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Biomethane Yield of In-situ Codigestion of Sewage Sludge and Food Wastes in South Korea
( Heesung Moon ),( Dongjin Lee ),( Junhwa Kwon ),( Taewan Jeon ),( Sunkyoung Shin ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2019 ISSE 초록집 Vol.2019 No.-
This study was to find out optimum methane production from food waste leachate in the in-situ anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. The 4 facilities for the biogasification of sewage sludge and 8 facilities for co-digestion treating sewage sludge and food wastes were selected as a target for this study. In order to evaluate the operation efficiency, precision investigation (methane yield, organic loading rate, etc) was conducted from January 2015 to June 2016. The characteristics parameters and operating factors of the anaerobic digestion were analyzed and derived including volatile fatty acids (VFAs), chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), nutrients (carbohydrate, fat, protein), total nitrogen (TN), element analysis (C, H, O, N, S), etc. The theoretical methane yield was calculated based on organic constituents (carbohydrate, protein, fat) and based on element analysis. The actual methane yield was investigated based on volatile solids and CODcr. Theoretical methane yield by organic constituents were 0.503 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgVS and 0.350 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgCODcr. Actual methane yield were 0.224 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgVS and 0.171 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgCODcr. Considering the average removal efficiency of organic materials of 12 biogasification facilities, actual methane yield were 0.405 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgVS and 0.352 Sm<sup>3</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>/kgCODcr. Combined anaerobic digestion showed steady operation conditions and high efficiency of methane yield by additional injecting food waste (leachate) into the anaerobic digester and met the current criteria sufficiently in South Korea.
Moon Heesung,Kwon Junhwa,Choi Jeongwoo,Lee Dongjin,Seo Dong Cheol 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.66 No.-
Food waste is a growing global concern, necessitating effective treatment solutions. South Korea stands out with over 90% of its food waste being recycled, driven by robust resource circulation policies. Across Asia, anaerobic digestion processes are favored for food waste treatment due to their economic and environmental advantages. The South Korean Government aims to expand anaerobic digestion to ensure stable organic waste treatment. However, the 2019 outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) in pig farms led to the cessation of wet feed production, comprising 22% of total feed. This has increased the pressure on alternative recycling methods. The handling of food waste leachate, generating around 1080 t/d during treatment, has become a concern due to the discontinuation of wet feed production. The objective of this study is to develop a food waste policy. It begins by assessing food waste and leachate generation through field surveys of 346 treatment facilities engaged in pretreatment, feeding, composting, and biogasification. To mitigate the impact of ASF outbreaks in the short term, a proposed solution involves diverting food waste leachate to existing sewage treatment plant digesters during non-injection weekends and other off-peak times. This measure aims to completely treat the maximum discharge of approximately 2000 t/d during the peak summer ASF outbreak periods. For the long term, a strategy involving anaerobic digestion is suggested in response to the gradual reduction in wet or dry feed production, along with composting, the conventional treatment method. This transition not only curbs greenhouse gas emissions but also enhances biogas production, a renewable energy source. These efforts align with the Korean Green New Deal’s goal of achieving a 20% share of renewable energy by 2030.
Analysis of Power System Flexibility Considering Power System Ramp Rate
Moon Heesung,Chung Sehwan,Suh Jaewan,Jang Gilsoo 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.2
Driven by environmental issues and energy security, the global energy environment is evolving toward sustainability and carbon emissions reduction. The International Energy Agency's 2021 World Energy Outlook highlights the importance of clean energy innovation and increased adoption of renewable energy to achieve climate goals. As renewable energy sources become increasingly integrated with the existing grid, the variability of renewable energy poses challenges to grid stability. Existing fexibility indicators such as loss of load expectation, expected energy not served, and insufcient ramping resource expectation are not sufcient to evaluate short-term load changes and determine system fexibility from limited information. In this paper, a new approach is introduced to calculate the ramping performance probability of individual generators using data from those generators. The ramping performance probabilities of individual generators are represented by a probability density function, which is then convolved to produce a comprehensive power system fexibility index in the form of a cumulative distribution function. Data from the generators allows for the evaluation of the system's ability to respond to load fuctuations.
문희성(HeeSung Moon),배지수(Jisu Bae),박호연(Hoyeun Park),전태완(Taewan Jeon),이영기(Younggi Lee),이동진(Dongjin Lee) 유기성자원학회 2018 유기물자원화 Vol.26 No.1
본 연구는 유기성폐자원(가축분뇨, 음식물류폐기물, 음식물류폐수 등)의 바이오가스 이용에 대한 적정 설계 및 운전 기술지침서 마련하고자 현장조사와 정밀모니터링 등을 실시하였다. 정부의 중장기 바이오가스화 정책에 따라 폐자원의 자원화 시설 확충이 활발히 추진되고 있다. 하지만 생산된 바이오가스를 이용하여 발전 및 스팀으로 활용하는 시설은 효율이 아직은 저조하고 잦은 고장이 발생되고 있다. 전국 11개소 유기성폐자원 바이오가스화 시설을 대상으로 정밀모니터링을 실시하였다. 사계절 평균으로 정밀모니터링 결과를 정리하였을 때, 유기성폐자원 별 효율성 분석에서 유기성분해율은 VS기준 음식물/음폐수는 68.2 %, 가축분뇨는 66.8 %, 하수슬러지의 경우 46.2 %로 전체 평균 58.8 %로 분석되었다. 전처리 전후 바이오가스 성상을 분석한 결과 철염 및 탈황(건식, 습식)을 이용하여 전체 시설의 H2S 평균은 560 ppm으로 측정되었으며, 저감효율이 90% 이상인 경우 약 40 ppm 까지 감소할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다. 특히 소화조 내에 철염을 투입하면 처리효율 약 93 %이며, 평균 150 ppm까지 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 제습의 경우 노점온도를 적용한 절대습도와 가스온도에 따른 상대습도를 분석하였으며, 제습설비가 유지보수가 잘되어 가동 중인 시설의 노점온도는 14℃, 절대습도는 12.6 g/m³이며, 상대습도는 35 %로 측정되었다. 따라서 유기성폐자원의 바이오가스화 시설의 단점을 보완하고 바이오가스 이용 최적화 방안을 마련하기 위하여 정밀모니터링을 실시하였다. According to the in social aspects such as population growth, urbanization and industrialization, development of livestock industry by meat consumption, amount of organic wastes (containing sewage sludge and food waste, animal manure, etc) has been increased annually in South Korea. Precise monitoring of 11 organic wastes biogas facilities were conducted. The organic decomposition rate of organic wastewater was 68.2 % for food wastes, 66.8 % for animal manure and 46.2 % for sewage sludge and 58.8 % for total organic wastes. As a result of analyzing the biogas characteristics before and after the pretreatment, the total average of the whole facility was measured to be 560 ppm using iron salts and desulfurization, and decreased to 40 ppm when the reduction efficiency was above 90 %. Particularly, when iron salt is injected into the digester, the treatment efficiency is about 93 %, and the average is reduced to 150 ppm. In the case of dehumidification, the absolute humidity and the relative humidity were analyzed. The dew point temperature of the facility where the dehumidification facility was well maintained as 14℃, the absolute humidity was 12.6 g/m3, and the relative humidity was 35 %. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for the disadvantages of biogasification facilities of organic waste resources and optimize utilization of biogas and improve operation of facilities. This study was conducted to optimize biogas utilization of type of organic waste(containing sewage sludge and food waste, animal manure) through precision monitoring.