공기청정기의 일부 실내공기 오염물질 제거효율에 관한 연구

이태형,김윤신,홍승철,이철민,김종철,전형진,김중호 한국환경과학회 2005 한국환경과학회지 Vol.14 No.5

In this study, we investigated PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP) in urine at indoor environments which are 35 houses and 20 hospitals for using air cleaner and non-using air cleaner in Seoul metropolitan area and Kyoung-gi province from April, 2003 to February, 2004. Moreover, we examined effect of improvement for indoor air quality and health effect by concentration of 1-OHP also we investigated removal efficiency by air cleaner for PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP that were 28.5%, 27.4%, and 42.1% respectively. Concentration of PM_(10), NO₂, and 1-OHP were 19.02±18.14μg/m³, 8.66±3.06ppb, and 0.19±0.18μg/g creatinine when air cleaner was no worked. The concentration for PM_(10), NO₂ and 1-OHP were 13.60+10.79μg/m³, 6.29±2.71ppb, and 0.11±0.10μg/g creatinine, respectively. It was significant statistically. Therefore, it is considered using the air cleaner to remove the partial pollutants in indoor environment and is positive effect for health.

短纖維强化 Polymer 複合材料의 環境溫度에 따른 强度特性에 關한 硏究

전형주,김희영 順天大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.16 No.1

This paper describes the fracture mechanism and the properties of microscopic structure of short glass fiber reinforced plastics produced by shouting machine was investigated by universal testing instrument and SEM. We obtained following results by performing the tensile strength evaluation of polymer composites material according as mold temperature(70∼110℃), environmental temperature and fiber mixing ratios. (1) The tensile strength of the plastic with 30% fiber content was found to be 1.6 times as much as that with 10% fiber content. But in the case of the welded specimen it showed contrary results. (2) the tensile strength decreased with an increase of environmental temperature. The above trend was more dominant in the parent specimen than in the weld specimen. (3) The fracture surface observation by SEM at low temperature(-30℃) showed fiber breaks in the matrix. But at high temperature(80℃), some of fibers were ruptured but some were delaminated with plastic deformation in the matrix. The tensile strength was higher at low temperature than at high temperature, which was believed to be due to the difference in binding force between matrix and fiber.

세포학적인 검사를 통해 자궁경부암의 조기 발견과 합리적인 병원내 산부인과의 운영 체계에 관한 고찰

김태전,배형준,김종열 서울보건대학 1996 서울보건대학 부설 병원경영연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.1

In this study, the authers have investigated a true appreciation on the importance and the actual conditions of utilization of cytologic examination in gynecologic services with 3 step, that is, in 1 step the importance of cytologic examination in gynecologic services has been investigated from the results of 4,024 female of cytologic examination, in 2 step the actual conditions of utilization of cytologic examination have been investigated from 60 medical institutes through questionaire, and in 3 step the more detailed subjects of cytologic examination in gynecologic services have been investigated from 3 medical institutes selected randomly, such an investigations were done to make the programs of improvement in order to promote the activation of gynecologic medical services that shall be able to decrease occurrence of uterine cervical cancer, which is still the most prevalent cancer in korean female, and to make those on effective diagnosis and treatment activaton that shall be able to increase the income of medical institutes. The programs of improvement according to conclusions obtained from investigations like these were summarized as the following. 1. Program to activate positively cytologic examination It was well known that good correlation was noted between number of cytologic examination and those of histologic examination, those of gynecology procedures, and those of gynecologic surgeries. But it was a fact that a most of gynecology board certified physicians and physicians, and medical institutes have not utilized actively cytologic examination in gynecologic practice. Therefore all of married woman should be had politically cytologic examination at regular intervals in order to prevent and detect early uterine cervical cancer. 2. Program to establish exclusively responsible managed systems Managed systems that are exclusively responsible for cytologic examination should be established in order to have examination at regular intervals exactly(six months). 3. Program to utilize correctly the current medical insurance regulations about medical treatment charges The medical charges of cytologic exmination should be applied correctly to the current medical insurance regulations about medical treatment charges in order to increase the income of medical institutes. Because the medical charges of cytologic examination for the levels of medical check up and preventive medicin exception cancer or clinically suspicious cancer diagnosed by physicians is applicable to general medical treatment charges under the current medical insurance regulations. 4. Program to utilize reasonable diagnostic system in cytologic examination. Since certificated technologist screen first thing many microscopic slides for cytologic examination, lastly gynecologic board should make a final diagnosis on only abnormal slides. It is reasonable diagnostic system that can observe more microscopic slides, decrease misdiagnosis and high personnel expenses, and increase income in cytologic examination. Consequently it is necerssary to establish reasonable diagnostic system. 5. Program in order to promote the efficiency of the following examination and treatment system for patients to whom abnormal cell were detected. The following examination and treatment system that were corresponded with diagnosis, and automated and standardized system from receipt to gynecologic practice should be established to offer patients ease and trust, and also medical institutes the more income through the activation of gynecologic practice. Finally, the authers think that it is very important that cytologic examination should be included in routine gynecologic practice.

축압축을 받는 CFRP 적층부재의 에너지흡수특성과 파괴모드에 관한 연구

김정호,정회범,전형주 한국산업안전학회 2002 한국안전학회지 Vol.17 No.3

The object of this paper is to investigate collapse characteristics of CF/Epoxy(Carbon Fiber/Epoxy resin)composite tubes on the change of interlaminar number and fiber orientation angle of outer and to evaluate reappearance of collapse characteristics on the change of tension strength of fibers under static and impact axial compression loads. When a CF/Epoxy composite tube is crushed, static/impact energy is consumed by friction between the loading plate and the splayed fronds of the tube, by fracture of the fibers, matrix and their interface. In general, CF/Epoxy tube with 6 interlaminar number(C-type) absorbed more energy than other tubes(A, B, D-types). The maximum collapse load seemed to increase as the interlaminar number of such tubes increases. The collapse mode depended upon orientation angle of outer of CF/Epoxy tubes and loading status(static/impact). Typical collapse modes of CF/Epoxy tubes are wedge collapse mode, splaying collapse mode and fragmentation collapse mode. The wedge collapse mode was shown in case of CF/Epoxy tubes with 0˚ orientation angle of outer under static and impact loadings. The splaying collapse mode was shown in only case of CF/Epoxy tubes with 90˚ orientation angle of outer under static loadings, however in impact tests those were collapsed in fragmentation mode. So that, CF/Epoxy tube with 6 interlaminar number and 90˚ outer orientation angle presented to the optimal collapse characteristics.

자동차 타이어의 진동특성에 관한 실험적 연구

김병삼,전형주 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1997 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The vibration characteristics of automobile tire is studied experimentally. In order to obtain the theoretical values of natural frequency and mode shape, the plane vibration of a tire is modeled as a circular beam. Theoretical results are determined by using the Tielking method which considers tension force due to tire inflation pressure, rotational velocity, tangential and radial stiffness. Modal parameters by the inflation pressure, load and rotational velocity are experimentally determined by using frequency response function method. Results show that material property and tire wear are parameters for shift the natural frequency and the increase of sidewall stiffness caused by the load on a tire results in the increase of natural frequency of the tire, and rotational velocity of the tire has no influence on the natural frequency.

장기간의 지구성 운동이 지질과산화에 미치는 영향

김종달,신말순,전형권 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was carried to investiate the effects of a long term on blood lipid peroxidation. To achieve the purpose, a chain of experiments were carried out as the followings. First, sixty three Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three group: the control group, the endurance training group, the endurance exhaustive group. 21 rats were exercised by endurance training and 21 rats were training in endurance exhaustive training for 12 weeks, but 21 rats were not exercised at all. Endurance training animals were trained 5 days per weeks, for 12 weeks, running for 1 hour at 20m/minute, 0% grade. Endurance exhaustive training animals were trained 5 days per weeks, for 12 weeks, swimming to physical exhaustion. Second, human subjects were randomly assigned to control and endurance training groups. 7 subjects were exercised by endurance training and 7 subjects were not exercised at all. Endurance training groups were trained 4 days per weeks, for 12 weeks, swimming for 2 hour. The trained and rested animals were sacrified for 48 hours after their last training session and sedentary control animals were sacrified at the same time of the day. In human, after their last training session, which was for 48 hours their blood was taken from antecubital vein for sampling. Following 8 weeks, 12 weeks training period, the rats and human were hematological analyzed by the changes of LPO(lipid peroxide: MDA). Statistical techniques for data analysis were One-way ANOVA training times(before, 8 week, 12 week) and two way repeated measure ANOVA to determine the differences among groups. The 5% level of significance was used as the critical level for acceptance of hypotheses for the study. The analysis of data revealed the following findings. There weren't any significant differences in the LPO among three groups following pre and 8 weeks training, but significantly lower in training groups than in control group 12 weeks training in rats. On the other hand, in human, there were no significant differences among three groups following pre training and 8 weeks training, but significantly lower in training groups following 12 weeks training.

중복 자궁 경부, 맹낭성 종질중격 및 동측 신장발생부전을 가진 교통성 중복자궁 1례

김윤진,전명권,이응수,최형민 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

The class of uterine malformation known as communicating uteri is characterized by two uterocervical cavities connected by an isthmic communication. We experienced case of communicating double uterus with double cervix, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. The complaint of the patient was odorous vaginal discharge with lower abdominal pain unrelated with menstrual cycle. We confirmed these Mullerian anomalies by transvaginal ultrasound. IVP(intravenous pyelography), MRI(magnetic resonance imaging), hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy. After vaginal septoplasty, her complaint was subsided. We report this case with brief review of literatures.

타액 오염이 One bottle 상아질 결합제의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

전형준,김종수,권순원 大韓小兒齒科學會 2001 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.28 No.4

법랑질과 상아질에 대한 접착시스템의 결합력은 타액이나 혈액에 의하여 저하될 수 있다. 제 5세대 상아질 결합제 적용시에 산부식된 치면이 타액에 오염될 경우, 보다 효율적인 치면 처리 방법을 알아보기 위해 여러 가지 치면 처리 방법과 조건을 설정한 다음 수복물의 유지력을 전단결합강도 측정으로 서로 비교 분석하고, 치아와 수복물 사이의 계면을 주사전자 현미경을 이용해 관찰하였다. 그 결과 우치상아질의 산부식후 타액오염된 경우, 물로 10초간 세척한 후 공기로 가볍게 건조하여 수복하면 전단결합강도의 감소가 일어나지 않았으나, Prime & Bond NT의 광중합후에 타액오염된 경우에는 물로 10초간 세척한 후 공기로 완전히 건조를 하여도 레진과의 결합력이 매우 약해지며 Prime & Bond NT를 재적용하더라고 전단결합강도의 상당한 감소를 보였으며, 주사전자 현미경 관찰결과 모든 군에서 유사한 혼화층과 레진태그의 형성을 보였으며 특이할만한 각 군간의 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. For decades it has been a clinically accepted requirement, in case of salivary contamination, to re-etch conditioned enamel and dentin to proceed with the adhesive technique. Only a few reports have been so far dealing with the potential of one-bottle adhesive system to bond even when applied after salivary contamination and without re-etching. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the salivary contamination on the shear bond strength of dentin. The results were as follows: 1. In group Ⅱ, in which saliva contamination ans washing occurred before applying of Prime & Bond NT showed high shear bond strength as in control group. In Group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, in which the cured adhesive was contaminated with saliva, showed significantly lower mean bond strength. 2. Relating long resin tags of 70~120㎛ were observed in samples of all groups under SEM. We could observed hybrid layer, resin tag and many lateral branches in every group. And there were no differences between groups.

비정부기구(NGO)의 탈북자 지원 경험 분석 및 개선 방향

전우택,윤덕룡,강성록,김형중,민성길 연세대학교 통일연구원 2001 통일연구 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives: Since 1994, the number of North Korean defectors, escaping North Korea and entering South Korea, has increased rapidly.As the number of defectors has increased the role of non-governmental organizations(NGOs) in assisting the defectors' adaptation to their new society has become more important.To increase the successfulness and effectiveness of NGO activities, their experiences were surveyed and analyzed. Methods: Representatives or acting staffs of 11 NGOs presently supporting North Korean defectors' adaptation to South Korean society were interviewed by researchers between June 21 and October 14, 2000.And one focus group discussion meeting with 26 NGO personnel from 13 NGOs was held on November 4, 2000. Results: As for their stated purpose of activity; to help defectors become good citizens (7), to transform defectors into mediate personnel between North and South Korea (5), to protect the human rights of the North Korean people (3), and th advocate their religions (3).Out of the 11 organizations, only 5 had their own educational program for volunteers.The contents of the NGO's support for volunteers were as follows; counseling (7), introduction of employment and job education (6), direct financial support (5), creation of one-to-one relationships (4), assistance for their religious life (2), assistance with English study and mathematics (1), and medical service (1).NGOs listed the following difficulties; financial (7), human relationship with defectors (6), lack of volunteers and management of them (4), problems in the relationship with the South Korean government (3).NGOs stated a need for close cooperation with other NGOs, involving the activation of NGOs Association (5), and co-operative joint actions (4).Conclusion: Firstly, NGOs need to specialize in their field of activity.Their lack of specialized areas and of ability is the man obstacles to NGOs intercooperation and a major impediment on their effective operation.Secondly, NGOs should be careful in their direct financial support to defectors, because such a form of support has many serious governmental cooperation.The government also needs to have a more open mind in its dealings with NGOs.Fourthly, NGOs should cooperate, especially in areas of joint concern such as volunteer education program.Fifthly, NGOs should pay attention to their volunteers' personnel management and development.Sixthly, NGOs need to increase the degree of activeness with which defectors seek support from NGOs.Usually, it is the NGOs, which play an active role in the support process, so that defectors become passive and dependent leading to many problems.

인대내 거대자궁 근종 증례

김윤진,전명권,이응수,최형민 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Uterine myomas are the most common pelvic tumor in women. These benign tumor generally arise in the uterinie wall and intraligamentary myomas are relatively rare cases. We experienced intraligamentary huge myoma. Preoperative GnRH(Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) agonist therapy was done but the effect was nearly absent. Hystrectomy was done without complication. We report this case with brief review of literatures.