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Metastasis associated genomic aberrations in stage II rectal cancer
Hong Zhao,Zhi-Zhou Shi,Rui Jiang,Dong-Bing Zhao,Hai-Tao Zhou,Jian-Wei Liang,Xin-Yu Bi,Jian-Jun Zhao,Zhi-Yu Li,Jian-Guo Zhou,Zhen Huang,Ye-Fan Zhang,Jian Wang,Xin Xu,Yan Cai,Ming-Rong Wang,Yu Zhang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11
Genomic aberrations of rectal carcinoma, especially DNA copy number changes associated with metastasis were largely unclear. We aim to identify the metastasis associated biomarkers in stage II rectal cancer. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of stage II rectal carcinoma were analyzed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and genomic aberrations were identified by Genomic Workbench and SAM software. Copy number changes and mRNA expressions were validated by Real-time PCR in an independent rectal cancer samples. The results showed that the most frequent gains in stage II rectal cancer were at 1q21.2-q23.1, 3p21.31, 11q12.2-q23.3, 12q24.11-q24.31, 12q13.11-q14.1 and losses in 18q11.2-q23, 17q21.33-q22, 13q31.1-q31.3, 21q21.1-q21.3, 8p23.3-p23.1 and 4q22.1-q23. Twenty-two amplifications and five homozygous deletions were also identified. We further found that S100A1 (1q21.3-q23.1), MCM7 (7q22.1) and JUND (19p13.11) were amplified and overexpressed in stage II rectal cancer. Interestingly, the genomic aberrations affected 14 signaling pathways including VEGF signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Most importantly, loss of 13q31.1-q34 and gain of 1q44 were associated with distant metastasis. Our results indicated that these metastasis associated genomic changes may be useful to reveal the pathogenesis of rectal cancer metastasis and identify candidate biomarkers.
SLOTTED ATM COMPUTER RING NETWORK-THROUGHPUT AND DELAY
Bing, Lian Hong,Zhen, Tu Shi 대한전자공학회 1992 HICEC:Harbin International Conference on Electroni Vol.1 No.1
This paper introduces a slotted ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) ring network. The available bandwidth allocated to the node on the ring is analyzed. Under some assumptions we discover that the maximum throughput is only related to the mean cell trip (m). We demonstrate that the cell queue model in the node is Geometric /Geometric/ 1 queue. Finally, some numerical results of the network throughput and cell delay on the node are given.
Kinetics of Transesterification of 1,4-Butanediol With Methyl Acetate by the Ion-exchange Resin
Fei Shi,Guo Bing Li,Hong Liang Sun,Wang Feng Cai 대한화학회 2017 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.38 No.3
The dihydric alcohol transesterification of 1,4-butanediol with methyl acetate catalyzed by the ion-exchange resin is researched. The chemical system involves two transesterification reactions in series, with 1,4-butanediol monoacetate as an intermediate product. The effects of the catalyst type, catalyst size, catalyst loading, stirrer speed, the initial reactant ratio, and the reactive temperature have been meticulously studied. The results show that this consecutive transesterification is exothermic and the experimental values of reaction enthalpy are −8.50 and −6.85 kJ/mol, which are in good agreement with the values computed from the standard formation enthalpy. Three kinetic models (PH, LH, and ER) are applied to correlate the experimental data, of which ER model gives the best result with the lowest mean relative error. The activation energies are calculated to be 38.53 and 51.06 kJ/mol by ER model, demonstrating that the overall reaction rates are controlled by the reaction on the catalyst surface.
Baicalin attenuates TNBS-induced colitis in rats by modulating the Th17/Treg paradigm
Ying Zou,Shi-Xue Dai,Hong-Gang Chi,Tao Li,Zhi-Wei He,Jian Wang,Cai-Guo Ye,Guo-Liang Huang,Bing Zhao,Wen-Yang Li,Zheng Wan,Jin-Shan Feng,Xue-Bao Zheng 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.10
Baicalin, a flavonoid, has a wide range ofpharmacological properties, including immunomodulation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect ofbaicalin on the balance of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatoryT (Treg) cells in a colitis model. The rat colitis modelwas induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS). Baicalin (10 ml/kg, each) or mesalazine (positivecontrol) was then administered orally for 7 days. Inflammatoryand immunological responses were evaluated bypathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-timepolymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and flowcytometry. Our study showed that baicalin not only significantlyattenuated TNBS-induced colitis by reducing thedisease activity index as well as macroscopic and microscopicscores, but it also improved the weight loss andshortening of the colon. Baicalin treatment also induced asignificant decrease in the levels of inflammatory mediators,including the myeloperoxidase activity, the levels oftumor necrosis factor a, IL-1b, and Th1-related cytokinesIL-12 and IFN-c. Furthermore, the beneficial effects ofbaicalin seem to be associated with regulation of the Th17and Treg paradigm. We found that administration ofbaicalin significantly downregulated the number of Th17cells and the levels of Th17-related cytokines (IL-17 andIL-6) and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor ct. In contrast, there was an increase in Treg cells numbers,Treg-related cytokines transforming growth factor-b andIL-10, and forkhead box P3. Our results suggest that theanti-inflammatory effect of baicalin may be linked tomodulation of the balance between Th17 and Treg cells inTNBS-induced ulcerative colitis.