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Prediction of black tea fermentation quality indices using NIRS and nonlinear tools
Chunwang Dong,Hongkai Zhu,Jinjin Wang,Haibo Yuan,Jiewen Zhao,Quansheng Chen 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.4
Catechin content, the ratio of tea polyphenols and free amino acids (TP/FAA), as well as the ratio of theaflavins and thearubigins (TFs/TRs) are important biochemical indicators to evaluate fermentation quality. To achieve rapid determination of such biochemical indicators, synergy interval partial least square and extreme learning machine combined with an adaptive boosting algorithm, Si-ELM-AdaBoost algorithm, were used to establish quantitative analysis models between near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and catechin content and between TFs/TRs and TP/FAA, respectively. The results showed that prediction performance of the Si-ELM-AdaBoost mixed algorithm is superior than that of other models. The prediction results with root-mean-square error of prediction ranged from 0.006 to 0.563, the ratio performance deviation values exceeded 2.5, and predictive correlation coefficient values exceeded 0.9 in the prediction model of each biochemical indicator. NIRS combined with Si-ELMAdaBoost mixed algorithm could be utilized for online monitoring of black tea fermentation. Meanwhile, the AdaBoost algorithm effectively improved the accuracy of the ELM model and could better approach the nonlinear continuous function.
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Xiaoyan Zhao,Xiaowei Zhang,Hongkai Liu,Haitao Zhu,Yunping Zhu 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6
The release of bioactive pigments could bepotentially improved by enzyme degradation of plant cellwall polysaccharides. In this study, the objective was toevaluate enzyme type (cellulase and pectinase), pH values,hydrolysis temperature and time on the release of astaxanthinfrom Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis). Theresults showed that pre-treated H. pluvialis with enzymescould improve the separation yield of astaxanthin. Pectinaserelease rate of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis wassignificantly higher than cellulase (p\0.05), and enzymehydrolysis time was also shorter. The stability study ofastaxanthin oleoresin and microcapsule during storage atdifferent temperature, oxygen and illumination was foundthat the degradation rate of astaxanthin rose with increasingtemperature and illumination time, and the retention inoxygen environment decreased. The stability of astaxanthinmicrocapsules was better than astaxanthin oleoresin.
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Preparation of Novel Ionic Liquids and Their Applications in Brominating Reaction
Li, Hua,Liu, Juan,Zhu, Jiang,Wang, Hongkai Korean Chemical Society 2011 대한화학회지 Vol.55 No.4
새로운 산성 이온용액인1-(${\omega}$-sulfonicacid)propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([$HSO_3$pmim]Br)과 1-(${\omega}$-sulfonicacid)-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([$HSO_3$bmim]Br)을 제조하였다. 이 화합물들을 브롬화 시약 및 용매로 사용하여 $100^{\circ}C$, 2시간 반응시켰으며, 간단히 상분리에 의해 1,7-dibromoheptane을 95% 수율로 합성하였다. 이 산성 이온용액을 5회 재사용하였으나 수율 감소가 관찰되지 않았다. Novel acidic ionic liquids, 1-(${\omega}$-sulfonicacid)propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([$HSO_3$pmim]Br)and 1-(${\omega}$-sulfonicacid)butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([$HSO_3$bmim]Br), were prepared and used as brominating agents, catalysts and solvents in the synthesis of 1,7-dibromoheptane, respectively. 1,7-dibromoheptan with a yield of 95% was obtained at $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 h by simple phase separation. The acidic ionic liquid [$HSO_3$pmim]Br was recycled for 5 times and the yield of 1,7-dibromoheptane did not decrease remarkably, which indicates that catalysts still maintain good selectivity and activity after recycling. The structure of the acidic ionic liquid [$HSO_3$pmim]Br was characterized with IR, and it was found that [$HSO_3$pmim]Br had stronger acidity than other ionic liquid.
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