청말(淸末) 악서북(鄂西北)지역 비밀결사의 요언(謠言) 유포와 교안(敎案)

金賢善 ( Kim¸ Hyunsun ) 중국사학회 2021 中國史硏究 Vol.- No.134

This paper aims to investigate the creation and spread of rumors and fake news through the Anti-Church Cases occurred in the mountainous region of Hubei Province. In addition, it deals with the control methods respectively adopted by central governments and local authorities during the times of outbreaks and disseminations. The epidemic has broken out in the north area of Hubei province in the summer of 1892. At that moment, Chinese government didn't take any effective measures regarding proper medical assistance, active control and prevention. The epidemic seriously harmed people's lives and health, and people were extremely anxious psychologically. It was rumored that it was missionary of Catholicism who bribed people to poison the well water. The rumor spread rapidly, Catholicism became the target on which people vented their fears and anxiety. People burned and robbed the believer house and church in Xiangyang and Gucheng. The secret society was the secret manipulator behind the Anti-Christian case. They were spreading rumors, burning and robbing the believer, to besieging the church, they were all active organizers and participants in the Gucheng·Xiangyang Anti-Christian case. The government was afraid of causing interference between China and foreign countries on one hand, and afraid of evoking mass uprising on the other hand. So, the government sought social stability by suppressing them, and tried to mediate with believers.

19세기 양호(兩湖)지역 콜레라의 유입과 토착화

金賢善 ( Kim¸ Hyunsun ) 명청사학회 2021 명청사연구 Vol.- No.55

The COVID-19 began in 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. COVID-19 spread all over the world and threatened many people. Many scientists expect the virus that causes COVID-19 to become endemic and causes continuous epidemics, which is giving people fear and huge stress. At the same time, racism and hatred are occurring all over the world towards Asian people as a result of such a fear. However, in the nineteenth century the exact opposite happened, when Cholera first spread from India to other parts of the globe in 1817 and reaching Hubei and Hunan Provinces in 1820. In this regard, the aim of this study was to investigate the influx of Cholera in the Hubei and Hunan Provinces during the nineteenth century. Furthermore, this article tried to examine the course of cholera becoming endemic in the Hubei and Hunan Provinces. Cholera widely spread into the China in the years of 1820s. At that time, an epidemic broke out in the Mountainous areas of Hunan Province, which according to the baojingxian(保靖縣) gazetteers was called "mazuwen(麻足瘟)", its name which indicates symptoms known with Cholera infection, such as muscle cramps due to rapid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. At that time, Guangdong(廣東) Province was an important area for the spread of Cholera. The Cholera imported into China in 1820s, widely spread into Hunan province through the trade routes with the Guangdong Province, which increased the chances of contact and the routes of transmission of the disease. In 1832, an epidemic occurred in the Hubei and Hunan Provinces, which based on its link to the trade routes, its high death rate, and its waterborne nature, it is highly probable to have been the Cholera. The frequent floods have provided a favorable environment for Cholera to spread. Since then, Cholera became more prevalent in the Hubei and Hunan Provinces and remained. The prelude to a new epidemic era had opened. Studying the Cholera inflows will improve the understanding of Chinese cholera history. By examining the history of infectious diseases, we gain a better understanding of not only today's Corona crisis but also any future pandemic that might arise. At the same time, the understanding that the Hubei and Hunan Provinces were themselves once victims of infectious diseases inflows would allow for a more unbiased perspective towards the current outbreak, which could hopefully help reducing a racism and hatred that has been triggered and spreading ever since.

Color Guidelines for Integrating Lake View into Detached Single Family House Complex - Focused on Uiwang Baekun Valley

Hyunsun Kim 한국색채학회 2017 AIC 2017 Jeju Vol.2017 No.10

City Color Guidelines in Korea generally center around apartment complex designs. However, as the construction company’s own color theme determines the overall color schema of the complex, it is difficult to make it a city’s unique feature. For detached houses, plots are sold individually and the exterior materials are determined by the building owner. Under these circumstances, detached houses in Korea have little landscape value and aesthetic points. Recently, small villages have begun playing an active role in developing detached house complexes. This research is conducted to develop a colorful scenery incorporating Baekun Lake View. It used the colors of the surrounding natural environment for its color guidelines. With a mixture of contrasts and harmonies between the main colors of Baekun Lake, P and PB, this research is conducted to make a detached house complex that is well-suited for new high class town. This color guideline is used for the review of construction and has legally binding force.

Multiplexed bead-based immunoassay of four serum biomarkers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer

KIM, YONG-WAN,BAE, SU MI,KIM, IN-WOOK,LIU, HAI-BO,BANG, HYO JOO,CHATURVEDI, PANKAJ KUMAR,BATTOGTOKH, GANTUMUR,LIM, HYUNSUN,AHN, WOONG SHICK Spandidos Publications 2012 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.28 No.2

<P>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate multiplex liquid assay-based measurement of multiple ovarian cancer-associated biomarkers such as hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E, together with CA125, which has been widely used in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, in order to provide a higher diagnostic power. We measured the serum levels of CA125, hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E from the serum of 76 healthy individuals and 69 ovarian cancer patients using a multiplex liquid assay system, Luminex 100. The results were analyzed according to normal versus ovarian cancer, tumor stages and tumor histology. In addition, to validate the use of these biomarkers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, the sensitivity and specificity of each biomarker was analyzed by its receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The serum levels of all four biomarkers in ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher than those of healthy individuals. When CA125 was combined with the biomarkers, the overall sensitivity and specificity were significantly improved in the ROC curve, which showed 95 and 75% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. At 95% specificity for all stages the sensitivity increased to 75% compared to 41% for CA125 alone. For stage I+II increased the sensitivity to 68% from 36% for CA125 alone. For stage III+IV the corresponding values were 100 and 95%, respectively. Taken together, the new combination of hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E with CA125 significantly improved both the sensitivity and the specificity of ovarian cancer diagnosis compared with those of individual biomarkers. These findings suggest the benefit of the combination of these markers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.</P>

Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Eculizumab in Patients With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and High Disease Burden: Real-World Data From Korea

Kim Jin Seok,Jang Jun Ho,Jo Deog-Yeon,Ahn Seo-Yeon,Yoon Sung-Soo,Lee Je-Hwan,Kim Sung-Hyun,Choi Chul Won,Shin Ho-Jin,Kim Min-Kyoung,Lee Jae Hoon,Mun Yeung-Chul,Kong Jee Hyun,Hyun BokJin,Nam HyunSun,Ki 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.41

Background: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare hematologic disorder characterized by uncontrolled terminal complement activation. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody C5 inhibitor was introduced in Korea in 2009 and has been the standard treatment option for PNH. Methods: This study assessed the long-term efficacy/safety of eculizumab in PNH using real-world data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Eighty patients who initiated eculizumab from 2009–2020 were enrolled. Results: At eculizumab initiation, the median age was 51.5 years, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 6.8 × upper limit of normal, and granulocyte clone size 93.0%. All patients had at least one PNH-related complication before eculizumab initiation, including renal failure (n = 36), smooth muscle spasm (n = 24), thromboembolism (n = 20), and pulmonary hypertension (n = 15). The median (range) duration of eculizumab treatment was 52.7 (1.0, 127.3) months (338.6 total treated patient-years). Despite high disease activity in the study population before treatment initiation, overall survival was 96.2% and LDH levels were stabilized in most patients during treatment. PNH-related complications at treatment initiation were resolved in 44.4% of patients with renal failure, 95.8% with smooth muscle spasm, 70.0% with thromboembolism, and 26.7% with pulmonary hypertension. Extravascular hemolysis occurred in 28.8% of patients (n = 23; 0.09 per patient-year) and breakthrough hemolysis in 18.8% (n = 15; 0.06 per patient-year). No treatment discontinuation cases related to eculizumab were observed. Conclusion: These data provided evidence for the long-term efficacy and safety of eculizumab in Korean PNH patients with high disease burdens.

Panaxynone A, a New Inhibitor of Acyl-CoA : Cholesterol Acyltransferase from the roots of Panax ginseng

Kim YoungKook,Lee SeungWoong,Ko JeongSuk,Chung MiYeon,Chang KyuTae,Kim YoungHo,Rho MunChual,Lee HyunSun 大韓藥學會 2001 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2001 No.2

A PNA microarray platform for miRNA expression profiling using on-chip labeling technology

Hyunsun Kim,최재진,Minhye Cho,박희경 한국바이오칩학회 2012 BioChip Journal Vol.6 No.1

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in development, metabolism and other fundamental biological processes, and are also important in diseases such as cancer. To study miRNA expression levels in a systematic and parallel manner, we have developed a highly sensitive, specific and reproducible microarray for miRNA expression profiling using the Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNA) probes which have higher affinity and greater specificity for binding to RNA than do DNA probes. We developed a PNA microarray assay that optimizes PNA probe, hybridization conditions, and on-PNA chip labeling method. In this PANArrayTM miRNA method, unlabeled RNA is hybridized to the PNA microarray and labeled by enzymatic ligation of pCp-Cy3 on the chip. This assay showed high reproducibility and low cross-hybridization for miRNAs belonging to the let-7 family and the miR-181 family, which differ by a single nucleotide. The PNA microarray (PANArrayTM miRNA) is a rapid throughput technology for analyzing expression profiles with high fidelity, and could prove to be a powerful tool for cancer research, diagnosis and prognosic assessment.

Numerical simulation on edge localized mode control capability of resonant magnetic perturbation in the KSTAR tokamak

Kim, Doohyun,Han, Hyunsun,Kim, Ki Min,Park, Jong Kyu,Jeon, Young Mu,Na, Yong-Su,Hong, Sang Hee Published jointly by The Institute of Physics and 2010 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.52 No.9

<P>Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the applicability of resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) to KSTAR plasmas for a possible control of edge localized mode (ELM) to suppress or mitigate its damages to divertor materials. For the verification of the feasibility of RMP application, magnetic island configurations, resonant normal fields, magnetic island widths and Chirikov parameters are calculated for two types of KSTAR operation scenarios: steady state and hybrid. Field error correction (FEC) coils in KSTAR are considered to produce externally perturbed magnetic fields for RMP, and the directions of coil currents determine the toroidal mode <I>n</I> and the parity (even or odd). The RMP configurations are described by vacuum superposition of the equilibrium magnetic fields and the perturbed ones induced by FEC coils. The numerical simulations for <I>n</I> = 2 toroidal mode in both operation scenarios show that when the pitches of the equilibrium and perturbed magnetic fields are well aligned, magnetic islands are formed for a series of <I>m</I> poloidal modes and the adjacent islands are overlapped to generate a stochastic layer in the edge region. Even parity turns out to be more effective in making the magnetic islands overlapped to become stochastic field lines in the steady-state operation, while odd parity in the hybrid operation. The formation of the stochastic layer is verified by the calculated Chirikov parameters, which also give basic information on the current requirement of FEC coils. Additionally, lobe structures of stochastic field lines are found in the edge region extended to the divertor plate in the hybrid scenario. Based on the standard vacuum criteria for RMP, the simulation results indicate that the FEC coils will be feasible for control of ELMs and mitigation of divertor heat load by RMP in both steady-state and hybrid operation scenarios.</P>

Numerical Simulation of Pure Argon Plasma Transport in a Linear Divertor Simulator

Kim, Hyun Seok,Han, Hyunsun,Kim, Ki Min,Kim, Jwa-soon,Hong, Sang Hee Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2009 Fusion science and technology Vol.55 No.2

A call for action from workers, local residents, and consumers: a safe society from toxic chemicals

Kim, Shinbum,Im, Sanghyuk,Choi, Youngeun,Park, Soomi,Hyun, Jaesoon,Lee, Kyung Seok,Lee, Sunimm,Lee, Sung-nan,Seo, Jeongri,Kim, Ju Hee,Na, Hyunsun,Kim, Minsun,Korean Society for Environmental Health an The Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology 2016 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.31 No.-