Development of International Transportation Corridors in Northeast Asia

Hirofumi Arai 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 2009 인하대학교 정석물류통상연구원 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.8

Regional Policy Coordination for Developing International Transportation Corridors: A Case of the Greater Tumen Region

아라이 히로후미(Hirofumi Arai)(新井洋史) 중앙대학교 한국전자무역연구소 2016 전자무역연구 Vol.14 No.3

연구목적: 본 연구는 국제운송회랑 개발에 관한 광역두만강개발계획(GTI) 회원국(중국, 몽골, 한국, 러시아)의 주요 시책들을 비교 분석하였다. 논문구성/논리: 지역과의 연결성을 높이는 국제운송회랑을 개발하기 위해서는 효과적인 조정정책이 필요하다. 기존 연구들에서는 이러한 정책의 두 가지 방향성에 대해 살펴보았다. 먼저 한 가지 정책방향은 서비스 수준의 향상을 목적으로 한 정책이며, 또다른 하나는 화물운송업자들이 국제운송회랑을 사용하도록 권장하는 정책이다. 이런 가운데 필자는 각국의 국제운송회랑 개발을 둘러싼 관련 시책을 검토하였다. 결과: 서비스의 향상과 관련해서 정부는 비물리적인 수단이 아닌 사회 기반시설의 개발에 주력해 오고 있다. 또한 정부는 사용자들을 위한 국제운송회랑의 홍보에 거의 관심을 기울이지 않고 있다. 수행기관의 역할을 담당하기 보다는 정책조정 플랫폼 역할을 하는 광역두만강개발계획(GTI)은 정보 공유로부터 시작해 비물리적인 수단 및 홍보활동에 큰 역할을 하고 있다. 독창성/가치: 본 연구에서는 최근 광역두만강개발계획(GTI)에 관한 각국의 정책동향을 다루었으며, 해당 사업과 관련하여 각국의 정책 상황을 포괄적이고 체계적으로 분석하는 일은 추후 이 지역의 정책개발과 조정을 위한 토대로 작용할 것으로 보인다. Purpose: To analyze the policy measures of the GTI member countries (China, Mongolia, Korea and Russia) on development of international transportation corridors. Recognizing that the joint efforts brought less achievement than expected, this paper will present its arguments on the policy composition, and try to identify missing components and/or any lack of mutual policy coordination. Composition/Logic: In order to develop international transportation corridors, which contribute toward regional transportation connectivity, a well-composed coordinated policy is required. A previous research identified two directions of the policy. One is the policy aiming at improving the service level and the other is the policy encouraging freight shippers to use the corridors. From this point of view, the author analyzed the policy measures of the countries. Findings: With regard to the service improvement, the governments focus on infrastructure development, instead of non-physical measures. They pay little attention to corridor promotion toward the users. The GTI, as a platform of policy coordination rather than an executing organization, should play a significant role in non-physical measures and promotion activities, starting from information sharing. Originality/Value: The paper deals with concurrent issues gathering information on the latest developments in the region. An effort to analyze the policy situation comprehensively and systematically gives several findings that may lay a foundation for practical policy development and coordination in the region, as well as for further theoretical analyses in the field of regional policy cooperation.

Fish Protein Hydrolysates Affect Cholesterol Metabolism in Rats Fed Non-Cholesterol and High-Cholesterol Diets

Ryota Hosomi,Kenji Fukunaga,Hirofumi Arai,Seiji Kanda,Toshimasa Nishiyama,Munehiro Yoshida 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.3

Fish consumption is well known to provide health benefits in both experimental animals and human subjects. Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of various protein hydrolysates on lipid metabolism. In this context, this study examined the effect of fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) on cholesterol metabolism compared with the effect of casein. FPHs were prepared from Alaska pollock meat using papain as a protease. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following four dietary groups of seven rats each: either casein (20%) or FPH (10%) + casein (10%), with or without 0.5% cholesterol and 0.1% sodium cholate. Serum and liver lipid levels, fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretions, and the hepatic expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cholesterol homeostasis were examined. In rats fed the FPH diets compared with casein diets with or without cholesterol and sodium cholate, the indexes of cholesterol metabolism—namely, serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels—were significantly lower, whereas fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretions were higher. Rats fed the FPH diets compared with casein with cholesterol exhibited a lower liver cholesterol level via an increased liver cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression level. This study demonstrates that the intake of FPH has hypocholesterolemic effects through the enhancement of fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretions and CYP7A1 expression levels. Therefore, fish peptides prepared by papain digestion might provide health benefits by decreasing the cholesterol content in the blood, which would contribute to the prevention of circulatory system diseases such as arteriosclerosis.

Effect of dietary protamine on lipid metabolism in ruts

Hosomi, Ryota,Fukunaga, Kenji,Arai, Hirofumi,Kanda, Seiji,Nishiyama, Toshimasa,Yoshida, Munehiro The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol. No.

Protamine has been widely used as a pharmaceutical product and natural food preservative. However, few studies have been conducted to assess the beneficial function of dietary protamine. This study examined the effects of dietary salmon protamine on serum and liver lipid levels and the expression levels of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid homeostasis in the liver of rats. Groups of male Wistar rats were fed AIN93G diet containing 2% or 5% protamine. After 4 weeks of feeding these diets, markedly decreased serum and liver cholesterol (CHOL) and triacylglycerol levels were noted. Increased activity of liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 and acyl-CoA oxidase, which are key enzymes of fatty acid ${\beta}$-oxidation in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, was found in rats fed on protamine. Furthermore, rats fed protamine showed enhanced fecal excretion of CHOL and bile acid and increased liver mRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) G5 and ABCG8, which form heterodimers and play a major role in the secretion of CHOL into bile. The decrease in triacylglycerol levels in protamine-fed rats was due to the enhancement of liver ${\beta}$-oxidation. Furthermore, rats fed protamine exhibited decreased CHOL levels through the suppression of CHOL and bile acid absorption and the enhancement of CHOL secretion into bile. These results suggest that dietary protamine has beneficial effects that may aid in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

Porcine Hemoglobin Promotes Lipid Excretion to Feces more Strongly than Globin Protein in Rats

Ryota Hosomi,Ren Otsuka,Hirofumi Arai,Seiji Kanda,Toshimasa Nishiyama,Munehiro Yoshida,Kenji Fukunaga 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.suppl1

In an effort to clarify whether the lipid-lowering effect of hemoglobin is due to globin protein or heme, this study investigated the effects of dietary porcine hemoglobin (PH) and porcine globin (PG) on lipids contents of serum, liver, and feces in rats. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 3 dietary groups of 7 rats each, with one group receiving a control diet and the other groups receiving diets containing 1.25% (w/w) PH or 1.18% (w/w) PG for 4 weeks. The PH diet decreased triacylglycerol content in serum and cholesterol in serum and liver, whereas the PG diet reduced triacylglycerol content in serum and cholesterol in liver. Fecal lipid excretion in the PH group was significantly higher than in the PG group. Therefore, PH affected lipid excretion to feces due to globin protein as well as heme.

Effect of dietary protamine on lipid metabolism in rats

Ryota Hosomi,Kenji Fukunaga,Hirofumi Arai,Seiji Kanda,Toshimasa Nishiyama,Munehiro Yoshida 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.6

Protamine has been widely used as a pharmaceutical product and natural food preservative. However, few studies have been conducted to assess the beneficial function of dietary protamine. This study examined the effects of dietary salmon protamine on serum and liver lipid levels and the expression levels of genes encoding proteins involved in lipid homeostasis in the liver of rats. Groups of male Wistar rats were fed AIN93G diet containing 2% or 5% protamine. After 4 weeks of feeding these diets, markedly decreased serum and liver cholesterol (CHOL) and triacylglycerol levels were noted. Increased activity of liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 and acyl-CoA oxidase, which are key enzymes of fatty acid β-oxidation in the mitochondria and peroxisomes, was found in rats fed on protamine. Furthermore, rats fed protamine showed enhanced fecal excretion of CHOL and bile acid and increased liver mRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) G5 and ABCG8, which form heterodimers and play a major role in the secretion of CHOL into bile. The decrease in triacylglycerol levels in protamine-fed rats was due to the enhancement of liver β-oxidation. Furthermore, rats fed protamine exhibited decreased CHOL levels through the suppression of CHOL and bile acid absorption and the enhancement of CHOL secretion into bile. These results suggest that dietary protamine has beneficial effects that may aid in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.

Local interaction imaging by SiGe quantum dot probe

정연길,Masato Hirade,Ryohei Kokawa,Hirofumi Yamada,Kei Kobayashi,Noriaki Oyabu,Toyoko Arai,Akira Sasahara,Masahiko Tomitori 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.2

Local interaction imaging of cleaved InAs surface (110) using a high aspect ratio (HAR) SiGe quantum dot (QD) probe was demonstrated by frequency-modulation mode noncontact atomic force microscopy under atmospheric pressure. The local contrast image with pronounced brightness is mainly attributed to no contact potential difference between the HAR SiGe-QD probe apex and the sample surface, and low frequency-change of the HAR SiGe-QD probe.

Gab family proteins are essential for postnatal maintenance of cardiac function via neuregulin-1/ErbB signaling

Nakaoka, Yoshikazu,Nishida, Keigo,Narimatsu, Masahiro,Kamiya, Atsunori,Minami, Takashi,Sawa, Hirofumi,Okawa, Katsuya,Fujio, Yasushi,Koyama, Tatsuya,Maeda, Makiko,Sone, Manami,Yamasaki, Satoru,Arai, Yu American Society for Clinical Investigation 2007 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.117 No.7

Effect of Polyphenols in Sea Buckthorn Berry on Chemical Mediator Release from Mast Cells

Shiman Qiu,Anuu Zorig,Naoko Sato,Ai Yanagihara,Tsutomu Kanazawa,Mikako Takasugi,Hirofumi Arai 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.28 No.3

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a deciduous shrub of the Elaeagnaceae family and is widely distributed in northern Eurasia. Sea buckthorn berry (SBB) has attracted attention for its use in many health foods, although its physiological function remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of SBB extract and its fractions on Type-I allergy using mast cell lines. Among these fractions, SBB fraction with the highest amount of antioxidant polyphenols significantly inhibited the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) from the stimulated mast cells. This fraction also inhibited the influx of calcium ions (Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>) and the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in proteins, including spleen tyrosine kinase, which is associated with signal transduction during the release of chemical mediators. The active SBB fraction contained isorhamnetin as its major flavonol aglycon. Isorhamnetin inhibited histamine and LTB₄ release from the stimulated cells and suppressed intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> influx. These results indicate that isorhamnetin is the primary substance responsible for the antiallergic activity in SBB. In conclusion, SBB may alleviate Type-I allergy by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from mast cells, and polyphenols may contribute to this effect.

Combination Effect of Phospholipids and n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Rat Cholesterol Metabolism

Ryota Hosomi,Kenji Fukunaga,Midori Fukao,Munehiro Yoshida,Hirofumi Arai,Seiji Kanda,Toshimasa Nishiyama,Teruyuki Kanada 한국식품과학회 2012 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.21 No.5

This study evaluated phospholipids (PLs)containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) for their specific inherent effects and effects due to a combination of the presence of glycerophosphate structure and n-3PUFAs on cholesterol metabolism in rats. Rats were fed a diet of AIN-93G containing soybean oil (SO, 7%), SO (5.8%)+fish oil (1.2%), SO (5.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%),SO (5.2%)+PLs containing n-3 PUFAs (1.8%), and SO (4.0%)+fish oil (1.2%)+soybean PLs (1.8%). Diets with PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and soybean PLs in combination with fish oil, resulted in decreased serum and liver cholesterol levels through enhancement of fecal cholesterol excretion and suppression of liver sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 mRNA expression compared with the diet containing soybean oil alone. This study shows that soybean PLs with added triacylglycerol that included n-3 PUFAs have the same effects on cholesterol metabolism as PLs containing n-3 PUFAs, and that these could be of benefit to people.