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Innovation Activities of Mid-Sized World Market Leaders
Hermann Simon 피터드러커 소사이어티 2009 창조와 혁신 Vol.2 No.2
In my latest book Hidden Champions of the 21st Century (Simon, 2009.) I analyzed the current situation and the development of hundreds of little-known companies that are frequently world market leaders in their segment. Their outstanding market performance is not only based on a clear product focus, international market presence, conservative financing or close customer relations, but to a large extent due to their highly innovative products and processes. The following article will explain the meaning of innovation to the Hidden Champions, the origins and driving forces of their innovation and creativity, how management can influence innovation and how a competitive advantage can be gained from it.
Hu, Yelin,Boudoire, Florent,Hermann-Geppert, Iris,Bogdanoff, Peter,Tsekouras, George,Mun, Bongjin Simon,Fortunato, Giuseppino,Graetzel, Michael,Braun, Artur American Chemical Society 2016 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.120 No.6
<P>The origin, the nature, and the electronic structure of surface defects causing surface states on metal oxides and their role in solar water splitting have been under scrutiny for several decades. In the present study, the surface of hematite films is treated with an oxygen plasma and then subject to a detailed investigation with electroanalytical methods and element orbital specific X-ray spectroscopy. We observe a systemic variation of photoelectrochemical properties with oxygen treatment time. Fe 2p and O is core level X-ray photoelectron spectra and resonant valence band photoemission at the Fe 3p edge reveal the filling of prevalent oxygen vacancies with concomitant oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ upon the oxygen treatment. The dc bias dependent impedance spectra confirm how a prevalent capacitive surface state, which evolves parallel with the photocurrent onset potential, becomes diminished upon oxygen treatment. Surface states of iron induce higher reactivity toward water oxidation than oxygen surface states. correlation between oxygen vacancy filling, concentration of surface states, and photocurrent density in the course of treatment confirms that the surface defects are of a capacitive nature and that the onset of water splitting can be considered as a result of dielectric breakdown in an interfacial hydroxide layer between photoanode and water.</P>