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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Ikuo Kobayashi (검색결과 8 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
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Daiji Konno,Masanobu Takahashi,Ikuo Osaka,Takenori Orihashi,Kiyotaka Sakai,Kenji Sera,Yoshiaki Obara,Yasuo Kobayashi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.11
Objective: To evaluate soy sauce oil (a by-product of making whole soybean soy sauce) as a new dietary lipid source, a large amount of soy sauce oil was administered into the rumen of dairy cows. Methods: Four Holstein dairy cows fitted with rumen cannulae were used in a 56-day experiment. Ruminal administration of soy sauce oil (1 kg/d) was carried out for 42 days from day 8 to day 49 to monitor nutritional, physiological and production responses. Results: Dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by soy sauce oil administration, whereas 4% fat-corrected milk yield and the percentage of milk fat decreased. Although ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and the proportion of individual VFA were partially affected by administration of soy sauce oil, values were within normal ranges, showing no apparent inhibition in rumen fermentation. Administration of soy sauce oil decreased the proportions of milk fatty acids with a carbon chain length of less than 18, and increased the proportions of stearic, oleic, vaccenic and conjugated linoleic acids. Conjugated linoleic acid content in milk became 5.9 to 8.8 times higher with soy sauce oil administration. Blood serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, esterified cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid increased with administration of soy sauce oil, suggesting a higher energy status of the experimental cows. Conclusion: The results suggest that soy sauce oil could be a useful supplement to potentially improve milk functionality without adverse effects on ruminal fermentation and animal health. More detailed analysis is necessary to optimize the supplementation level of this new lipid source in feeding trials.
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Ishigaki, Genki,Nitthaisong, Pattama,Prasojo, Yogi Sidik,Kobayashi, Ikuo,Fukuyama, Kiichi,Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur,Akashi, Ryo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.5
Objective: The preference evaluation of cattle is an important factor for estimation and improvement of the grazing amounts of newly introduced or bred grasses or cultivars in barn. This study was performed to assess the grazing behavior (the amount of grazing and/or the grazing speed) of cattle as indirect method using newly bred Brachiaria ruziziensis tetraploid strain 'OKI-1'(BR) hay as treatment group and Cloris gayana 'Callide' (CG) hay as control group. It also compared the feasibility of using behavioral differences between two groups as one criteria for evaluating preference by Japanese black cattle in barn. Methods: Three experiments were carried out using 12 growing Japanese Black cattle including 6 males and 6 females. In each experiment, the four Japanese Black cattle (2 males and 2 females) were placed in separated stall and allowed to graze BR and CG in manger that was separated into two portions for about 30 min. The position and behavior of the cattle were recorded, and weighed the residual of each gay at 15 and 30 minutes after experiment start. Results: The BR was superior to CG in chemical composition such as protein, fibers and non-fibrous carbohydrate. The cattle, over all, tended to prefer BR over CG in the first half 15 minutes in terms of the time spent and amount of grazing. Additionally, growing cattle exhibited neophilia for BR bred newly. Conclusion: These findings indicated the current approach could be applied for one of criteria to evaluate the preference of hay by Japanese black cattle under indoor housing environment.
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Konno, Daiji,Takahashi, Masanobu,Osaka, Ikuo,Orihashi, Takenori,Sakai, Kiyotaka,Sera, Kenji,Obara, Yoshiaki,Kobayashi, Yasuo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.1
Objective: Soy sauce oil, a byproduct of whole soybean processing by the soy sauce industry, was evaluated as a source of linoleic acid for dairy cows for the purpose of manipulating the composition of milk. Methods: Eight dairy Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used for ruminal administration of soy sauce oil for a 28-day period using a 4×4 Latin square study design with 4 doses (0, 200, 400, and 600 g soy sauce oil/d). Results: Although dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by soy sauce oil administration, ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids and acetate were decreased, specifically at 600 g/d administration. While milk fat percentage was decreased with administration of soy sauce oil, proportions of linoleic, vaccenic and conjugated linoleic acids in the rumen, blood and milk were increased with increasing soy sauce oil dose. Conclusion: These results suggest that soy sauce oil feeding could be useful for improving milk functionality without adverse effects on animal production performance when fed at less than 400 g/d.
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( Isamu Norimatsu ),( Fuminori Hirosue ),( Shigeo Kobayashi ),( Ikuo Fujii ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1
Establishing new disposal sites, as an alternative for the old ones with the life-long remained short, is often troublesome with local residents. Obstacles in eco-living and business activities are not always easily overcome. Due to recent unreliable feeling of people on the safety of disposal sites, it is urgently required to develop technology for better disposal sites in order to ensure their permanent safety. During construction of a disposal site with utilizing water-proof sheets, below the sheet, the exposed soil is mixed with pulverized blast-furnace slag and bentonite, then left for hardening to serve as a water-proof soil layer, which can stop propagating contamination to the outside environment. Such a new technology for highly safety disposal sites has been developed and proven.
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Tomonori Nakanishi,Tadaaki Tokunaga,Takafumi Ishida,Ikuo Kobayashi,Yuta Katahama,Azusa Yano,Laurie Erickson,Satoshi Kawahara 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.4
Objective: Autophagy is a bulk degradation system for intracellular proteins which contributes to skeletal muscle homeostasis, according to previous studies in humans and rodents. However, there is a lack of information on the physiological role of autophagy in the skeletal muscle of meat animals. This study was planned as a pilot study to investigate changes in expression of two major autophagy-related genes, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3β (MAP1LC3B) and autophagy related 7 (ATG7) in fattening beef cattle, and to compare them with skeletal muscle growth. Methods: Six castrated Japanese Black cattle (initial body weight: 503±20 kg) were enrolled in this study and fattened for 7 months. Three skeletal muscles, M. longissimus, M. gluteus medius, and M. semimembranosus, were collected by needle biopsy three times during the observation period, and mRNA levels of MAP1LC3B and ATG7 were determined by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of genes associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system, another proteolytic mechanism, were also analyzed for comparison with autophagy-related genes. In addition, ultrasonic scanning was repeatedly performed to measure M. longissimus area as an index of muscle growth. Results: Our results showed that both MAP1LC3B and ATG7 expression increased over the observation period in all three skeletal muscles. Interestingly, the increase in expression of these two genes in M. longissimus was highly correlated with ultrasonic M. longissimus area and body weight. On the other hand, the expression of genes associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system was unchanged during the same period. Conclusion: These findings suggest that autophagy plays an important role in the growth of skeletal muscle of fattening beef cattle and imply that autophagic activity affects meat productivity.
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매립지에서 벤토나이트와 blast-furnace 슬래그 혼합물에 의한 점토성 불투수층에 관한 구조물의 입증실험
( Isamu Norimatsu ),( Fuminori Hirosue ),( Shigeo Kobayashi ),( Ikuo Fujii ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.2
수명이 얼마 남지 않은 구 매립지의 대안으로, 새로운 매립지를 설치하는 것은 종종 지역 주민들과 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 환경 생태나 업무 활동에서 장애물이 항상 쉽게 극복되는 것은 아니다. 매립지의 안전성에 대한 사람들의 불신에서 기인하기 때문에, 영구적인 안전성이 보장되기 위한 더 나은 매립지에서의 발달된 기술이 시급하다. 차수층을 활용하는 매립지를 건설한 때, 차수층 아래에, 노출된 토양은 분쇄된 blast-furnace 슬래그와 벤토나이트를 혼합한 것으로 환경에 오염물질이 노출되지 않도록 차수층으로써 역할을 하도록 경화시키기 위해 놓아둔다. 이처럼 매립지에는 고도로 안전한 새로운 기술이 개발되고 입증되고 있다. Establishing new disposal sites, as an alternative for the old ones with the life-long remained short, is often troublesome with local residents. Obstacles in eco-living and business activities are not always easily overcome. Due to recent unreliable feeling of people on the safety of disposal sites, it is urgently required to develop technology for better disposal sites in order to ensure their permanent safety. During construction of a disposal site with utilizing water-proof sheets, below the sheet, the exposed soil is mixed with pulverized blast-furnace slag and bentonite, then left for hardening to serve as a water-proof soil layer, which can stop propagating contamination to the outside environment. Such a new technology for highly safety disposal sites has been developed and proven.
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Okazaki, Tohru,Hayashi, Hiroaki,Takegami, Kazuki,Okino, Hiroki,Kimoto, Natsumi,Maehata, Itsumi,Kobayashi, Ikuo The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.3
Background: In order to manage the patient exposure dose in X-ray diagnosis, it is preferred to evaluate the entrance skin dose; although there are some evaluations about entrance skin dose, a small number of report has been published for direct measurement of patient. We think that a small-type optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter, named nanoDot, can achieve a direct measurement. For evaluations, the corrections of angular and energy dependences play an important role. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the angular and the energy dependences of nanoDot. Materials and Methods: We used commercially available X-ray diagnostic equipment. For angular dependence measurement, a relative response of every 15 degrees of nanoDot was measured in 40-140 kV X-ray. And for energy dependence measurement, mono-energetic characteristic X-rays were generated using several materials by irradiating the diagnostic X-rays, and the nanoDot was irradiated by the characteristic X-rays. We evaluated the measured response in an energy range of 8.1-75.5 keV. In addition, we performed Monte-Carlo simulation to compare experimental results. Results and Discussion: The experimental results were in good agreement with those of Monte-Carlo simulation. The angular dependence of nanoDot was almost steady with the response of 0 degrees except for 90 and 270 degrees. Furthermore, we found that difference of the response of nanoDot, where the nanoDot was irradiated from the randomly set directions, was estimated to be at most 5%. On the other hand, the response of nanoDot varies with the energy of incident X-rays; slightly increased to 20 keV and gradually decreased to 80 keV. These results are valuable to perform the precise evaluation of entrance skin dose with nanoDot in X-ray diagnosis. Conclusion: The influence of angular dependence and energy dependence in X-ray diagnosis is not so large, and the nanoDot OSL dosimeter is considered to be suitable dosimeter for direct measurement of entrance surface dose of patient.
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