Progress in Preparation of Cellulase from Lignocellulose Using Fungi

Hui Jiao,Xiang-Yang Song,Chenhuan Lai,Hao Fang,Yuqi Song,Junjun Zhu 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.6

Lignocellulosic biomass such as agricultural and forestry waste is the most abundant renewable organic carbon source on earth and can be used to produce source of clean energy such as ethanol. One of the disadvantages of the preparation of ethanol using lignocellulose as raw material is the high cost of production of cellulase. Fungi are capable of effectively degrading lignocellulose and secreting a large amount of cellulase, and have the advantages of ease of preparation, high yield, and full enzyme systems. Therefore, this paper reviews sources of lignocellulose and the biodegradation properties which limit the production of cellulase, proposes micro-organisms capable of degrading lignocellulose and explains the types of cellulase, and the mechanism of action, methods of fermentation optimization, and control are analyzed, and ways to increase the yield of cellulase are described. Finally, research on the effects of inducers on the production of cellulase by fungi is reviewed. The aims of this review are to provide a reference for the efficient production and industrial application of cellulase.

Expression of the Pokemon Proto-oncogene in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Lines and Tissues

Jiao, Wei,Liu, Fei,Tang, Feng-Zhu,Lan, Jiao,Xiao, Rui-Ping,Chen, Xing-Zhou,Ye, Hui-Lan,Cai, Yong-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

To study the differentiated expression of the proto-oncogene Pokemon in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and tissues, mRNA and protein expression levels of CNE1, CNE2, CNE3 and C666-1 were detected separately by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time PCR and Western-blotting. The immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line NP69 was used as a control. The Pokemon protein expression level in biopsy specimens from chronic rhinitis patients and undifferentiated non keratinizing NPC patients was determined by Western-blotting and arranged from high to low: C666-1>CNE1>CNE2> CNE3>NP69. The Pokemon mRNA expression level was also arranged from high to low: CNE1>CNE2>NP69>C666-1>CNE3. Pokemon expression of NP69 and C666-1 obviously varied from mRNA to protein. The Pokemon protein level of NPC biopsy specimens was obviously higher than in chronic rhinitis. The data suggest that high Pokemon protein expression is closely associated with undifferentiated non-keratinizing NPC and may provide useful information for NPC molecular target therapy.

An Analysis of Ordinances on Lifelong Education in China: Focusing on Shanghai

( Hui Jiao ),( Youngsup Hyun ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2023 Asia Pacific Journal of Educational Research Vol.6 No.1

Legislation plays an indispensable role in the development of lifelong education. This study aims to provide implications for the construction of the legal system of lifelong education in China by analyzing the Shanghai Lifelong Education Ordinance. Therefore, this study explored the Shanghai Ordinance on Lifelong Education content from promoting organizations and networks, financial support, strategies and projects of lifelong education. The results of the analysis were as follows: First, the ordinance has formulated a lifelong education management mechanism centered on local government and clarified the basic direction of resource integration. Second, a mechanism for ensuring lifelong education funding has been established, in which financial contributions from the government are the main agency, complemented by numerous contributions from society and individuals. Third, diversify lifelong education programs, emphasize the protection of the learning rights of disadvantaged groups, and initially form a system of academic achievement certification and a mechanism for monitoring and evaluation. Based on the results, discussions and implications were suggested.

汲古鑄今一當代“新銳工筆”人物畵硏究

지아오셔훼이 ( Jiao Xiao Hui ) 한국동양예술학회 2020 동양예술 Vol.48 No.-

工筆畵作為中國畵中最早成熟的一個繪畵種類,它歷史悠久且作為中國藝術文化的載体,在不同的歷史時期都以其獨特的繪畫語言表達著中國人的文化理念和審美精神。縱觀中國美術史不難發現,在其數千年的發展歷程中,在不同的朝代,不同的文化背景、不同的社會審美趣味和政治需求下,作為文化載体的工筆畵在其特定歷史時期也呈現出不同的文化內涵和表現形式。本文將通過硏究特定的社會文化對工筆畵發展的影響來進而分析当今社會的”新銳工筆”現象,下文統一簡称”新工筆”。希望通過這次硏究能對工筆畵的發展有更清晰地認識,立足当下展望未來,為以後的工筆畵創作開拓更為广闊的空間。 由於当今世界网絡資訊時代的便捷、各種圖像文化高度發展。 畵家的生活方式和觀念較之前也發生了很大的變化,這些因素都促使当代工筆畵創作有了不同以往的新面貌---即本文中提到的”新工筆”。本文中所謂的”新”只是一個相對概念,因為”新”字本身就是一个發展着的、動態的而非靜止的狀態。”新工筆”是近几年出現的一個新生概念,“新”則意味著有別於旧、有別于傳統的新事物。“工筆”一詞又直接說明了這個新事物雖然有別于傳統,但它的本質屬性還是工筆,還保留著工筆畵的基本特征。因此,對傳統的继承和立足当下的創新二者結合就是新工筆的本質。新工筆最大的魅力在于它沒有停留在一种現有的固定模式下,而是結合自己對生活、對藝術的理解創造出了极具審美价值和時代意義的作品。 As one of the earliest mature painting types in Chinese painting, meticulous painting has a long history and as the carrier of Chinese art and culture, it expresses the cultural concept and aesthetic spirit of Chinese people with its unique painting language in different historical periods. Throughout the history of Chinese fine arts, it is not difficult to find that in its thousands of years of development, in different dynasties, different cultural backgrounds, different social aesthetic tastes and political needs, meticulous painting as a cultural carrier also presents different cultural connotations and forms of expression in its specific historical period. This paper will study the impact of specific social culture on the development of meticulous painting, and then analyze the phenomenon of "new fine brushwork" in today's society, hereinafter referred to as "new meticulous painting". It is hoped that through this study, we can have a clearer understanding of the development of fine brushwork painting, base ourselves on the present and look forward to the future, so as to open up a broader space for future meticulous painting creation. Due to the convenience of today's world network information age and the high development of various image culture. The life style and concept of painters have also changed a lot. These factors make the Contemporary Meticulous Painting have a new look different from the past, that is, the "new fine brushwork" mentioned in this paper. The so-called "new" in this paper is only a relative concept, because the word "new" itself is a developing, dynamic rather than static state. "New Meticulous Brushwork" is a new concept emerging in recent years, "new" means new things different from the old and traditional. The word "Meticulous Brushwork" directly shows that although this new thing is different from the tradition, its essential attribute is still meticulous, and it still retains the basic characteristics of meticulous painting. Therefore, the combination of inheritance of tradition and innovation based on the present is the essence of new Meticulous Brushwork. The greatest charm of new Meticulous Brushwork is that it does not stay in an existing fixed mode, but combines its own understanding of life and art to create works of great aesthetic value and significance of the times.

Fast Channel Allocation for Ultra-dense D2D-enabled Cellular Network with Interference Constraint in Underlaying Mode

( Hui Dun ),( Fang Ye ),( Shuhong Jiao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.6

We investigate the channel allocation problem in an ultra-dense device-to-device (D2D) enabled cellular network in underlaying mode where multiple D2D users are forced to share the same channel. Two kinds of low complexity solutions, which just require partial channel state information (CSI) exchange, are devised to resolve the combinatorial optimization problem with the quality of service (QoS) guaranteeing. We begin by sorting the cellular users equipment (CUEs) links in sequence in a matric of interference tolerance for ensuring the SINR requirement. Moreover, the interference quota of CUEs is regarded as one kind of communication resource. Multiple D2D candidates compete for the interference quota to establish spectrum sharing links. Then base station calculates the occupation of interference quota by D2D users with partial CSI such as the interference channel gain of D2D users and the channel gain of D2D themselves, and carries out the channel allocation by setting different access priorities distribution. In this paper, we proposed two novel fast matching algorithms utilize partial information rather than global CSI exchanging, which reduce the computation complexity. Numerical results reveal that, our proposed algorithms achieve outstanding performance than the contrast algorithms including Hungarian algorithm in terms of throughput, fairness and access rate. Specifically, the performance of our proposed channel allocation algorithm is more superior in ultra-dense D2D scenarios.

Microscopic Overestimation of Heterotrophic Bacteria in Open Waters of China Seas

JIAO, NIAN-ZHI,YANG, YAN-HUI,KOSHIKAWA, HIROSHI,HARADA, SHIGEKI,WATANABE, MASATAKA 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2001 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.11 No.5

Comparison of the abundances of heterotrophic bacteria in the East and South China Seas by stanctard epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry revealed that Prochlorococcus was miscounted as heterotrophic bacteria in DAPI stained samples. This could result in 5-31% overestimations of heterotrophic bacterial abundance in the study areas.

화학적 공침법을 이용한 침상형 페라이트 합성

( Jiao Wen Shen ),임윤희 ( Yun Hui Lim ),조영민 ( Young Min Jo ) 한국공업화학회 2011 공업화학 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구에서는 화학적 공침법을 적용하여 가스상 이산화탄소 분해를 위한 나노크기의 M-페라이트(M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)를 제조하였다. 열중량 분석 결과, 시험제조한 모든 시료의 최고 무게 감소율은 350 ℃ 미만에서 발생하였다. 소성온도가 증가할수록 결정형은 우수하여 표면촉매활성화를 기대할 수 있지만, 입자결정의 크기가 크고, 비표면적이 낮은 페라이트가 합성됨을 알 수 있었다. FT-IR 분석으로부터 375~406 cm-1의 범위에서 octahedral site에 착화물이 존재함을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 이는 페라이트 내 스피넬 구조가 형성되어 있음을 보여주는 것이라고 믿는다. 본 연구로부터 얻은 이산화탄소 분해반응을 위한 금속페라이트의 최적 열처리 온도는 500 ℃인 것으로 나타났다. In this work, nano-sized M-ferrites (M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) for the decomposition of carbon dioxide were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation. From the thermogravimetric analysis, it was clear that the maximum weight loss of each sample took place below 350 ℃. High temperature calcination resulted in more systematic crystallines, smaller specific surface area and larger particle size. An analysis by FTIR in the range of 375~406 cm-1 revealed the presence of chelates at the octahedral site, which implies the formation of spinel structure in the ferrites. The current work showed that a 500 ℃ is the optimum heat treatment temperature of metal ferrites for CO2 decomposition reaction.

Power Allocation for Half-duplex Relay-based D2D Communication with QoS guarantee

( Hui Dun ),( Fang Ye ),( Shuhong Jiao ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.3

In the traditional cellular network communication, the cellular user and the base station exchange information through the uplink channel and downlink channel. Meanwhile, device-to-device (D2D) users access the cellular network by reusing the channel resources of the cellular users. However, when cellular user channel conditions are poor, not only D2D user cannot reuse its channel resources to access the network, but also cellular user's communication needs cannot be met. To solve this problem, we introduced a novelty D2D communication mechanism in the downlink, which D2D transmitter users as half-duplex (HD) relays to assist the downlink transmission of cellular users with reusing corresponding spectrum. The optimization goal of the system is to make the cellular users in the bad channel state meet the minimum transmission rate requirement and at the same time maximize the throughput of the D2D users. In addition, i for the purpose of improving the efficiency of relay transmission, we use two-antenna architecture of D2D relay to enable receive and transmit signals at the same time. Then we optimized power of base station and D2D relay separately with consideration of backhaul interference caused by two-antenna architectures. The simulation results show that the proposed HD relay strategyis superior to existing HD and full-duplex (FD) models in the aspects of system throughput and power efficiency.

Diagnostic Performance of 68Gallium Labelled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Staging the Prostate Cancer with Intermediate or High Risk Prior to Radical Prostatectomy:

Hui Wu,Ting Xu,Xiao Wang,Yong-Bo Yu,Zhong-Yuan Fan,Dan-Xia Li,Lei Luo,Xue-Cheng Yang,Wei Jiao,Hai-Tao Niu 대한남성과학회 2020 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.38 No.2

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic efficiency of 68Gallium labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for staging the lymph node metastases (LNMs) in the prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A broad search of scientific databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, and Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (updated prior to November 1st, 2018) was conducted systematically by two reviewers. In this paper, we evaluated the methodological quality of each included article independently and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to reveal the summary of the diagnostic performance of 68Ga-PSMA PET and MRI in properly identifying LNMs of intermediate- and/or high-risk prostate cancer.Results: Thirteen eligible articles comprising 1,597 patients were included. For LNMs detection, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of 68Ga-PSMA PET were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49–0.79) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.88–0.97), respectively, while the corresponding values of MRI were 0.41 (95% CI: 0.26–0.57) and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86–0.95). The area under the symmetric receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve for 68Ga-PSMA PET and MRI were 0.92 and 0.83, respectively. Conclusions: In intermediate- or high-risk pre-treatment prostate cancer, 68Ga-PSMA PET had a higher sensitivity and a slightly different specificity in probing the LNMs when comparing with MRI. Moreover, the area under the SROC curve indicated that 68Ga-PSMA PET was a more effective weapon for predicting the LNMs prior to radical surgery.

Implementation of Non-Local Multi-Qubit CNOT Operation with Multi-Qubit GHZ States

Yan-Hui Zhou,Xiao-Qiang Shao,Chun-Jiao Yang,Shou Zhang,연규황 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2

A scheme is proposed to implement a non-local controlled-not (CNOT) operation with two control qubits and two target qubits, where two three-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and eight cbits (bits of classical communication) are needed. The scheme can also be generalized straightforwardly to implement a non-local multi-qubit operation with M control qubits and N target qubits.