Progressive collapse of steel-framed gravity buildings under parametric fires

Jian Jiang,Wenyu Cai,Guo-Qiang Li,Wei Chen,Jihong Ye 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.36 No.4

This paper investigates the progressive collapse behavior of 3D steel-framed gravity buildings under fires with a cooling phase. The effect of fire protections and bracing systems on whether, how, and when a gravity building collapses is studied. It is found that whether a building collapses or not depends on the duration of the heating phase, and it may withstand a “short-hot” fire, but collapses under a mild fire or a “long-cool” fire. The collapse time can be conservatively determined by the time when the temperature of steel columns reaches a critical temperature of 550 °C. It is also found that the application of a higher level of fire protection may prevent the collapse of a building, but may also lead to its collapse in the cooling phase due to the delayed temperature increment in the heated members. The tensile membrane action in a heated slab can be resisted by a tensile ring around its perimeter or by tensile yielding lines extended to the edge of the frame. It is recommended for practical design that hat bracing systems should be arranged on the whole top floor, and a combination of perimeter and internal vertical bracing systems be used to mitigate the fire-induced collapse of gravity buildings. It is also suggested that beam-to-column connections should be designed to resist high tensile forces (up to yielding force) during the cooling phase of a fire.

Down-regulated MYH11 Expression Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer

Wang, Ren-Jie,Wu, Peng,Cai, Guo-Xiang,Wang, Zhi-Min,Xu, Ye,Peng, Jun-Jie,Sheng, Wei-Qi,Lu, Hong-Fen,Cai, San-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

The MYH11 gene may be related to cell migration and adhesion, intracellular transport, and signal transduction. However, its relationship with prognosis is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between MYH11 gene expression and prognosis in 58 patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed in fresh CRC tissues to examine mRNA expression, and immunohistochemistry was performed with paraffin-embedded specimens for protein expression. On univariate analysis, MYH11 expression at both mRNA and protein levels, perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion were related to disease-free survival (p<0.05; log-rank test). Cancers with lower MYH11 expression were more likely to have a poor prognosis. Otherwise, MYH11 expression was unrelated to patient clinicopathological features. On multivariate analysis, low MYH11 expression proved to be an independent adverse prognosticator (p<0.05). These findings show that MYH11 can contribute to predicting prognosis in stage II and III colorectal cancers.

Dual stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug consisting of reversible covalent bonded celastrol for tumor targeted delivery

Jiangtao Su,Meng Rao,Heshuang Dai,Le Cai,Fan Ye,Lu Ye,Yuchen Hu,Ban Chen,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2024 Macromolecular Research Vol.32 No.2

In this work, pH/GSH-responsive amphiphilic polymeric prodrug (EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA) was successfully prepared and could self-assembled into micelles in an aqueous solution. The EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles possessed high stability in physiological condition and were pH and GSH sensitive due to the reversible borate ester bonds and disulfide bonds within the prodrug polymer. The structures of the prodrug polymers were characterized by NMR, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurement indicated that the resulting micelles have desirable size distribution and regular spherical shape. Free active Celastrol can be released under low pH and high GSH environment; In vitro cellular uptake and growth inhibition assays suggested that the blank polymer micelles showed good biocompatibility. EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles were more efficiently internalized by monolayer tumor cells and demonstrated superior tumor targeting effects as compared to free Celastrol control. These results demonstrated that the novel prodrug self-assembled dual-responsive nano-delivery platform was able to improve the bioavailability and tumor targeting activity of Celastrol, which provides a basis for further clinical applications of Celastrol and its derivatives.

Phenylboronic acid-functionalized gelatin–oleic acid nanoparticles for high loading and efficient transdermal delivery of Celastrol towards the treatment of psoriasis

Jiangtao Su,Na Lin,Xiangyu You,Heshuang Dai,Meng Rao,Lu Ye,Fan Ye,Le Cai,Yuxin Chen,Gao Zhou,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

Systemic toxicity, poor aqueous solubility, and poorly cell permeable ability hindered the clinical application of Celastrol. In this study, we aimed to design and synthesize an amphiphilic conjugate to encapsulate Celastrol into micelles to improve its water solubility, cellular membrane penetration, improving the clinic translation potential of Celastrol for the treatment of psoriasis. For this purpose, we first synthesized gelatin and oleic acid conjugate (GOC-1), and then covalently bonded 4-(3-boronophenylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (BPOA) with GOC-1 to form a stable GOC-2 conjugate which can self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. Celastrol (Cel) was physically encapsulated into the core of GOCs micelles. The dynamic stability, particle size, drug release, zeta potential, drug-loading efficiency, and surface morphology of Cel/loaded GOCs nano-micelles were determined. In addition, cell viability, cellular uptake of Cel/loaded GOC-2, and skin permeation and in vivo anti-psoriasis effect of Cel-loaded GOC-2 were investigated. Our results have shown that Cel/loaded GOC-1 and Cel/loaded GOC-2 have spherical shapes with diameters of around 200–300 nm. Compared to GOC-1, GOC-2 micelles showed higher drug-loading efficiency and excellent permeation ability in vitro. Moreover, Cel/GOC-2 micelles reduced erythema and white scales on the dorsal skin of psoriatic mice. In conclusion, BPOA attached GOC nanoparticles as a Celastrol carrier not only increase its water solubility but also improve drug-loading efficiency and cell permeation ability, exhibiting superior anti-psoriatic effect than the commercially available tacrolimus. Our work is expected to provide a facile approach to prepare nanocarrier for Celastrol to improve the clinic translation potential of Celastrol.

Prognostic Values of Various Clinical Factors and Genetic Subtypes for Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of 227 Cases

Zhou, De,Xie, Wan-Zhuo,Hu, Ke-Yue,Huang, Wei-Jia,Wei, Guo-Qing,He, Jing-Song,Shi, Ji-Min,Luo, Yi,Li, Li,Zhu, Jing-Jing,Zhang, Jie,Lin, Mao-Fang,Ye, Xiu-Jin,Cai, Zhen,Huang, He Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Aim: To analyze the significance of different clinical factors for prognostic prediction in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Methods: Two hundred and twenty-seven DLBCL patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were managed with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen or rituximab plus the CHOP (RCHOP) regimen. Results: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ${\beta}2$-microglobulin (${\beta}2$-M), B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage and genetic subtypes were statistically relevant in predicting the prognosis of the overall survival (OS). In the CHOP group, the OS in patients with germinal center B-cell-like (GCB)(76.2%) was significantly higher than that of the non-GCB group (51.9%, P=0.032). With RCHOP management, there was no statistical difference in OS between the GCB (88.4%) and non-GCB groups (81.9%, P=0.288). Conclusion: Elevated LDH and ${\beta}2$-M levels, positive B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage III/IV, and primary nodal lymphoma indicate an unfavorable prognosis of DLBCL patients. Patients with GCB-like DLBCL have a better prognosis than those with non-GCB when treated with the CHOP regimen. The RCHOP treatment with the addition of rituximab can improve the prognosis of patients with DLBCL.

Baicalin attenuates TNBS-induced colitis in rats by modulating the Th17/Treg paradigm

Ying Zou,Shi-Xue Dai,Hong-Gang Chi,Tao Li,Zhi-Wei He,Jian Wang,Cai-Guo Ye,Guo-Liang Huang,Bing Zhao,Wen-Yang Li,Zheng Wan,Jin-Shan Feng,Xue-Bao Zheng 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.10

Baicalin, a flavonoid, has a wide range ofpharmacological properties, including immunomodulation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect ofbaicalin on the balance of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatoryT (Treg) cells in a colitis model. The rat colitis modelwas induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS). Baicalin (10 ml/kg, each) or mesalazine (positivecontrol) was then administered orally for 7 days. Inflammatoryand immunological responses were evaluated bypathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-timepolymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis, and flowcytometry. Our study showed that baicalin not only significantlyattenuated TNBS-induced colitis by reducing thedisease activity index as well as macroscopic and microscopicscores, but it also improved the weight loss andshortening of the colon. Baicalin treatment also induced asignificant decrease in the levels of inflammatory mediators,including the myeloperoxidase activity, the levels oftumor necrosis factor a, IL-1b, and Th1-related cytokinesIL-12 and IFN-c. Furthermore, the beneficial effects ofbaicalin seem to be associated with regulation of the Th17and Treg paradigm. We found that administration ofbaicalin significantly downregulated the number of Th17cells and the levels of Th17-related cytokines (IL-17 andIL-6) and retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor ct. In contrast, there was an increase in Treg cells numbers,Treg-related cytokines transforming growth factor-b andIL-10, and forkhead box P3. Our results suggest that theanti-inflammatory effect of baicalin may be linked tomodulation of the balance between Th17 and Treg cells inTNBS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Metastasis associated genomic aberrations in stage II rectal cancer

Hong Zhao,Zhi-Zhou Shi,Rui Jiang,Dong-Bing Zhao,Hai-Tao Zhou,Jian-Wei Liang,Xin-Yu Bi,Jian-Jun Zhao,Zhi-Yu Li,Jian-Guo Zhou,Zhen Huang,Ye-Fan Zhang,Jian Wang,Xin Xu,Yan Cai,Ming-Rong Wang,Yu Zhang 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.11

Genomic aberrations of rectal carcinoma, especially DNA copy number changes associated with metastasis were largely unclear. We aim to identify the metastasis associated biomarkers in stage II rectal cancer. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor tissues of stage II rectal carcinoma were analyzed by array-based comparative genomic hybridization, and genomic aberrations were identified by Genomic Workbench and SAM software. Copy number changes and mRNA expressions were validated by Real-time PCR in an independent rectal cancer samples. The results showed that the most frequent gains in stage II rectal cancer were at 1q21.2-q23.1, 3p21.31, 11q12.2-q23.3, 12q24.11-q24.31, 12q13.11-q14.1 and losses in 18q11.2-q23, 17q21.33-q22, 13q31.1-q31.3, 21q21.1-q21.3, 8p23.3-p23.1 and 4q22.1-q23. Twenty-two amplifications and five homozygous deletions were also identified. We further found that S100A1 (1q21.3-q23.1), MCM7 (7q22.1) and JUND (19p13.11) were amplified and overexpressed in stage II rectal cancer. Interestingly, the genomic aberrations affected 14 signaling pathways including VEGF signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Most importantly, loss of 13q31.1-q34 and gain of 1q44 were associated with distant metastasis. Our results indicated that these metastasis associated genomic changes may be useful to reveal the pathogenesis of rectal cancer metastasis and identify candidate biomarkers.