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Hermann Marius Feumo Feusso,Hermann Marius Feumo Feusso,Hermine Laure Maza Djomkam,Carine Mvot Akak,Mehreen Lateef,Ayaz Ahmed,Anatole Guy Blaise Azebaze,Alain François Kamdem Waffo,Muhammad Shaiq Ali 한국생약학회 2020 Natural Product Sciences Vol.26 No.4
The chemical investigation of the methanolic crude extract of leaves of Diospyros iturensis gave us 15 known secondary metabolites identified as mixture of α-amyrenone (1) and β-amyrenone (2), b-amyrin (3), mixture of β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5), betulin (6), uvaol (7), betulinic acid (8), ursolic acid (9), corosolic acid (10), actinidic acid (11),11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12), bergenin (13) and mixture of stigmasterol glucoside (14) and β-sitosterol glucoside (15) respectively. The structures of secondary metabolites were elucidated with the help of NMR and mass spectral data and by comparison of their spectral data with literature. Among the fifteen isolated compounds, four compounds were identified for the first time in Diospyros genus. These included uvaol (7), corosolic acid (10), actinidic acid (11) and 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12). Crude methanolic extract of leaves and four isolated compounds including betulin (6), betulinic acid (8), 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines CAL-27 and NCI-H460 by the MTT assay, antioxidant potential and inhibitory activity against the lipoxygenase and urease enzymes, respectively. The results indicated that the methanolic crude extract of leaves exhibited moderate antioxidant activity and was inactive against the two cancer cell lines. Betulin (6), 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) exhibited moderate antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition with IC50 = 65.8, 85.6, 82.5 µM and IC50 = 58.5, 95.2, 76.2 µM, respectively. Furthermore, 11-O-p-hydroxyben- zoylbergenin (12) and bergenin (13) exhibited moderate urease inhibition activity with IC50 values of 45.6 µM and 49.8 µM, respectively.
Hermann, Andreas,Kim, Jeong Beom,Srimasorn, Sumitra,Zaehres, Holm,Reinhardt, Peter,Schö,ler, Hans R.,Storch, Alexander Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Stem cells international Vol.2016 No.-
<P>Reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by overexpression of the transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-Myc holds great promise for the development of personalized cell replacement therapies. In an attempt to minimize the risk of chromosomal disruption and to simplify reprogramming, several studies demonstrated that a reduced set of reprogramming factors is sufficient to generate iPSC. We recently showed that a reduction of reprogramming factors in murine cells not only reduces reprogramming efficiency but also may worsen subsequent differentiation. To prove whether this is also true for human cells, we compared the efficiency of neuronal differentiation of iPSC generated from fetal human neural stem cells with either one (OCT4; hiPSC<SUB>1F-NSC</SUB>) or two (OCT4, KLF4; hiPSC<SUB>2F-NSC</SUB>) reprogramming factors with iPSC produced from human fibroblasts using three (hiPSC<SUB>3F-FIB</SUB>) or four reprogramming factors (hiPSC<SUB>4F-FIB</SUB>). After four weeks of coculture with PA6 stromal cells, neuronal differentiation of hiPSC<SUB>1F-NSC</SUB> and hiPSC<SUB>2F-NSC</SUB> was as efficient as iPSC<SUB>3F-FIB</SUB> or iPSC<SUB>4F-FIB</SUB>. We conclude that a reduction of reprogramming factors in human cells does reduce reprogramming efficiency but does not alter subsequent differentiation into neural lineages. This is of importance for the development of future application of iPSC in cell replacement therapies.</P>
Federalism and Consensus Democracy
Hermanns, Heike 한국지방자치학회 2012 韓國地方自治學會報 Vol.24 No.4
This paper analyses the role of the Bundesrat in Germany to contribute to the debate on models of federalism. Due to historic legacies, the German federalism differs from the well studied model of the United States federal system. Rather than serving to represent the diverse interests of the states, it serves to unify Germany, and creates similar living standards across the republic. The Bundesrat serves as a second chamber with powers of consensual remit. Thus, the role of German political parties at the state level is strengthened, democracy is deepened and the German citizens are provided with further participatory opportunities. Furthermore, the model provides for another level of oversight over the federal government to avoid the emergence of a populist regime. Consequently, the German model has created and perpetuated a consensual style of politics that furthers democracy in Germany.
Does Tax Revenue Improve Economic Complexity in Africa?
Hermann Ndoya,Pousseni Bakouan 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2023 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.38 No.2
This study assesses the effect of tax revenue on economic complexity in Africa using a sample of 29 African countries from 1995 to 2018. Applying the system generalized method of moments (GMM), we found that tax revenue spurs economic complexity in Africa by providing countries with critical financial resources to produce complex and sophisticated goods. We performed several robustness tests, including controlling for macroeconomic volatility and employing various measures of economic complexity and tax revenue, and the results remain robust. Furthermore, the mediation analysis results show that the effect of tax revenue on economic complexity is mediated by financial development and government spending. This study advocates for government strategies to enact tax reforms and maximize tax revenue mobilization, which will help finance economic complexity.