kim, Jae Hong,Yim, Man Bin,Lee, Chang Young,Kim, Ill Man 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.3
Objective : Surgical experiences of pseudoaneurysms such as traumatic, mycotic and ill-defined unknown causes of aneurysms are rare. The authors have studied the results of surgical management from such cases in our series. Patients and Method : In the last 17 years, 1320 patients with cerebrovascular aneurysms were managed surgically. Among these, 16 patients showed the pseudoaneurysms. The authors analyzed retrospectively the clinical characteristics, treatment methods, management outcomes and problems in the managements. Results : There were 6 patients with traumatic aneurysm, 4 mycotic aneurysms and 6 ill-defined unknown causes of aneurysm. The sites of traumatic aneurysms were cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery(n=3), distal portion of the anterior cerebral artery (n=2) and vertebral artery(VA : n=1). Good outcomes in 5 cases could be obtained by extracranial - intracranial bypass followed by parent vessel occlusion or resection of aneurysm followed by re-anastomosis of parent vessel. The sites of mycotic aneurysm were peripheral portions of middle cerebral artery(MCA : n=3) and posterior cerebral artery(PCA : n=1). The outcomes of the patients with a mycotic aneurysm were relatively poor. It was partially due to the development of new aneurysm after treatment in one. The sites of ill-defined unknown causes of aneurysm were extracranial carotid artery(n=3), V2 portion of the VA(n=1), peripheral portion of the PCA (n=1) and MCA(n=1). Good outcome in all cases could be obtained by resection of aneurysm with or without saphenous vein graft. Conclusion : For the treatments of cerebrovascular pseudoaneurysm, combinations of aggressive medical, endovascular and surgical managements seem mandatory. Insertion of stent for a extracranial carotid artery aneurysm and coiling for a peripheral mycotic aneurysm can be option in future.
제올라이트 여재의 암모니아성 질소 이온교환 능력에 따른 ZBAF의 질산화 효율 비교
김진수 ( Jin-su Kim ),최승규 ( Seung-kyu Choi ),주천 ( Qian Zhu ),신관우 ( Gwan-woo Shin ),양창환 ( Chang-hwan Yang ),원경자 ( Kyoung-ja Weon ),이상일 ( Sang-ill Lee ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2020 한국수처리학회지 Vol.28 No.2
This study was conducted to investigate nitrification by measuring the ammonia nitrogen adsorption ability of zeolite media. Zeolite adsorbs ammonia nitrogen through cation exchange. When zeolite is used as the filteration media in biological aerated filters (BAF), nitrifying bacteria can be easily attached. Using two types of zeolite that have different calcination temperatures, it was confirmed differences in nitrification rate relative to the ammonium ions exchange capacity of the zeolite media. The strength of the zeolite media was higher as calcination temperature was higher, while BET specific surface area was decreased. The ammonia nitrogen adsorption of the zeolite media at 600℃ was higher than at 900℃, but nitrification rates were similar when either media was used for the zeolite biological aerated filter (ZBAF). During the entire operation period, the 600℃ zeolite had an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 0.31 kg/m<sup>3</sup>/d, and the 900℃ zeolite media had a rate of 0.28 kg/m<sup>3</sup>/d (p>0.05). When the influent was held on shutdown for a month and processing began again, the nitrification rate of the ZBAFs showed a similar amount of NO<sub>x</sub>-N (sum of the concentration of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen) production within two days of reoperation that was similar to the rate before shutdown. The effect of water temperature had little effect on rate. Ammonia nitrogen removal by ZBAFs was maintained in water temperatures as low as 5℃. However, the ammonia nitrogen removal and nitrification rate were decreased in 600℃ zeolite media after 3 months of operation because media’s morphology changed.
프로스타글란딘 유도체의 합성과 그의 생물학적 활성에 관한 연구 2. 위궤양과 위산분비에 대한 프로스타글란딘 유도체의 효과
조태순(Tai Soon Cho),이선미(Sun Mee Lee),함원훈(Won Hun Ham),이병무(Byung Mu Lee),김경례(Kyoung Rae Kim),지상철(Sang Cheol Chi),고준일(Jun Ill Ko),박인(In Park),오창영(Chang Young Oh),박호군(Ho Koon Park),김형자(Hyoung Ja Kim),이향우(H 한국응용약물학회 1995 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.3 No.1
The antiulcer effects of newly synthesized prostaglandin derivatives were investigated in various experimental ulcer models and on gastric secretion in rats. HK-3 and HK-4, PGE₂ derivatives, prevented the formation of acute gastric ulcer induced by ethanol or aspirin in pylorus-ligated rats. The ulcer formation was moderately inhibited by HK-1 and HK-2, PGF_(2α) derivatives, and aggravated by SK-1, SK-2 and SK-3, PGF_(2α) derivatives. HK-3 and HK-4 reduced the volume, acid output and pepsin output of gastric juice in pylorus-ligated rats. The gastric perfusion with physiologic saline(pH 6.0) showed relatively constant acid secretion and indomethacin increased the acid secretion. The acid secretion was markedly decreased by PGE₂ but PGF_(2α) caused little change. Prostaglandin derivatives, especially HK-3 and HK-4, significantly inhibited the acid secretion induced by indomethacin. The results show that, PGE₂ derivatives, HK-3 and HK-4, inhibit acid secretion and also have protective effects on gastric ulceration induced by ethanol or aspirin.
A STUDY ON PREDICTIVE SYSTEM FOR GMA WELDING PROCESS USING MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Ill-Soo Kim(김일수),Chang-Eun Park(박창언),Chang-Woo Lee(이창우) 대한기계학회 2001 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2001 No.9
This paper represents development of a predictive system for prediction of bead geometry in order to employ a robotic GMA(Gas Metal Arc) welding process. To achieve this purpose, bead-on-plate welds using the GMA welding process were fabricated in 12mm mild steel plates employed four different process variables. Experimental results has been designed to investigate the analytical formulae, and develop mathematical equations for understanding the relationship between process parameters and bead geometry. The relationships can be usefully employed not only for open loop process control, but also for adaptive control provided that dynamic sensing of process output is performed.
Jang Won Young,정우진,장병국,황재석,이헌주,Hwang Moon Joo,Kweon Young Oh,Tak Won Young,Park Soo Young,Lee Su Hyun,Lee Chang Hyeong,Kim Byung Seok,Kim Si Hye,Suh Jeong Ill,Park Jun Gi 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.29
Background: Liver cirrhosis has become a heavy burden not only for patients, but also for our society. However, little is known about the recent changes in clinical outcomes and characteristics of patients with cirrhosis-related complications in Korea. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate changes in characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis in Daegu-Gyeongbuk province in Korea over the past 15 years. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 15,716 liver cirrhotic patients from 5 university hospitals in Daegu-Gyeongbuk province from 2000 to 2014. The Korean Standard Classification of Diseases-6 code associated with cirrhosis was investigated through medical records and classified according to the year of first visit. Results: A total of 15,716 patients was diagnosed with cirrhosis. A number of patients newly diagnosed with cirrhosis has decreased each year. In 2000, patients were most likely to be diagnosed with hepatitis B virus (HBV) cirrhosis, followed by alcoholic cirrhosis. There was a significant decrease in HBV (P < 0.001), but alcohol, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) showed a significant increase during the study period (alcohol, P = 0.036; HCV, P = 0.001; NAFLD, P = 0.001). At the time of initial diagnosis, the ratio of Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A gradually increased from 23.1% to 32.9% (P < 0.001). The most common cause of liver-related hospitalization in 2000 was hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (25.5%); in 2014, gastrointestinal bleeding with esophageal and gastric varices (21.4%) was the most common cause. Cases of hospitalization with liver-related complication represented 76.4% of all cases in 2000 but 70.9% in 2014. Incidence rate of HCC has recently increased. In addition, HCC-free survival was significantly lower in CTP class A than in classes B and C. Finally, there was significant difference in HCC occurrence according to causes (P < 0.001). HBV and HCV cirrhosis had lower HCC-free survival than alcoholic and NAFLD cirrhosis. Conclusion: In recent years, the overall number of cirrhosis patients has decreased. This study confirmed the recent trend in decrease of cirrhosis, especially of cirrhosis due to HBV, and the increase of HCV, alcoholic and NAFLD cirrhosis. Targeted screening for at-risk patients will facilitate early detection of liver diseases allowing effective intervention and may have decreased the development of cirrhosis and its complications.