前腕部 經穴 取穴에서 骨度分寸法과 一夫法의 比較 硏究

박히준,채윤병,차웅석,박종배,이혜정,이향숙,인창식,고형균,김수영,최일환,김강식,문정배,배기태,유경환,육근영,정병주,손인철,임사비나 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Background : The cun measurement System, an essential and convenient method in locating acupoints, has been widely used in the practice of acupuncture. However, traditional cun measurement has been criticized for its lack of reliability. Objectives : The purposes of this study are to determine if one cun measured by the directional methods have a consistency with that of proportional methods and to investigate which factors are related with these differences, especially in forearm. Methods : The distance between the elbow crease and the wrist crease of forearm was compared to a reference value of one cun obtained by the directional method. In this method, one cun is one third of the distance between index finger and Small finger of a subject, measured at proximal interphalangeal joint. In addition, to investigate the factors influencing the differences between these two methods, we measured the height and body weight and calculated body mass index (BMI). Finally we analyzed the factors correlated with these lengths by linear regression test. Results : The results showed that one cun obtained by the directional methods were significantly different from one cun by the proportional methods in forearm. It was demonstrated that the length acquired with the directional method was more correlated with body weight and body mass index, while the length obtained by the proportional method was more correlated with the height.

건강보험공단 건강검진과 자비 건강검진 수검자간의 만족도 비교

신연수,박종연,정상혁,정혜영,강혜영 한국의료QA학회 2005 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Backgrouds : This study was performed to compare the satisfaction levels for health examination programs provided by between the Korea National Health Insurance Corporation (KNHIC) and private healthcare organizations in Korea. We investigated factors associated with the satisfaction level for the KNHIC health examination. Also, factors explaining for the additional receipt of private healthcare organization's examination were identified. Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in June 2004 with 250 beneficiaries of the KNHIC industrial workers' program and 100 beneficiaries of the KNHIC selfemployed program. A total of 297 completed the questionnaire, including 213 (85.2%) and 84 (84.0%) for each insurance program. Ten questions measuring satisfaction levels for each examination program were rated on a scale ranging from 1 (strongly unsatisfied) to 5 (strongly satisfied). Results : Among the subjects receiving both examinations, the mean satisfaction level for the KNHIC examination (3.07) was significantly lower than that for the private healthcare organization's examination (3.50) (p<0.05). The KNHIC examination showed lower satisfaction for all of the 10 items than the counterpart. In particular, the KNHIC examination had the scores of lower than 3.0 for the items reflecting post-examination management services. According to the multiple regression analysis results, the satisfaction for the KNHIC examination was positively associated with the positive attitude toward health examination(•‚=0.38, p<0.00). The logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of receiving the private healthcare organization's examination in addition to the KNHIC examination increases as the respondents were less healthier(OR=0.29, 95% CI = 0.10¢¶0.84), the satisfaction level for the KNHIC examination decreased(OR=0.46, 0.28¢¶0.75) or the attitude toward health examination was more positive (OR=2.56, 1.31¢¶5.12). Conclusion : The relatively low satisfaction level for both examination programs suggests that there's ample room for improvement of health examination services in Korea. The negative association between additional receipt of private healthcare organization's examination and satisfaction level for the KNHIC examination implies that the improvement of the satisfaction for the KNHIC examination would help to reduce the national expenditure spent on the additional examination.

폐 내 병변으로 인한 소아 급성 호흡부전의 원인 질환과 예후

이혜영,박지숙,최희라,서지현,김점수,임재영,최명범,박찬후,우향옥,윤희상 대한소아과학회 2004 小兒科 Vol.47 No.5

CPPU유도 참다래 단위결과 과실의 특성

조윤섭,조혜성,박문영,박재옥,박태동,김월수 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2001 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.36 No.-

This study was designed to find out an alternative to artificial pollination in kiwifruit production. The parthenocarpic kiwifruits induced by (N-2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenyl urea (CPPU) treatment tended to be less attractive due to deep furrowing and excessive outgrowth of stigma in mature fruits. Especially, on flower buds after CPPU spray, severe fruit-drop was induced. It was considered enough to spray CPPU at more than 4ppm to attain sufficient fruit set but needed to spray CPPU at more than 16ppm to attain marketable fruit size. When CPPU at 16ppm was sprayed to the same flower once, twice or three time, the fruits received CPPU treatment more time was larger but less attractive. Application of CPPU mare than at 16ppm seemed to be necessary to produce fruits heavier than 80 gr. Enlargement of the fruits received CPPU treatment mainly occurred cross wisely and vertical development was not affected and thickening of outer pericarp primarily contributed to the fruit enlargement. Difference in flesh color or contents of vitamin C and sugars between control fruits and CPPU-treated fruits was not noticed. In conclusion, CPPU treatment to induce parthenocarpic kiwifruits could be commercially applicable, only the method for improving fruit appearance is worked out.

간암조직에서 DNA methyltransferase의 발현

이귀연,박혜정,심용희 建國大學校基礎科學硏究所 2002 理學論集 Vol.27 No.-

암억제유전자의 과메틸화는 유전자의 발현을 억제하는 작용으로 암발생 기전에 중요한 요인으로 알려져 왔다. DNA 과메틸화는 DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt)에 의해서 생성되는데 현재까지 그 기능이 알려진 것으로 Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b가 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국인의 간암조직 27개과 각 예에 상응되는 정상조직 27 개에서 위의 세 효소의 발현정도를 역전사효소-중합연쇄반응으로 조사하였다. Dnmt1는 정상조직에서 40.7% (11/27), 간암조직에서 33.3% (9/27); Dnmt3a는 정상조직에서 22.2% (6/27), 간암조직에서 63% (17/27); Dnmt3b는 정상조직에서는 전혀 발현 되지 않았으며 간암조직에서 51.9% (14/27)가 발현되었다. Dnmt1은 유전자의 메틸화정도를 유지시키는 기능을 하는 반면에 Dnmt3a와 Dnmt3b는 de novo 메틸화를 담당한다. Dnmt3a와 Dnmt3b의 발현이 Dnmt1보다 1.6-1.9 배 간암조직에서 높았으며 정상조직에서는 Dnmt1 (40.7%)의 발현이 22.2%인 Dnmt3a와 전혀 발현을 보이지 않은 Dnmt3b보다 훨씬 높았다. 위의 실험결과는 정상조직에서는 유전자의 메틸화를 유지하기 위하여 DNA 메틸화가 되는 반면에 종양조직에서는 새로운 유전자의 메틸화가 유발됨을 시사한다. 이는 새로운 유전자의 과메틸화의 증가가 암 발생기전의 요인이 될 가능성을 제시하는 결과이다. Hypermethylation on CpG islands of a tumor suppressor gene has been frequently detected in a variety of cancer cells and known to repress the level of transcription. To identify the molecular mechanism for hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), we examined DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) expression level in HCC. Three Dnmts, Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b that have been identified as being enzymatically active were examined by RT-PCR. Expression of Dnmts was detected in both non-neoplastic control liver and in HCC. Eleven out of 27 (40.7%) controls and 9 out of 27 (33.3%) HCC; 6 out of 27 (22.2%) controls and 17 out of 27 (63%) HCC; none of 27 controls and 14 out of 27 (51.9%) HCC revealed expression of Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, and Dnmt3b, respectively. The relatively high frequency of Dnmt1 expression in non-neoplastic control suggests that expression of Dnmt1 is required for maintenance of methylation profile in non-neoplastic cells. In addition, higher frequencies of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b expression in HCC suggest that de novo DNA methylation in tumor cells may be the major process for gene inactivation during hepatocarcinogenesis.

유사노출군별 건강진단 방법에 대한 전문가 의견조사

김정연,하은희,박혜숙 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: This study aims to survey of the health examination for occupational disease using similar exposure group(SEG). Methods : We surveyed industrial hygienists and occupational physicians about the health screening using SEG. We randomly sampled 100 industrial hygienists and 100 occupational physicians from the membership lists. We collected the heneral characteristics and professional opinion of health examination for occupational disease screening using SEG. The self-reported questionnaires were collected by mail from July 1st to July 20th in 1999. Results : Seventy three percent of respondents answered they knew the concepts of SEG. Occupational hygienists were more likely to know the SEG than occupational physician, but it was not statistically significant. Both of occupational hygienists and physicians pointed out that "Improvement of hazardous exposure monitoring" should be on the first assumption for develop-ment of health examination using SEG. The second assumption would be "Advance of toxicologic knowledge". And next was "Improvement of appraisal for health effect" from occupational physician, but "Administrative will to reform" from occupational hygienist. Conclusions : It is desirable to health examination based on SEG rather than on individual hazardous exposure. For this approach, we have to improve the monitoring of hazardous exposure first. 목적: 유사노출군별 건강진단방법과 복합유해인자 노출, 보건문제별 건강진단 방법을 고려한 '복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법 개발'에 대하여 산업보건 전문가의 의견을 수렴하고자 국내의 산업의학전문가와 산업위생전문가를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 방법: 대한산업의학회와 대한산업위생학회에서 회원 명부를 구하여 이중 각각 100명을 무작위로 추출한 총 200명을 대상으로 "복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법 개발"의 타당성을 검증 받기 위한 조사내용 항목 선정작업을 하였으며 자기기입식 설문방식으로 우편설문조사를 실시하였다. 총 200명의 설문대상자 중 주소지 불명으로 되돌아온 10명을 제외한 190명중 응답한 사람은 81명으로 응답률은 42.6%이었다. 조사기간은 1999년 7월 1일부터 7월 20일까지 이었다. 자료처리 및 통계분석은 SPSS 8.0 package를 이용하여 기술통계량을 구하고 각 군간의 비교를 위하여는 chi-square test를 하였다. 결과: 유사노출군(Similar Exposure Group) 개념에 대해서는 대다수(73.1%)가 알고 있다고 응답하였으며 산업위생 전문가들이 약간 더 많이 알고 있었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 복합유해인자 노출에 따른 건강진단 방법이 개발될 경우 가장 먼저 전제가 되어야 할 것으로는 산업의학과 산업위생 전문가 모두 "복합유해물질 노출평가에 대한 전문성의 향상"을 가장 중요한 것으로 지적하였고 그 다음으로 "유해물질 상호작용에 대한 독성학 연구 진전", 산업의학전문가들은 "산업의학 전문의의 건강영향 평가 능력의 향사", 산업위생전문가들은 "노동부의 제도 개선의지" 라고 각각 지적하였다. 결론: 근로자 건강진단에서 발견하고자 하는 것은 근로자가 어떤 유해인자에 노출되고 있는가를 밝혀내는 것이 아니라 유해인자 노출에 다라 어떤 건강장해를 가지고 있는 가하는 것에 있으므로 앞으로의 건강진단은 유해인자별 건강진단 보다는 근로자의 보건문제를 중심으로 건강진단을 실시하는 것이 바랍직할 것이며 유사노출군으로 노출을 파악하고, 유사노출군별 가능한 건강장해를 파악함으로써 건강진단 항목을 구성하는 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다.

계획되지 않은 아동의 입원시 정보제공이 어머니 스트레스 대처에 미치는 효과

최명애,박승현,권원경,김선구,안혜영,김윤경 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1999 간호학 논문집 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of informational intervention on coping of mother's stress in unplanned childhood hospitalization. Thirty four mothers of the hospitalized children, 24 months to 60 months old, were randomly assigned to experimental and control group. Child behavioral information and parental role information was given to experimental group by booklet and cassette tape. The state-trait anxiety was measured within 12 to 24 hours following hospitalization, the state anxiety was measured during from 24 hours to 48 hours, and the parent participation with care of children, and the parent support during invasive procedures was measured during 48 hours to 72 hours after hospitalization. The data was collected from May, 1997 to October, 1998 at B hospital in Seoul. Data was analyzed with X²-test, non paired t-test, ANCOVA test and Wilcoxon test using SAS program. Results were obtained as follows: 1. There were no difference in the state anxiety during the period of hospitalization and after discharging from hospital between experimental and control group. 2. Experimental group showed significantly higher scores on the parent participation with care of children than control group(P=0.03). 3. The parent support during invasive procedures of experimental group was significantly greater than that of control group(P=0.0167). The results suggest that information intervention regarding child behavioral information and parental role information may enhance both the parent participation with care of children and the parent support during invasive procedures.

소규모사업장 보건관리기술지원사업 지원여부에 따른 사업장내 의사소통 비교

정최경희,박혜숙,김정연,이경용,현성민,오지영,김수근,김현주,하은희 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2003 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.26 No.2

목적: 소규모사업장 보건관리기술지원사업 지원여부에 따라 사업장내 위험의사소통채널이 마련되었는지와 이 채널이 기능을 하는지, 그리고 의사소통채널마련과 사업장내 위험의사소통 활성화의 기본적이고 중요한 배경이 되는 사업주의 산업보건에 대한 관심이 차이가 있는지에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 서울, 안산, 대전, 광주, 포항 지역에서 보건관리기술지원사업을 받은 사업장과 받지 않은 사업장을 대상으로 비례층화무작위표본추출법을 사용하여 추출한 후 1991년 12월 6일부터 10일간 우편설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문대상은 각 사업장의 남녀 각 1명, 보건업무담당자, 사업주였으며, 설문내용은 사업장 및 응답자의 일반적 특성 및 사업장내 위험의사소통이었다. 설문에 응답이 온 463개 사업장의 자료를 자료처리하여 총 228개 사업장(단해년도지원 사업장 189개, 연속2년지원 사업장 13개, 비지원사업장 26개)을 대상으로 분석하였다. 결과: 사업장내 의사소통에 대한 단변량분석에서는 보건업무 담당자의 선정여부만이 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 소규모사업장 보건관리기술지원사업을 지원받지 않은 사업장과 지원받은 사업장의 사업장내 위험의사소통을 비교하기 위한 로지스틱회귀분석 결과, 모든 항목에서 통계적으로는 유의한 차이를 보여주지 않았다. 그러나 사업주의 관심(OR ; 1.63, 95% CI ; 0.38~7.01)과 보건업무담당자의 선정(OR ; 3.67, 95% CI ; 1.00~13.44) 및 결정권한(OR ; 1.48, 95% CI ; 0.25~8.91), 사업주의 산업보건문제 소통(OR ; 3.07, 95% CI ; 0.81~11.71), 보건업무담당자의 정보요청경험(OR; 4.48, 95% CI ; 0.97~20.57)에서는 지원받지 않은 사업장에 비해 지원받은 사업장에서 교차비가 증가하는 양상을 보여주었다. 반면 노동자의 산업보건문제 소통가능성여부는 오히려 교차비가 0.53(95% CI ; 0.11~2.44)로 감소하는 경향을 보여주었다. 결론: 소규모사업장 보건관리기술지원사업을 의사소통의 측면에서 평가해보면, 사업주나 보건업무담당자에게는 다소 효과가 있었지만 노동자가 지속적으로 참여할 수 있도록 의사소통문화를 바꾸어내는 데에는 한계가 있었다. 개선을 위해서는 노동자 중심의 접근 프로그램의 개발 및 시행이 시급하다 할 수 있다. Objectives :This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the government-funded subsidized occupational health program for small-scale enterprises(GSOHP_SSE) by occupational health com-munication in workplace. Methods : We sampled the 1,835 enterprises of study by proportional stratified random sampling among industries of supported and not supported by GSOHP_SSE in Seoul, Ansan, Daejeon, Kwang-joo and Pohang. Information on the general characteristics of enterprises and respondants and occupational health communication in the workplace was collected on self-reported questionnaires by post-survey between December 6 and 15 in 2001. We received answers from 463 enterprises and analyzed 228 enterprises through data-cleaning by logistic regression to evaluate effectiveness of GSOHP-SSE about occupational health communication in the workplace. Results : By multiple logistic regression analysis, GSOHP_SSE turned out not to be statistically significant factor in all dependent variables about occupational health communication in the work-place. The concern of owner(odds ratio (below OR) ; 1.63, 95% confidence interval(below 95% CI) ; 0.38-7.01), formation(OR ; 3.67, 95% CI ; 1.00-13.44) and empowerment(OR ; 1.48, 95% CI ; 0.25-8.91) of health manager, request about occupational health problem of health manager(OR ;4.48, 95% CI ; 0.97-20.57) and occupational health communication of owner (OR ; 3.07, 95% CI ; 0.81-11.71) had the trend increasing OR in the industries supported GS-OHP_SSE relative to the industries not supported. But in recognition of possibility on occupational health communication of laborers, OR of GSOHP_SSE was decreased in 0.53(95% CI ; 0.11-2.44). Conclusions: This study found that the GSOHP_SSE was some effective to the side of employer and health manager, but had a limitation about change of communication culture useful to the laborers. We suggested the laborer-centered health training programs or the empowerment-based health training programs for effective occupational health management in the workplace.

미생물제 Mity-Gro의 포도 품질 향상 효과

정경화,상혜영,윤정희,박희승 中央大學校 食糧資源硏究所 2002 食糧資源硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.1

Mity-Gro는 비병원성 박테리아인 Bacillus Lateosporus를 주성분으로 하는 미생물제재로서 본 실험은 Mity-Gro가 포도 품질 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. Mity-Gro 엽면시비는 포도과실의 착색을 증진시키는 것으로 나타났으며 유의성은 인정되지 않았으나 일부 당도향상 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 착색에 대한 처리효과는 품종간, 과방중간에 다른 것으로 조사되었다. 반면에 Mity-Gro 처리는 과실 비대에는 영향을 미치지 않으며 다른 외부요인들이 과실비대에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 Mity-Gro 처리에 의한 수량증대는 기대하기 어려웠다. 한편 멸균처리시에도 안토시아닌 증가를 통한 과실의 품질향상 효과가 인정되어 이와 관련된 다른 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되었다. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Mity-Gro on the improvement in the quality of Grapes. Mity-Gro is a microbial fertilizer that is made from Bacillus lateosporus, an avirulent bacteria. Applying Mity-Gro on the leaves of gapes improved in coloring of berries and had somewhat effect on increasing the sugar content. The effects of Mity-Gro on coloring between varieties and between clusters were different. In contrast, applying Mity-Gro on the leaves of grapes did not directly effect on the growth of berries, Because many unknown external factors were considered to affect on berry growth, the increase in grape quantity by applying of Mity-Gro could not be expected. However, more studies in related areas are necessary in the future since anthocyanin content of grapes was increased in the control, the treatment of sterilizing water.

Elevated TRAF2/6 expression in Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of Parkin E3 ligase activity.

Chung, Ji-Yun,Park, Hee Ra,Lee, Su-Jin,Lee, Sun-Hye,Kim, Jin Sik,Jung, Youn-Sang,Hwang, Sang Hyun,Ha, Nam-Chul,Seol, Won-Gi,Lee, Jaewon,Park, Bum-Joon United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology [e 2013 Laboratory investigation Vol.93 No.6

<P>Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second leading neurodegenerative disease, and is known to be induced by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Among the verified genetic mutations of PD, Parkin, isolated from the PARK2 locus, shows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and is known to be an E3 ligase. However, the physiological target of Parkin and the molecular mechanism of Parkin-deficiency-induced PD have not been clearly demonstrated until now. It has recently been proposed that inflammation, suggesting as a causal factor for PD, is enhanced by Parkin deficiency. Thus, we examined the relationship between inflammation-related factors and Parkin. Here, we provide the evidence that Parkin suppresses inflammation and cytokine-induced cell death by promoting the proteasomal degradation of TRAF2/6 (TNF-α receptor-associated factor 2/6). Overexpression of Parkin can reduce the half-lives of TRAF2 and TRAF6, whereas si-Parkin can extend them. However, mutant Parkins did not alter the expression of TRAF2/6. Thus, loss of Parkin enhances sensitivity to TNF-α- or IL-1β-induced JNK activation and NF-κB activation. Indeed, si-Parkin-induced apoptosis is suppressed by the knockdown of TRAF6 or TRAF2. We also observed elevated expression levels of TRAF6 and a reduction of IκB in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model. Moreover, elevated expression levels or aggregation of TRAF6 were detected in approximately half of the human PD tissues (7/15 cases) and 2 cases, respectively. In addition, TRAF6 and Parkin expression levels show a reverse relationship in human PD tissues. Our results strongly suggest that the reduction of Parkin or overexpression of TRAF2/6 by chronic inflammation would be the reason for occurrence of PD.</P>