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Kim, Shin Ae,Das, Sumit,Lee, Howon,Kim, Junghoon,Song, Yun Mi,Kim, In Sook,Byun, Kyung Min,Hwang, Soon Jung,Kim, Sung June Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Biotechnology and bioengineering Vol.108 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Matrix mineralization is a terminal process in osteoblast differentiation, and several approaches have been introduced to characterize the process in tissues or cultured cells. However, an analytical technique that quantitates in vitro matrix mineralization of live cells without any labeling or complex treatments is still lacking. In this study, we investigate a simple and enhanced optical method based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection that can monitor the surface‐limited refractive index change in real‐time. During monitoring MC3T3‐E1 cells in vitro culture every 2 days for over 4 weeks, the SPR angle is shifted with a greater resonance change in cells cultured with osteogenic reagents than those without the reagents. In addition, the SPR results obtained have a close relevance with the tendency of conventional mineralization staining and an inductively coupled plasma‐based calcium content measure. These results suggest a new approach of a real‐time SPR monitoring in vitro matrix mineralization of cultured cells. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:1473–1478. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>
실제 및 시뮬레이션 환경에서의 적대적 공격 기법 연구 동향
김용수(Yongsu Kim),윤영여(Youngyeo Yun),강효은(Hyoeun Kang),김명길(Myeongkil Kim),김호원(Howon Kim) 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.2
딥러닝 기술은 지속적인 발전을 통해 실생활에 다양하게 적용되고 있지만, 악의적인 데이터를 주입하여 오작동하게 만드는 적대적 공격에 취약한 것으로 밝혀져 큰 위협이 되고 있다. 특히, 기존 연구에서 발전하여 실제 환경이나 이와 유사한 시뮬레이션 환경에서 딥러닝 모델을 공격할 수 있는 연구가 많이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 실제 및 시뮬레이션 환경에서의 적대적 공격 기법 연구 동향을 조사하여, 향후 실생활에 큰 위협이 되는 적대적 공격에 대한 효과적인 방어 연구를 진행하는 데 기여하고자 한다.
Probing Single-Molecule Dissociations from a Bimolecular Complex NO–Co-Porphyrin
Kim, Howon,Chang, Yun Hee,Jang, Won-Jun,Lee, Eui-Sup,Kim, Yong-Hyun,Kahng, Se-Jong American Chemical Society 2015 ACS NANO Vol.9 No.7
<P>Axial coordinations of diatomic NO molecules to metalloporphyrins play key roles in dynamic processes of biological functions such as blood pressure control and immune response. Probing such reactions at the single molecule level is essential to understand their physical mechanisms but has been rarely performed. Here we report on our single molecule dissociation experiments of diatomic NO from NO-Co-porphyrin complexes describing its dissociation mechanisms. Under tunneling junctions of scanning tunneling microscope, both positive and negative energy pulses gave rise to dissociations of NO with threshold voltages, +0.68 and -0.74 V at 0.1 nA tunneling current on Au(111). From the observed power law relations between dissociation rate and tunneling current, we argue that the dissociations were inelastically induced with molecular orbital resonances by stochastically tunneling electrons, which is supported with our density functional theory calculations. Our study shows that single molecule dissociation experiments can be used to probe reaction mechanisms in a variety of axial coordinations between small molecules and metalloporphyrins.</P>
Hyperelliptic Curve Crypto-Coprocessor over Affine and Projective Coordinates
Howon Kim,Thomas Wollinger,Doo-Ho Choi,Dong-Guk Han,이문규 한국전자통신연구원 2008 ETRI Journal Vol.30 No.3
This paper presents the design and implementation of a hyperelliptic curve cryptography (HECC) coprocessor over affine and projective coordinates, along with measurements of its performance, hardware complexity, and power consumption. We applied several design techniques, including parallelism, pipelining, and loop unrolling, in designing field arithmetic units, group operation units, and scalar multiplication units to improve the performance and power consumption. Our affine and projective coordinate-based HECC processors execute in 0.436 ms and 0.531 ms, respectively, based on the underlying field GF(289). These results are about five times faster than those for previous hardware implementations and at least 13 times better in terms of area-time products. Further results suggest that neither case is superior to the other when considering the hardware complexity and performance. The characteristics of our proposed HECC coprocessor show that it is applicable to high-speed network applications as well as resource-constrained environments, such as PDAs, smart cards, and so on.
Howon Lee,정지철,Heesoo Kim,정영민,Tae Jin Kim,Seung-Hoon Oh,Yong Seung Kim,Seong Jun Lee,송인규 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.4
Oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene to 1,3-butadiene over ZnFe2O4 catalyst mixed with CsxH3−xPW12O40 heteropolyacid (HPA) was performed in a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor. The effect of CsxH3−xPW12O40 addition on the catalytic performance of ZnFe2O4 was investigated. CsxH3−xPW12O40 itself showed very low catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene. However, addition of small amount of CsxH3−xPW12O40 into ZnFe2O4 enhanced the catalytic performance of ZnFe2O4 catalyst. The catalytic performance of ZnFe2O4-CsxH3−xPW12O40 mixed catalysts was closely related to the surface acidity of CsxH3−xPW12O40. Among the catalysts tested, ZnFe2O4-Cs2.5H0.5 PW12O40 mixed catalyst showed the best catalytic performance. Strong acid strength and large surface acidity of Cs2.5 H0.5PW12O40 was responsible for high catalytic performance of ZnFe2O4-Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 mixed catalyst. Thus, Cs2.5 H0.5PW12O40 could be utilized as an efficient promoter and diluent in formulating ZnFe2O4 catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene.
Programming magnetic anisotropy in polymeric?microactuators
Kim, Jiyun,Chung, Su Eun,Choi, Sung-Eun,Lee, Howon,Kim, Junhoi,Kwon, Sunghoon Nature Publishing Group 2011 Nature materials Vol.10 No.10
Polymeric microcomponents are widely used in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and lab-on-a-chip devices, but they suffer from the lack of complex motion, effective addressability and precise shape control. To address these needs, we fabricated polymeric nanocomposite microactuators driven by programmable heterogeneous magnetic anisotropy. Spatially modulated photopatterning was applied in a shape-independent manner to microactuator components by successive confinement of self-assembled magnetic nanoparticles in a fixed polymer matrix. By freely programming the rotational axis of each component, we demonstrate that the polymeric microactuators can undergo predesigned, complex two- and three-dimensional motion.
Nonintrusive Load Monitoring Based on Advanced Deep Learning and Novel Signature
Kim, Jihyun,Le, Thi-Thu-Huong,Kim, Howon Hindawi 2017 Computational intelligence and neuroscience Vol.2017 No.-
<P>Monitoring electricity consumption in the home is an important way to help reduce energy usage. Nonintrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is existing technique which helps us monitor electricity consumption effectively and costly. NILM is a promising approach to obtain estimates of the electrical power consumption of individual appliances from aggregate measurements of voltage and/or current in the distribution system. Among the previous studies, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based models have been studied very much. However, increasing appliances, multistate of appliances, and similar power consumption of appliances are three big issues in NILM recently. In this paper, we address these problems through providing our contributions as follows. First, we proposed state-of-the-art energy disaggregation based on Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM-RNN) model and additional advanced deep learning. Second, we proposed a novel signature to improve classification performance of the proposed model in multistate appliance case. We applied the proposed model on two datasets such as UK-DALE and REDD. Via our experimental results, we have confirmed that our model outperforms the advanced model. Thus, we show that our combination between advanced deep learning and novel signature can be a robust solution to overcome NILM's issues and improve the performance of load identification.</P>