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Insights into the immune responses of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to COVID-19 vaccines
Heedo Park,Mee Sook Park,Jong Hyeon Seok,Jaehwan You,Jineui Kim,Jeonghun Kim,Man-Seong Park 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.3
The three types of approved coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) vaccines that have been emergency-use listed (EUL) by the World Health Organization are mRNA vaccines, adenovirus- vectored vaccines, and inactivated vaccines. Canonical vaccine developments usually take years or decades to be completed to commercialization; however, the EUL vaccines being used in the current situation comprise several COVID- 19 vaccine candidates applied in studies and clinical settings across the world. The extraordinary circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have necessitated the emergency authorization of these EUL vaccines, which have been rapidly developed. Although the benefits of the EUL vaccines outweigh their adverse effects, there have been reports of rare but fatal cases directly associated with COVID-19 vaccinations. Thus, a reassessment of the immunological rationale underlying EUL vaccines in relation to COVID-19 caused by SARSCOV- 2 virus infection is now required. In this review, we discuss the manifestations of COVID-19, immunologically projected effects of EUL vaccines, reported immune responses, informed issues related to COVID-19 vaccination, and the potential strategies for future vaccine use against antigenic variants.
High-mobility Property of Crystallized In-Te Chalcogenide Materials
Sung Jin Park,Seung-Jong Park,Dambi Park,Min An,조만호,Jonggi Kim,Heedo Na,Sung hoon Park,손현철 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.2
In-Te films were deposited by ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) using In and Te targets. The crystallization characteristics of the resulting films were investigated by 4-point Rs measurement, x-ray diffraction (XRD),transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the Hall-effect measurement system. As the amount of In was increased in In-Te, the crystallization temperature increased. X-ray data for the crystalline structure show that phase separation to In2Te3 and InTe occurred in InTe and In3Te2 samples after annealing at 350°C. The value of carrier mobility and concentration decreased in order of In2Te3, In3Te2, and InTe. The decreasing value is caused by phase separation and is the unique property of chemical composition.
박희도(Heedo Park),이웅근(Woonggeun Lee),장중순(Joong Soon Jang),박상철(Sang Chul Park) (사)한국CDE학회 2020 한국CDE학회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2
This paper proposes a new reliability prediction process which consists of four steps; 1) field data utilization step, 2) similar product data utilization step, 3) degradation test data utilization step, and 4) reliability prediction handbook utilization step. While, conventional reliability prediction process only describes a rough sequence of activities, the proposed process specifies the data priorities to improve the reliability prediction accuracy. For the effective support of the proposed reliability prediction process, we develop a software architecture and implement the software system. The software system consists of four major modules (function module, mapping module, calculation module, and report module), and applied to the reliability prediction of a DC-DC converter for demonstration.
Jung Jiwon,Lee Jungmin,Kim Sun-Kyung,Park Soyeon,Lim Young-Ju,Kim Eun Ok,Park Heedo,Park Man-Seong,Kim Sung-Han 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.39
Background: Patients with hematologic malignancies may produce replication-competent virus beyond 20 days of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, data regarding the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from patients with prolonged viral shedding is limited. Methods: In May 2022, four additional cases of COVID-19 were reported in a hematologic ward at a tertiary care hospital in South Korea, after an 8-week isolation of a patient with prolonged viral shedding. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of SARS-CoV-2 to evaluate the possibility of post-isolation transmission from this prolonged viral shedding. Results: A patient (case 1) with acute myeloid leukemia was released from isolation 54 days after the diagnosis of COVID-19 based on rising Ct value of up to 29.3, and moved to a sixpatient room. On days 10 and 11 post-isolation, his doctor (case 2) and 2 patients who were his roommates (case 3, 4) had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR results. Additionally, 16 days postisolation, another patient (case 5) in a remote room had positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result. All the three patients were hospitalized for ≥ 14 days when they were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Except for case 3, the remaining 4 cases were available for WGS, which revealed that case 1 exhibited a 7 nucleotides difference in comparison to cases 4 and 5 and case 2 displayed a 20 nucleotides difference compared with case 1, while sequences of cases 4 and 5 were identical. Conclusions: Despite the possibility of transmission from the patient with prolonged viral shedding, no evidence of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from the patient with prolonged positive RT-PCR using WGS was found.
Turbulent Natural Convection in a Hemispherical Geometry Containing Internal Heat SourcesZ
Lee, Heedo,Park, Goon-cherl Korean Nuclear Society 1998 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.30 No.6
This paper deals with the computational modeling of buoyancy-driven turbulent heat transfer involving spatially uniform volumetric heat sources in semicircular geometry. The Launder & Sharma low-Reynolds number k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model without any modifications and the SIMPLER computational algorithm were used for the numerical modeling, which was incorporated into the new computer code CORE-TNC. This computer code was subsequently benchmarked with the Mini-ACOPO experimental data in the modified Rayleigh number range of 2$\times$10$^{13}$ <Ra'<7$\times$10$^{14}$ . The general trends of the velocity and temperature fields were well predicted by the model used, and the calculated isotherm patterns were found to be very similiar to those observed in previous experimental investigations. The deviation between the Mini-ACOPO experimental data and the corresponding numerical results obtained with CORE-TNC for the average Nusselt number was less than 30% using fine grid in the near-wall region and the three-point difference formula for the wall temperature gradient. With isothermal pool boundaries, heat was convected predominantly to the upper and adjacent lateral surfaces, and the bottom surface received smaller heat fluxes.